首页 文章

init()函数何时运行?

提问于
浏览
253

我试图找到 init() 函数在Go中的功能的精确解释 . 我读了Effective Go所说的但我不确定我是否完全理解它所说的内容 . 我不确定的确切句子如下:

最后意味着:在包中的所有变量声明已经评估了它们的初始值设定项之后调用init,并且只有在初始化了所有导入的包之后才会对它们进行求值 .

all the variable declarations in the package have evaluated their initializers 是什么意思?这是否意味着如果在包及其文件中声明"global"变量,init()将不会运行直到所有它都被评估,然后它将运行所有init函数,然后运行./main_file_name时运行main()?

我还阅读了Mark Summerfield的以下书:

如果一个包有一个或多个init()函数,它们会在调用主包的main()函数之前自动执行 .

根据我的理解, init() 仅在您运行打算运行main()时才相关?或主包 . 任何人都能更准确地理解 init() 随时纠正我

9 回答

  • 1

    mutil init函数在一个包执行顺序中:

    • const和变量定义文件init()函数执行

    • init函数按文件名asc执行命令

  • 82

    init func先运行然后运行main . 它用于在程序运行之前先设置一些东西,例如:

    访问模板,使用所有核心运行程序,检查Goos和arch等...

  • 25

    是的,假设你有this

    var WhatIsThe = AnswerToLife()
    
    func AnswerToLife() int {
        return 42
    }
    
    func init() {
        WhatIsThe = 0
    }
    
    func main() {
        if WhatIsThe == 0 {
            fmt.Println("It's all a lie.")
        }
    }
    

    保证 AnswerToLife() 在调用 init() 之前运行,并且保证 init() 在调用 main() 之前运行 .

    请记住,始终会调用 init() ,无论是否存在main,因此如果导入具有 init 函数的包,则会执行该函数 .

    //编辑

    另外,请记住,每个包可以有多个 init() 函数,它们将按照它们在代码中显示的顺序执行(当然,在所有变量初始化之后) .

    //编辑2x

    许多内部Go包使用 init() 初始化表等,例如https://github.com/golang/go/blob/883bc6/src/compress/bzip2/bzip2.go#L480

    //编辑3x

    @benc在同一个包执行顺序中有多个inits:

    似乎init()函数以词汇文件名顺序执行 . Go规范说“鼓励构建系统以词汇文件名顺序向编译器提供属于同一个包的多个文件” . 似乎go build以这种方式工作 .

  • 322

    看到这张照片 . :)

    import --> const --> var --> init()

    • 如果包导入其他包,则首先初始化导入的包 .

    • 然后初始化当前包的常量 .

    • 然后当前包的变量是initialiszd .

    • 最后,调用当前包的 init() 函数 .

    一个包可以有多个init函数(在单个文件中或分布在多个文件中),并按照它们呈现给编译器的顺序调用它们 .

    即使从多个包导入包,也只会初始化一次包 .

  • 4

    要添加的东西(我会在评论中添加,但写这篇文章的时间我还没有足够的声誉)

    在同一个包中有多个inits我还没有找到任何保证的方式来知道它们将以什么顺序运行 . 例如,我有:

    package config
        - config.go
        - router.go
    

    config.gorouter.go 都包含 init() 函数,但是当运行 router.go 的函数首先运行时(这导致我的应用程序出现恐慌) .

    如果您处于多个文件的情况下,每个文件都有自己的 init() 函数,请注意您不能保证在另一个文件之前得到一个文件 . 在他的示例中,最好使用变量赋值作为OneToOne . 最好的部分是:此变量声明将在包中的所有 init() 函数之前发生 .

