首页 文章

如何为Visual Studio 2012调试器编写自定义本机可视化DLL？

提问于
浏览 次
21

在C中为Visual Studio 2012调试器编写自定义本机可视化DLL需要什么？我想显示一个只能根据需要从类/结构计算的值，因此需要一个本机可视化DLL . Visual Studio 2012使用一种新方法来实现名为Natvis的本机可视化工具 . 截至目前，关于Natvis的信息非常少，尤其是使用Natvis调用可视化DLL . DLL将根据类/结构成员值计算显示字符串 .

c++ debugging visual-studio-2012 visualizer

2 回答

  • 1

    这是包含AddIn DLL的C代码 . 我将文件命名为NatvisAddIn.cpp，该项目创建了NatvisAddIn.dll .

    #include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>

#define ADDIN_API __declspec(dllexport)

typedef struct tagDEBUGHELPER
{
    DWORD dwVersion;
    HRESULT (WINAPI *ReadDebuggeeMemory)( struct tagDEBUGHELPER *pThis, DWORD dwAddr, DWORD nWant, VOID* pWhere, DWORD *nGot );
    // from here only when dwVersion >= 0x20000
    DWORDLONG (WINAPI *GetRealAddress)( struct tagDEBUGHELPER *pThis );
    HRESULT (WINAPI *ReadDebuggeeMemoryEx)( struct tagDEBUGHELPER *pThis, DWORDLONG qwAddr, DWORD nWant, VOID* pWhere, DWORD *nGot );
    int (WINAPI *GetProcessorType)( struct tagDEBUGHELPER *pThis );
} DEBUGHELPER;

typedef HRESULT (WINAPI *CUSTOMVIEWER)( DWORD dwAddress, DEBUGHELPER *pHelper, int nBase, BOOL bUniStrings, char *pResult, size_t max, DWORD reserved );

extern "C" ADDIN_API HRESULT MyClassFormatter( DWORD dwAddress, DEBUGHELPER *pHelper, int nBase, BOOL bUniStrings, char *pResult, size_t max, DWORD reserved );
extern "C" ADDIN_API HRESULT MyStructFormatter( DWORD dwAddress, DEBUGHELPER *pHelper, int nBase, BOOL bUniStrings, char *pResult, size_t max, DWORD reserved );

class MyClass
{
public:
    int publicInt;
};

struct MyStruct { int i; };

ADDIN_API HRESULT MyClassFormatter( DWORD dwAddress, DEBUGHELPER *pHelper, int nBase, BOOL bUniStrings, char *pResult, size_t max, DWORD reserved )
{
    MyClass c;
    DWORD nGot;
    pHelper->ReadDebuggeeMemory(pHelper,dwAddress,sizeof(MyClass),&c,&nGot);
    sprintf_s(pResult,max,"Dll MyClass: max=%d nGot=%d MyClass=%x publicInt=%d",max,nGot,dwAddress,c.publicInt);
    return S_OK;
}

ADDIN_API HRESULT MyStructFormatter( DWORD dwAddress, DEBUGHELPER *pHelper, int nBase, BOOL bUniStrings, char *pResult, size_t max, DWORD reserved )
{
    MyStruct s;
    DWORD nGot;
    pHelper->ReadDebuggeeMemory(pHelper,dwAddress,sizeof(MyStruct),&s,&nGot);
    sprintf_s(pResult,max,"Dll MyStruct: max=%d nGot=%d MyStruct=%x i=%d",max,nGot,dwAddress,s.i);
    return S_OK;
}

    以下是Visual Studio 2012调试器用于显示值的.natvis文件 . 将其放在.natvis文件中 . 我把它命名为NatvisAddIn.natvis . 该文件指示VS 2012调试器调用NatvisAddIn.dll . 该DLL包含两个可视化方法调用; MyClassFormatter格式化MyClass和MyStructFormatter以格式化MyStruct . 调试器将在Auto，Watch或工具提示显示中为指定类型的每个实例（MyClass，MyStruct）显示方法的格式化值 .

