问题
我想将我的项目打包到单个可执行JAR中进行分发。
如何让Maven项目将所有依赖JAR包装到我的输出JAR中?
#1 热门回答(1846 赞)
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>fully.qualified.MainClass</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
和你一起运行它
mvn clean compile assembly:single
在汇编之前应该添加编译目标:单个或其他代码不包含在您自己的项目中。
在评论中看到更多细节。
通常这个目标与构建阶段相关联以自动执行。这可确保在执行mvn install
或执行部署/发布时构建JAR。
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>fully.qualified.MainClass</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>make-assembly</id> <!-- this is used for inheritance merges -->
<phase>package</phase> <!-- bind to the packaging phase -->
<goals>
<goal>single</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
#2 热门回答(293 赞)
您可以使用依赖项插件在包阶段之前在单独的目录中生成所有依赖项,然后将其包含在清单的类路径中:
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-dependencies</id>
<phase>prepare-package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory>
<overWriteReleases>false</overWriteReleases>
<overWriteSnapshots>false</overWriteSnapshots>
<overWriteIfNewer>true</overWriteIfNewer>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
<classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
<mainClass>theMainClass</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
或者,使用$ {project.build.directory} / classes / lib
作为OutputDirectory将所有jar文件集成到主jar文件中,但是您需要添加自定义类加载代码来加载jar。
#3 热门回答(131 赞)
我博客了一些不同的方式来做到这一点。
SeeExecutable Jar with Apache Maven(WordPress的)
orexecutable-jar-with-maven-example(GitHub上)
##备注
这些优点和缺点由32837066提供。
##手动部署
- 优点
- 缺点依赖性不在最后一个罐子里。
###将依赖项复制到特定目录
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-dependencies</id>
<phase>prepare-package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/${project.build.finalName}.lib</outputDirectory>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
###使Jar可执行文件和类路径感知
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
<classpathPrefix>${project.build.finalName}.lib/</classpathPrefix>
<mainClass>${fully.qualified.main.class}</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
此时jar
实际上可以用外部类路径元素执行。
$ java -jar target/${project.build.finalName}.jar
###进行可部署的档案
jar
文件只能在兄弟... lib /
目录下执行。我们需要使用目录及其内容来部署存档。
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>antrun-archive</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>run</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<target>
<property name="final.name" value="${project.build.directory}/${project.build.finalName}"/>
<property name="archive.includes" value="${project.build.finalName}.${project.packaging} ${project.build.finalName}.lib/*"/>
<property name="tar.destfile" value="${final.name}.tar"/>
<zip basedir="${project.build.directory}" destfile="${final.name}.zip" includes="${archive.includes}" />
<tar basedir="${project.build.directory}" destfile="${tar.destfile}" includes="${archive.includes}" />
<gzip src="${tar.destfile}" destfile="${tar.destfile}.gz" />
<bzip2 src="${tar.destfile}" destfile="${tar.destfile}.bz2" />
</target>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
现在你有target / $ {project.build.finalName}。(zip | tar | tar.bz2 | tar.gz)
,它们都包含jar
和lib / *
。
Apache Maven组件插件
- 优点
- 缺点没有类重定位支持(如果需要类重定位,请使用maven-shade-plugin)。
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>single</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>${fully.qualified.main.class}</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
你有target / $ {project.bulid.finalName} -jar -with-dependencies.jar
。
Apache Maven Shade插件
- 优点
- 缺点
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>shade</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<shadedArtifactAttached>true</shadedArtifactAttached>
<transformers>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
<mainClass>${fully.qualified.main.class}</mainClass>
</transformer>
</transformers>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
你有target / $ {project.build.finalName} -shaded.jar
。
onejar-maven-plugin
- 优点
- 缺点自2012年以来没有积极支持。
<plugin>
<!--groupId>org.dstovall</groupId--> <!-- not available on the central -->
<groupId>com.jolira</groupId>
<artifactId>onejar-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<configuration>
<mainClass>${fully.qualified.main.class}</mainClass>
<attachToBuild>true</attachToBuild>
<!-- https://code.google.com/p/onejar-maven-plugin/issues/detail?id=8 -->
<!--classifier>onejar</classifier-->
<filename>${project.build.finalName}-onejar.${project.packaging}</filename>
</configuration>
<goals>
<goal>one-jar</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
Spring Boot Maven插件
- 优点
- 缺点添加潜在的不必要的Spring和Spring Boot相关的类。
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>repackage</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<classifier>spring-boot</classifier>
<mainClass>${fully.qualified.main.class}</mainClass>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
你有target / $ {project.bulid.finalName} -spring-boot.jar
。