    例如

    config.go:

    var ConfigSuccess = configureApplication()
    
    func init() {
        doSomething()
    }
    
    func configureApplication() bool {
        l4g.Info("Configuring application...")
        if valid := loadCommandLineFlags(); !valid {
            l4g.Critical("Failed to load Command Line Flags")
            return false
        }
        return true
    }
    

    router.go:

    func init() {
        var (
            rwd string
            tmp string
            ok  bool
        )
        if metapath, ok := Config["fs"]["metapath"].(string); ok {
            var err error
            Conn, err = services.NewConnection(metapath + "/metadata.db")
            if err != nil {
                panic(err)
            }
        }
    }
    

    无论 router.goconfig.go 中是否存在 var ConfigSuccess = configureApplication() ,它都将在运行EITHER init() 之前运行 .

  • 1

    这是另一个例子 - https://github.com/alok87/gobyexample/blob/master/init/init.go

    package main
    
    import (
        "fmt"
    )
    
    func callOut() int {
        fmt.Println("Outside is beinge executed")
        return 1
    }
    
    var test = callOut()
    
    func init() {
        fmt.Println("Init3 is being executed")
    }
    
    func init() {
        fmt.Println("Init is being executed")
    }
    
    func init() {
        fmt.Println("Init2 is being executed")
    }
    
    func main() {
        fmt.Println("Do your thing !")
    }
    

    输出上述程序

    $ go run init/init.go
    Outside is being executed
    Init3 is being executed
    Init is being executed
    Init2 is being executed
    Do your thing !
    
  • 0

    以您为其他用户设计的框架或库为例,这些用户最终将在其代码中使用 main function 来执行他们的应用程序 . 如果用户直接导入库项目的子包,则首先将调用该子包的 initonce ) . 对于库的根包等也一样......

    有很多次 you may want a code block to be executed 没有 main func ,直接或不存在 .

    如果您作为虚构库的开发人员导入具有 init 函数的库的子包,它将首先被调用并且 once ,您没有 main func 但是您需要确保一些变量或表将在其他函数调用之前初始化 .

    要记住并且不要担心的好事是: the init always execute once per application.

    init 执行发生:

    • 在"caller"包的 init 函数之前,

    • 之前,可选地, main func

    • 但是在包级变量之后, var = [...] or cost = [...]

    When you import a package it will run all of its init functions, by order .

    我名为 mime 的库和包级函数将直接使用 mime 标准包来获取已在其 init 函数中初始化的自定义mime类型:

    package mime
    
    import (
        "mime"
        "path/filepath"
    )
    