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <AutoVisualizer xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/vstudio/debugger/natvis/2010">
    <Type Name="MyClass">
        <DisplayString LegacyAddin="NatvisAddIn.dll" Export="MyClassFormatter"></DisplayString>
    </Type>
    <Type Name="MyStruct">
        <DisplayString LegacyAddin="NatvisAddIn.dll" Export="MyStructFormatter"></DisplayString>
    </Type>
</AutoVisualizer>

    将已编译的NatvisAddIn.dll文件和NatvisAddIn.natvis文件放入以下三个位置之一：

    %VSINSTALLDIR%\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (requires admin access)

%USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Visualizers\

VS extension folders

    您需要确保存在以下注册表项且值为1：

    [HKEY_CURRENT_USER \ Software \ Microsoft \ VisualStudio \ 11.0_Config \ Debugger]“EnableNatvisDiagnostics”= dword：00000001

    如果一切顺利，您将看到natvis消息出现在Visual Studio的调试器输出窗口中 . 这些消息将显示Natvis是否能够解析.natvis文件 . 解析每个.natvis文件的结果显示在输出窗口中 . 如果出现问题，请使用命令“dumpbin / exports”仔细检查DLL方法的名称是否与.navis文件的Type =完全匹配 . 还要确保已将当前的.dll和.natvis文件复制到相应的目录中 .

    Natvis: Parsing natvis xml file: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers\atlmfc.natvis.
Natvis: Done parsing natvis xml file: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers\atlmfc.natvis.
Natvis: Parsing natvis xml file: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers\concurrency.natvis.
Natvis: Done parsing natvis xml file: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers\concurrency.natvis.
Natvis: Parsing natvis xml file: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers\NatvisAddIn.natvis.
Natvis: Done parsing natvis xml file: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers\NatvisAddIn.natvis.
Natvis: Parsing natvis xml file: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers\stl.natvis.
Natvis: Done parsing natvis xml file: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers\stl.natvis.
Natvis: Parsing natvis xml file: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers\windows.natvis.
Natvis: Done parsing natvis xml file: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers\windows.natvis.
Natvis: Parsing natvis xml file: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers\winrt.natvis.
Natvis: Done parsing natvis xml file: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers\winrt.natvis.

    测试程序：

    #include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>

class MyClass
{
public:
    int publicInt;
};

struct MyStruct { int i; };

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    struct MyStruct s = {1234};
    std::cout << s.i << std::endl;
    MyClass *c = new MyClass;
    c->publicInt = 1234;
    std::cout << c->publicInt << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

    信息资源：

    \ Xml \ Schemas \ natvis.xsd http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/windowsdesktop/Writing-type-visualizers-2eae77a2 http://blogs.msdn.com/b/mgoldin/archive/2012/06/ 06 / visual-studio-2012-and-debugger-natvis-files-what-can-i-do-with-them.aspx http://blogs.msdn.com/b/vcblog/archive/2012/07/12 /10329460.aspx

    回复于
  • 38

    对于64位版本调试，应使用以下行：

    auto realAddress = pHelper->GetRealAddress(pHelper);
pHelper->ReadDebuggeeMemoryEx(pHelper, realAddress, sizeof(MyClass), &c, &nGot );

    对于前面的示例，64位版本可能如下所示：

    #include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>

#define ADDIN_API __declspec(dllexport)

typedef struct tagDEBUGHELPER
{
    DWORD dwVersion;
    HRESULT (WINAPI *ReadDebuggeeMemory)( struct tagDEBUGHELPER *pThis, DWORD dwAddr, DWORD nWant, VOID* pWhere, DWORD *nGot );
    // from here only when dwVersion >= 0x20000
    DWORDLONG (WINAPI *GetRealAddress)( struct tagDEBUGHELPER *pThis );
    HRESULT (WINAPI *ReadDebuggeeMemoryEx)( struct tagDEBUGHELPER *pThis, DWORDLONG qwAddr, DWORD nWant, VOID* pWhere, DWORD *nGot );
    int (WINAPI *GetProcessorType)( struct tagDEBUGHELPER *pThis );
} DEBUGHELPER;

typedef HRESULT (WINAPI *CUSTOMVIEWER)( DWORD dwAddress, DEBUGHELPER *pHelper, int nBase, BOOL bUniStrings, char *pResult, size_t max, DWORD reserved );

extern "C" ADDIN_API HRESULT MyClassFormatter( DWORD dwAddress, DEBUGHELPER *pHelper, int nBase, BOOL bUniStrings, char *pResult, size_t max, DWORD reserved );

class MyClass
{
public:
    int publicInt;
};

ADDIN_API HRESULT MyClassFormatter( DWORD dwAddress, DEBUGHELPER *pHelper, int nBase, BOOL bUniStrings, char *pResult, size_t max, DWORD reserved )
{
    MyClass c;
    DWORD nGot;
    auto realAddress = pHelper->GetRealAddress(pHelper);
    pHelper->ReadDebuggeeMemoryEx(pHelper, realAddress, sizeof(MyClass), &c, &nGot );
    sprintf_s(pResult,max,"Dll MyClass: max=%d nGot=%d MyClass=%llx publicInt=%d",max, nGot, realAddress, c.publicInt);
    return S_OK;
}
    回复于

相关问题