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Django REST Serializer方法可写字段

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我正在阅读Django REST Framework，我有一个使用SerializerMethodField()与getter序列化的模型 .

但是，当我POST到此 endpoints 时，我希望能够设置此字段，但这不起作用，因为正如上面的文档所示，您无法写入SerializerMethodField . Django REST中是否有任何方法可以为您定义自定义getter方法的序列化器字段，以及自定义setter方法？

编辑：这是我正在尝试做的事情的来源 . 客户与用户具有一对一的关系 .

class ClientSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    email = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    def create(self, validated_data):
        email = validated_data.get("email", None) # This doesn't work because email isn't passed into validated_data because it's a readonly field
        # create the client and associated user here


    def get_email(self, obj):
        return obj.user.email

    class Meta:
        model = Client
        fields = (
            "id",
            "email",
        )
django rest django-rest-framework serializer

4 回答

  • 2

    您需要使用其他类型的字段：

    class ClientSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    email = serializers.EmailField(source='user.email')

    def create(self, validated_data):
        # DRF will create object {"user": {"email": "inputed_value"}} in validated_date
        email = validated_data.get("user", {}).get('email')

    class Meta:
        model = Client
        fields = (
            "id",
            "email",
        )
    回复于
  • -1

    为什么不在视图中创建客户端呢？

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
    data = {
        'email': request.data.get('email'),
    }

    serializer = ClientSerializer(data=data)
    if serializer.is_valid():
        email = serializer.data.get('email')
        client = Client.objects.create(email=email)
        # do other stuff
    回复于
  • 0

    我遇到了同样的问题，并提出了以下解决方案 .

    请注意，我确实需要在序列化程序中使用 SerializerMethodField ，因为我需要根据 request.user 和某些权限填充字段，这对于 SerializerField 或其他答案中提出的其他解决方案来说太复杂了 .

    解决方案是API视图的 perform_update ，并在那时执行特定的写入（在我的情况下，使用另一个Serializer在正常的顶部） . 我只需要在更新时执行此操作，但如果这是您的用例，则可能需要使用 perform_create .

    它是这样的：

    def perform_update(self, serializer):
        if 'myField' in self.request.data and isinstance(self.request.data['myField'], bool):
        if self.request.user == serializer.instance.owner:
            serializer.instance.myField = self.request.data['myField']
        else:
            # we toggle myField in OtherClass
            try:
                other = models.OtherClass.objects.get(...)
            except models. OtherClass.DoesNotExist:
                return Response("You don't sufficient permissions to run this action.", status=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED)
            except models.OtherClass.MultipleObjectsReturned:  # should never happen...
                return Response("Internal Error: too many instances.", status=status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
            else:
                data = {
                    'myField': self.request.data['myField']
                    ... # filled up with OtherClass params
                }
                otherSerializer = serializers.OtherClassSerializer(other, data=data)
                if otherSerializer.is_valid():
                    otherSerializer.save()
    serializer.save()  # takes care of all the non-read-only fields

    我必须承认，根据MVC模式，它并不理想，但它确实有效 .

    回复于
  • 0

    你可以重复 email 字段，它可以工作，但它可能会让人感到困惑

    class ClientSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    email = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    email = serializers.EmailField(required=False)

    def create(self, validated_data):
        email = validated_data.get("email", None) # This doesn't work because email isn't passed into validated_data because it's a readonly field
        # create the client and associated user here


    def get_email(self, obj):
        return obj.user.email

    class Meta:
        model = Client
        fields = (
            "id",
            "email",
        )
    回复于

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