    var types = map[string]string{
        ".3dm":       "x-world/x-3dmf",
        ".3dmf":      "x-world/x-3dmf",
        ".7z":        "application/x-7z-compressed",
        ".a":         "application/octet-stream",
        ".aab":       "application/x-authorware-bin",
        ".aam":       "application/x-authorware-map",
        ".aas":       "application/x-authorware-seg",
        ".abc":       "text/vndabc",
        ".ace":       "application/x-ace-compressed",
        ".acgi":      "text/html",
        ".afl":       "video/animaflex",
        ".ai":        "application/postscript",
        ".aif":       "audio/aiff",
        ".aifc":      "audio/aiff",
        ".aiff":      "audio/aiff",
        ".aim":       "application/x-aim",
        ".aip":       "text/x-audiosoft-intra",
        ".alz":       "application/x-alz-compressed",
        ".ani":       "application/x-navi-animation",
        ".aos":       "application/x-nokia-9000-communicator-add-on-software",
        ".aps":       "application/mime",
        ".apk":       "application/vnd.android.package-archive",
        ".arc":       "application/x-arc-compressed",
        ".arj":       "application/arj",
        ".art":       "image/x-jg",
        ".asf":       "video/x-ms-asf",
        ".asm":       "text/x-asm",
        ".asp":       "text/asp",
        ".asx":       "application/x-mplayer2",
        ".au":        "audio/basic",
        ".avi":       "video/x-msvideo",
        ".avs":       "video/avs-video",
        ".bcpio":     "application/x-bcpio",
        ".bin":       "application/mac-binary",
        ".bmp":       "image/bmp",
        ".boo":       "application/book",
        ".book":      "application/book",
        ".boz":       "application/x-bzip2",
        ".bsh":       "application/x-bsh",
        ".bz2":       "application/x-bzip2",
        ".bz":        "application/x-bzip",
        ".c++":       "text/plain",
        ".c":         "text/x-c",
        ".cab":       "application/vnd.ms-cab-compressed",
        ".cat":       "application/vndms-pkiseccat",
        ".cc":        "text/x-c",
        ".ccad":      "application/clariscad",
        ".cco":       "application/x-cocoa",
        ".cdf":       "application/cdf",
        ".cer":       "application/pkix-cert",
        ".cha":       "application/x-chat",
        ".chat":      "application/x-chat",
        ".chrt":      "application/vnd.kde.kchart",
        ".class":     "application/java",
        ".com":       "text/plain",
        ".conf":      "text/plain",
        ".cpio":      "application/x-cpio",
        ".cpp":       "text/x-c",
        ".cpt":       "application/mac-compactpro",
        ".crl":       "application/pkcs-crl",
        ".crt":       "application/pkix-cert",
        ".crx":       "application/x-chrome-extension",
        ".csh":       "text/x-scriptcsh",
        ".css":       "text/css",
        ".csv":       "text/csv",
        ".cxx":       "text/plain",
        ".dar":       "application/x-dar",
        ".dcr":       "application/x-director",
        ".deb":       "application/x-debian-package",
        ".deepv":     "application/x-deepv",
        ".def":       "text/plain",
        ".der":       "application/x-x509-ca-cert",
        ".dif":       "video/x-dv",
        ".dir":       "application/x-director",
        ".divx":      "video/divx",
        ".dl":        "video/dl",
        ".dmg":       "application/x-apple-diskimage",
        ".doc":       "application/msword",
        ".dot":       "application/msword",
        ".dp":        "application/commonground",
        ".drw":       "application/drafting",
        ".dump":      "application/octet-stream",
        ".dv":        "video/x-dv",
        ".dvi":       "application/x-dvi",
        ".dwf":       "drawing/x-dwf=(old)",
        ".dwg":       "application/acad",
        ".dxf":       "application/dxf",
        ".dxr":       "application/x-director",
        ".el":        "text/x-scriptelisp",
        ".elc":       "application/x-bytecodeelisp=(compiled=elisp)",
        ".eml":       "message/rfc822",
        ".env":       "application/x-envoy",
        ".eps":       "application/postscript",
        ".es":        "application/x-esrehber",
        ".etx":       "text/x-setext",
        ".evy":       "application/envoy",
        ".exe":       "application/octet-stream",
        ".f77":       "text/x-fortran",
        ".f90":       "text/x-fortran",
        ".f":         "text/x-fortran",
        ".fdf":       "application/vndfdf",
        ".fif":       "application/fractals",
        ".fli":       "video/fli",
        ".flo":       "image/florian",
        ".flv":       "video/x-flv",
        ".flx":       "text/vndfmiflexstor",
        ".fmf":       "video/x-atomic3d-feature",
        ".for":       "text/x-fortran",
        ".fpx":       "image/vndfpx",
        ".frl":       "application/freeloader",
        ".funk":      "audio/make",
        ".g3":        "image/g3fax",
        ".g":         "text/plain",
        ".gif":       "image/gif",
        ".gl":        "video/gl",
        ".gsd":       "audio/x-gsm",
        ".gsm":       "audio/x-gsm",
        ".gsp":       "application/x-gsp",
        ".gss":       "application/x-gss",
        ".gtar":      "application/x-gtar",
        ".gz":        "application/x-compressed",
        ".gzip":      "application/x-gzip",
        ".h":         "text/x-h",
        ".hdf":       "application/x-hdf",
        ".help":      "application/x-helpfile",
        ".hgl":       "application/vndhp-hpgl",
        ".hh":        "text/x-h",
        ".hlb":       "text/x-script",
        ".hlp":       "application/hlp",
        ".hpg":       "application/vndhp-hpgl",
        ".hpgl":      "application/vndhp-hpgl",
        ".hqx":       "application/binhex",
        ".hta":       "application/hta",
        ".htc":       "text/x-component",
        ".htm":       "text/html",
        ".html":      "text/html",
        ".htmls":     "text/html",
        ".htt":       "text/webviewhtml",
        ".htx":       "text/html",
        ".ice":       "x-conference/x-cooltalk",
        ".ico":       "image/x-icon",
        ".ics":       "text/calendar",
        ".icz":       "text/calendar",
        ".idc":       "text/plain",
        ".ief":       "image/ief",
        ".iefs":      "image/ief",
        ".iges":      "application/iges",
        ".igs":       "application/iges",
        ".ima":       "application/x-ima",
        ".imap":      "application/x-httpd-imap",
        ".inf":       "application/inf",
        ".ins":       "application/x-internett-signup",
        ".ip":        "application/x-ip2",
        ".isu":       "video/x-isvideo",
        ".it":        "audio/it",
        ".iv":        "application/x-inventor",
        ".ivr":       "i-world/i-vrml",
        ".ivy":       "application/x-livescreen",
        ".jam":       "audio/x-jam",
        ".jav":       "text/x-java-source",
        ".java":      "text/x-java-source",
        ".jcm":       "application/x-java-commerce",
        ".jfif-tbnl": "image/jpeg",
        ".jfif":      "image/jpeg",
        ".jnlp":      "application/x-java-jnlp-file",
        ".jpe":       "image/jpeg",
        ".jpeg":      "image/jpeg",
        ".jpg":       "image/jpeg",
        ".jps":       "image/x-jps",
        ".js":        "application/javascript",
        ".json":      "application/json",
        ".jut":       "image/jutvision",
        ".kar":       "audio/midi",
        ".karbon":    "application/vnd.kde.karbon",
        ".kfo":       "application/vnd.kde.kformula",
        ".flw":       "application/vnd.kde.kivio",
        ".kml":       "application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml",
        ".kmz":       "application/vnd.google-earth.kmz",
        ".kon":       "application/vnd.kde.kontour",
        ".kpr":       "application/vnd.kde.kpresenter",
        ".kpt":       "application/vnd.kde.kpresenter",
        ".ksp":       "application/vnd.kde.kspread",
        ".kwd":       "application/vnd.kde.kword",
        ".kwt":       "application/vnd.kde.kword",
        ".ksh":       "text/x-scriptksh",
        ".la":        "audio/nspaudio",
        ".lam":       "audio/x-liveaudio",
        ".latex":     "application/x-latex",
        ".lha":       "application/lha",
        ".lhx":       "application/octet-stream",
        ".list":      "text/plain",
        ".lma":       "audio/nspaudio",
        ".log":       "text/plain",
        ".lsp":       "text/x-scriptlisp",
        ".lst":       "text/plain",
        ".lsx":       "text/x-la-asf",
        ".ltx":       "application/x-latex",
        ".lzh":       "application/octet-stream",
        ".lzx":       "application/lzx",
        ".m1v":       "video/mpeg",
        ".m2a":       "audio/mpeg",
        ".m2v":       "video/mpeg",
        ".m3u":       "audio/x-mpegurl",
        ".m":         "text/x-m",
        ".man":       "application/x-troff-man",
        ".manifest":  "text/cache-manifest",
        ".map":       "application/x-navimap",
        ".mar":       "text/plain",
        ".mbd":       "application/mbedlet",
        ".mc$":       "application/x-magic-cap-package-10",
        ".mcd":       "application/mcad",
        ".mcf":       "text/mcf",
        ".mcp":       "application/netmc",
        ".me":        "application/x-troff-me",
        ".mht":       "message/rfc822",
        ".mhtml":     "message/rfc822",
        ".mid":       "application/x-midi",
        ".midi":      "application/x-midi",
        ".mif":       "application/x-frame",
        ".mime":      "message/rfc822",
        ".mjf":       "audio/x-vndaudioexplosionmjuicemediafile",
        ".mjpg":      "video/x-motion-jpeg",
        ".mm":        "application/base64",
        ".mme":       "application/base64",
        ".mod":       "audio/mod",
        ".moov":      "video/quicktime",
        ".mov":       "video/quicktime",
        ".movie":     "video/x-sgi-movie",
        ".mp2":       "audio/mpeg",
        ".mp3":       "audio/mpeg3",
        ".mp4":       "video/mp4",
        ".mpa":       "audio/mpeg",
        ".mpc":       "application/x-project",
        ".mpe":       "video/mpeg",
        ".mpeg":      "video/mpeg",
        ".mpg":       "video/mpeg",
        ".mpga":      "audio/mpeg",
        ".mpp":       "application/vndms-project",
        ".mpt":       "application/x-project",
        ".mpv":       "application/x-project",
        ".mpx":       "application/x-project",
        ".mrc":       "application/marc",
        ".ms":        "application/x-troff-ms",
        ".mv":        "video/x-sgi-movie",
        ".my":        "audio/make",
        ".mzz":       "application/x-vndaudioexplosionmzz",
        ".nap":       "image/naplps",
        ".naplps":    "image/naplps",
        ".nc":        "application/x-netcdf",
        ".ncm":       "application/vndnokiaconfiguration-message",
        ".nif":       "image/x-niff",
        ".niff":      "image/x-niff",
        ".nix":       "application/x-mix-transfer",
        ".nsc":       "application/x-conference",
        ".nvd":       "application/x-navidoc",
        ".o":         "application/octet-stream",
        ".oda":       "application/oda",
        ".odb":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.database",
        ".odc":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart",
        ".odf":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula",
        ".odg":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics",
        ".odi":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image",
        ".odm":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master",
        ".odp":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation",
        ".ods":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet",
        ".odt":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text",
        ".oga":       "audio/ogg",
        ".ogg":       "audio/ogg",
        ".ogv":       "video/ogg",
        ".omc":       "application/x-omc",
        ".omcd":      "application/x-omcdatamaker",
        ".omcr":      "application/x-omcregerator",
        ".otc":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart-template",
        ".otf":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula-template",
        ".otg":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template",
        ".oth":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-web",
        ".oti":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image-template",
        ".otm":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master",
        ".otp":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation-template",
        ".ots":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template",
        ".ott":       "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template",
        ".p10":       "application/pkcs10",
        ".p12":       "application/pkcs-12",
        ".p7a":       "application/x-pkcs7-signature",
        ".p7c":       "application/pkcs7-mime",
        ".p7m":       "application/pkcs7-mime",
        ".p7r":       "application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp",
        ".p7s":       "application/pkcs7-signature",
        ".p":         "text/x-pascal",
        ".part":      "application/pro_eng",
        ".pas":       "text/pascal",
        ".pbm":       "image/x-portable-bitmap",
        ".pcl":       "application/vndhp-pcl",
        ".pct":       "image/x-pict",
        ".pcx":       "image/x-pcx",
        ".pdb":       "chemical/x-pdb",
        ".pdf":       "application/pdf",
        ".pfunk":     "audio/make",
        ".pgm":       "image/x-portable-graymap",
        ".pic":       "image/pict",
        ".pict":      "image/pict",
        ".pkg":       "application/x-newton-compatible-pkg",
        ".pko":       "application/vndms-pkipko",
        ".pl":        "text/x-scriptperl",
        ".plx":       "application/x-pixclscript",
        ".pm4":       "application/x-pagemaker",
        ".pm5":       "application/x-pagemaker",
        ".pm":        "text/x-scriptperl-module",
        ".png":       "image/png",
        ".pnm":       "application/x-portable-anymap",
        ".pot":       "application/mspowerpoint",
        ".pov":       "model/x-pov",
        ".ppa":       "application/vndms-powerpoint",
        ".ppm":       "image/x-portable-pixmap",
        ".pps":       "application/mspowerpoint",
        ".ppt":       "application/mspowerpoint",
        ".ppz":       "application/mspowerpoint",
        ".pre":       "application/x-freelance",
        ".prt":       "application/pro_eng",
        ".ps":        "application/postscript",
        ".psd":       "application/octet-stream",
        ".pvu":       "paleovu/x-pv",
        ".pwz":       "application/vndms-powerpoint",
        ".py":        "text/x-scriptphyton",
        ".pyc":       "application/x-bytecodepython",
        ".qcp":       "audio/vndqcelp",
        ".qd3":       "x-world/x-3dmf",
        ".qd3d":      "x-world/x-3dmf",
        ".qif":       "image/x-quicktime",
        ".qt":        "video/quicktime",
        ".qtc":       "video/x-qtc",
        ".qti":       "image/x-quicktime",
        ".qtif":      "image/x-quicktime",
        ".ra":        "audio/x-pn-realaudio",
        ".ram":       "audio/x-pn-realaudio",
        ".rar":       "application/x-rar-compressed",
        ".ras":       "application/x-cmu-raster",
        ".rast":      "image/cmu-raster",
        ".rexx":      "text/x-scriptrexx",
        ".rf":        "image/vndrn-realflash",
        ".rgb":       "image/x-rgb",
        ".rm":        "application/vndrn-realmedia",
        ".rmi":       "audio/mid",
        ".rmm":       "audio/x-pn-realaudio",
        ".rmp":       "audio/x-pn-realaudio",
        ".rng":       "application/ringing-tones",
        ".rnx":       "application/vndrn-realplayer",
        ".roff":      "application/x-troff",
        ".rp":        "image/vndrn-realpix",
        ".rpm":       "audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin",
        ".rt":        "text/vndrn-realtext",
        ".rtf":       "text/richtext",
        ".rtx":       "text/richtext",
        ".rv":        "video/vndrn-realvideo",
        ".s":         "text/x-asm",
        ".s3m":       "audio/s3m",
        ".s7z":       "application/x-7z-compressed",
        ".saveme":    "application/octet-stream",
        ".sbk":       "application/x-tbook",
        ".scm":       "text/x-scriptscheme",
        ".sdml":      "text/plain",
        ".sdp":       "application/sdp",
        ".sdr":       "application/sounder",
        ".sea":       "application/sea",
        ".set":       "application/set",
        ".sgm":       "text/x-sgml",
        ".sgml":      "text/x-sgml",
        ".sh":        "text/x-scriptsh",
        ".shar":      "application/x-bsh",
        ".shtml":     "text/x-server-parsed-html",
        ".sid":       "audio/x-psid",
        ".skd":       "application/x-koan",
        ".skm":       "application/x-koan",
        ".skp":       "application/x-koan",
        ".skt":       "application/x-koan",
        ".sit":       "application/x-stuffit",
        ".sitx":      "application/x-stuffitx",
        ".sl":        "application/x-seelogo",
        ".smi":       "application/smil",
        ".smil":      "application/smil",
        ".snd":       "audio/basic",
        ".sol":       "application/solids",
        ".spc":       "text/x-speech",
        ".spl":       "application/futuresplash",
        ".spr":       "application/x-sprite",
        ".sprite":    "application/x-sprite",
        ".spx":       "audio/ogg",
        ".src":       "application/x-wais-source",
        ".ssi":       "text/x-server-parsed-html",
        ".ssm":       "application/streamingmedia",
        ".sst":       "application/vndms-pkicertstore",
        ".step":      "application/step",
        ".stl":       "application/sla",
        ".stp":       "application/step",
        ".sv4cpio":   "application/x-sv4cpio",
        ".sv4crc":    "application/x-sv4crc",
        ".svf":       "image/vnddwg",
        ".svg":       "image/svg+xml",
        ".svr":       "application/x-world",
        ".swf":       "application/x-shockwave-flash",
        ".t":         "application/x-troff",
        ".talk":      "text/x-speech",
        ".tar":       "application/x-tar",
        ".tbk":       "application/toolbook",
        ".tcl":       "text/x-scripttcl",
        ".tcsh":      "text/x-scripttcsh",
        ".tex":       "application/x-tex",
        ".texi":      "application/x-texinfo",
        ".texinfo":   "application/x-texinfo",
        ".text":      "text/plain",
        ".tgz":       "application/gnutar",
        ".tif":       "image/tiff",
        ".tiff":      "image/tiff",
        ".tr":        "application/x-troff",
        ".tsi":       "audio/tsp-audio",
        ".tsp":       "application/dsptype",
        ".tsv":       "text/tab-separated-values",
        ".turbot":    "image/florian",
        ".txt":       "text/plain",
        ".uil":       "text/x-uil",
        ".uni":       "text/uri-list",
        ".unis":      "text/uri-list",
        ".unv":       "application/i-deas",
        ".uri":       "text/uri-list",
        ".uris":      "text/uri-list",
        ".ustar":     "application/x-ustar",
        ".uu":        "text/x-uuencode",
        ".uue":       "text/x-uuencode",
        ".vcd":       "application/x-cdlink",
        ".vcf":       "text/x-vcard",
        ".vcard":     "text/x-vcard",
        ".vcs":       "text/x-vcalendar",
        ".vda":       "application/vda",
        ".vdo":       "video/vdo",
        ".vew":       "application/groupwise",
        ".viv":       "video/vivo",
        ".vivo":      "video/vivo",
        ".vmd":       "application/vocaltec-media-desc",
        ".vmf":       "application/vocaltec-media-file",
        ".voc":       "audio/voc",
        ".vos":       "video/vosaic",
        ".vox":       "audio/voxware",
        ".vqe":       "audio/x-twinvq-plugin",
        ".vqf":       "audio/x-twinvq",
        ".vql":       "audio/x-twinvq-plugin",
        ".vrml":      "application/x-vrml",
        ".vrt":       "x-world/x-vrt",
        ".vsd":       "application/x-visio",
        ".vst":       "application/x-visio",
        ".vsw":       "application/x-visio",
        ".w60":       "application/wordperfect60",
        ".w61":       "application/wordperfect61",
        ".w6w":       "application/msword",
        ".wav":       "audio/wav",
        ".wb1":       "application/x-qpro",
        ".wbmp":      "image/vnd.wap.wbmp",
        ".web":       "application/vndxara",
        ".wiz":       "application/msword",
        ".wk1":       "application/x-123",
        ".wmf":       "windows/metafile",
        ".wml":       "text/vnd.wap.wml",
        ".wmlc":      "application/vnd.wap.wmlc",
        ".wmls":      "text/vnd.wap.wmlscript",
        ".wmlsc":     "application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc",
        ".word":      "application/msword",
        ".wp5":       "application/wordperfect",
        ".wp6":       "application/wordperfect",
        ".wp":        "application/wordperfect",
        ".wpd":       "application/wordperfect",
        ".wq1":       "application/x-lotus",
        ".wri":       "application/mswrite",
        ".wrl":       "application/x-world",
        ".wrz":       "model/vrml",
        ".wsc":       "text/scriplet",
        ".wsrc":      "application/x-wais-source",
        ".wtk":       "application/x-wintalk",
        ".x-png":     "image/png",
        ".xbm":       "image/x-xbitmap",
        ".xdr":       "video/x-amt-demorun",
        ".xgz":       "xgl/drawing",
        ".xif":       "image/vndxiff",
        ".xl":        "application/excel",
        ".xla":       "application/excel",
        ".xlb":       "application/excel",
        ".xlc":       "application/excel",
        ".xld":       "application/excel",
        ".xlk":       "application/excel",
        ".xll":       "application/excel",
        ".xlm":       "application/excel",
        ".xls":       "application/excel",
        ".xlt":       "application/excel",
        ".xlv":       "application/excel",
        ".xlw":       "application/excel",
        ".xm":        "audio/xm",
        ".xml":       "text/xml",
        ".xmz":       "xgl/movie",
        ".xpix":      "application/x-vndls-xpix",
        ".xpm":       "image/x-xpixmap",
        ".xsr":       "video/x-amt-showrun",
        ".xwd":       "image/x-xwd",
        ".xyz":       "chemical/x-pdb",
        ".z":         "application/x-compress",
        ".zip":       "application/zip",
        ".zoo":       "application/octet-stream",
        ".zsh":       "text/x-scriptzsh",
        ".docx":      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document",
        ".docm":      "application/vnd.ms-word.document.macroEnabled.12",
        ".dotx":      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template",
        ".dotm":      "application/vnd.ms-word.template.macroEnabled.12",
        ".xlsx":      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
        ".xlsm":      "application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.macroEnabled.12",
        ".xltx":      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template",
        ".xltm":      "application/vnd.ms-excel.template.macroEnabled.12",
        ".xlsb":      "application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.binary.macroEnabled.12",
        ".xlam":      "application/vnd.ms-excel.addin.macroEnabled.12",
        ".pptx":      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation",
        ".pptm":      "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.presentation.macroEnabled.12",
        ".ppsx":      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow",
        ".ppsm":      "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slideshow.macroEnabled.12",
        ".potx":      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template",
        ".potm":      "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.template.macroEnabled.12",
        ".ppam":      "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.addin.macroEnabled.12",
        ".sldx":      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slide",
        ".sldm":      "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slide.macroEnabled.12",
        ".thmx":      "application/vnd.ms-officetheme",
        ".onetoc":    "application/onenote",
        ".onetoc2":   "application/onenote",
        ".onetmp":    "application/onenote",
        ".onepkg":    "application/onenote",
        ".xpi":       "application/x-xpinstall",
    }
    
    func init() {
        for ext, typ := range types {
            // skip errors
            mime.AddExtensionType(ext, typ)
        }
    }
    
    // typeByExtension returns the MIME type associated with the file extension ext.
    // The extension ext should begin with a leading dot, as in ".html".
    // When ext has no associated type, typeByExtension returns "".
    //
    // Extensions are looked up first case-sensitively, then case-insensitively.
    //
    // The built-in table is small but on unix it is augmented by the local
    // system's mime.types file(s) if available under one or more of these
    // names:
    //
    //   /etc/mime.types
    //   /etc/apache2/mime.types
    //   /etc/apache/mime.types
    //
    // On Windows, MIME types are extracted from the registry.
    //
    // Text types have the charset parameter set to "utf-8" by default.
    func TypeByExtension(fullfilename string) string {
        ext := filepath.Ext(fullfilename)
        typ := mime.TypeByExtension(ext)
    
        // mime.TypeByExtension returns as text/plain; | charset=utf-8 the static .js (not always)
        if ext == ".js" && (typ == "text/plain" || typ == "text/plain; charset=utf-8") {
    
            if ext == ".js" {
                typ = "application/javascript"
            }
        }
        return typ
    }
    

    希望能帮助您和其他用户,如果您有更多问题,请不要犹豫再次发帖!

  • 1

    https://golang.org/ref/mem#tmp_4

    程序初始化在单个goroutine中运行,但该goroutine可能会创建其他并发运行的goroutine . 如果包p导入包q,则q的init函数的完成发生在任何p的开始之前 . 函数main.main的开始在所有init函数完成后发生 .

  • 5

    init 将被调用到处使用它的包(无论空白导入还是导入),但只有一次 .

    这是一个包:

    package demo
    
    import (
        "some/logs"
    )
    
    var count int
    
    func init() {
        logs.Debug(count)
    }
    
    // Do do
    func Do() {
        logs.Debug("dd")
    }
    

    任何包(主包或任何测试包)将其导入为空白:

    _ "printfcoder.com/we/models/demo"
    

    或使用它导入它func:

    "printfcoder.com/we/models/demo"
    
    func someFunc(){
       demo.Do()
    }
    

    init只会记录一次 0 . 使用它的第一个包,它的init func将在包的init之前运行 . 所以:

    A调用B,B调用C,所有调用都有init函数,C的init将在B之前运行,B在A之前运行 .

相关问题