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使用字段作为Logstash Grok过滤器模式的输入

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我想知道是否可以使用Logstash消息中的字段作为Grok模式的输入 . 假设我有一个看起来像这样的条目:

{
    "message":"10.1.1.1",
    "grok_filter":"%{IP:client}"
}

我希望能够做到这样的事情:

filter {
  grok {
    match => ["message", ["%{grok_filter}"]]
  }
}

问题是这会导致Logstash崩溃,因为它似乎将“%”视为Grok过滤器本身而不是grok_filter的值 . Logstash崩溃后我得到以下内容:

The error reported is: 
  pattern %{grok_filter} not defined

无论如何从Grok过滤器块中获取字段的值并将其用作Grok模式的输入?

1 回答

  • 1

    答案是否定的 - 初始化过滤器时, grok 过滤器会编译其模式 . 如果你需要做类似的事情,你必须编写自己的过滤器,每次编译模式(并支付性能损失) .

    如果不知道为什么要这样做,很难推荐最好的行动方案 . 如果你的模式数量有限,你可以设置一个 grok_filter_type 参数然后有一堆 if [grok_filter_type] == 'ip' { grok { ... } } 类型的东西 .

    这是一个自定义过滤器,可以让你做你想要的 - 它主要是一个grok代码的副本,但有一些变化/简化 . 我测试了它,它似乎对我有用 .

    # encoding: utf-8
    require "logstash/filters/base"
    require "logstash/namespace"
    require "logstash/environment"
    require "set"
    
    # A version of grok that can parse from a log-defined pattern.  Not really
    # recommended for high usage patterns, but for the occassional pattern it
    # should work
    #     filter {
    #       grok_dynamic {
    #         match_field => "message"
    #     pattern_field => "message_pattern"
    #       }
    #     }
    #
    class LogStash::Filters::GrokDynamic < LogStash::Filters::Base
      config_name "grok_dynamic"
      milestone 1
    
      # The field that contains the data to match against
      config :match_field, :validate => :string, :required => true
      # the field that contains the pattern
      config :pattern_field, :validate => :string, :required => true
      # where the patterns are
      config :patterns_dir, :validate => :array, :default => []
    
      # If true, only store named captures from grok.
      config :named_captures_only, :validate => :boolean, :default => true
    
      # If true, keep empty captures as event fields.
      config :keep_empty_captures, :validate => :boolean, :default => false
    
      # Append values to the 'tags' field when there has been no
      # successful match
      config :tag_on_failure, :validate => :array, :default => ["_grokparsefailure"]
    
      # The fields to overwrite.
      #
      # This allows you to overwrite a value in a field that already exists.
      config :overwrite, :validate => :array, :default => []
    
      # Detect if we are running from a jarfile, pick the right path.
      @@patterns_path ||= Set.new
      @@patterns_path += [LogStash::Environment.pattern_path("*")]
    
      public
      def initialize(params)
        super(params)
        @handlers = {}
      end
    
      public
      def register
        require "grok-pure" # rubygem 'jls-grok'
    
        @patternfiles = []
    
        # Have @@patterns_path show first. Last-in pattern definitions win; this
        # will let folks redefine built-in patterns at runtime.
        @patterns_dir = @@patterns_path.to_a + @patterns_dir
        @logger.info? and @logger.info("Grok patterns path", :patterns_dir => @patterns_dir)
        @patterns_dir.each do |path|
          if File.directory?(path)
            path = File.join(path, "*")
          end
    
          Dir.glob(path).each do |file|
            @logger.info? and @logger.info("Grok loading patterns from file", :path => file)
            @patternfiles << file
          end
        end
    
        @patterns = Hash.new { |h,k| h[k] = [] }
    
        @grok = Grok.new
        @patternfiles.each { |path| @grok.add_patterns_from_file(path) }
    
      end # def register
    
      public
      def filter(event)
        return unless filter?(event)
        return if event[@match_field].nil? || event[@pattern_field].nil?
    
        @logger.debug? and @logger.debug("Running grok_dynamic filter", :event => event);
        @grok.compile(event[@pattern_field]);
        if match(@grok,@match_field, event)
          filter_matched(event)
        else
          # Tag this event if we can't parse it. We can use this later to
          # reparse+reindex logs if we improve the patterns given.
          @tag_on_failure.each do |tag|
            event["tags"] ||= []
            event["tags"] << tag unless event["tags"].include?(tag)
          end
        end
    
        @logger.debug? and @logger.debug("Event now: ", :event => event)
      end # def filter
    
      private
      def match(grok, field, event)
        input = event[field]
        if input.is_a?(Array)
          success = true
          input.each do |input|
            match = grok.match(input)
            if match
              match.each_capture do |capture, value|
                handle(capture, value, event)
              end
            else
              success = false
            end
          end
          return success
        #elsif input.is_a?(String)
        else
          # Convert anything else to string (number, hash, etc)
          match = grok.match(input.to_s)
          return false if !match
    
          match.each_capture do |capture, value|
            handle(capture, value, event)
          end
          return true
        end
      rescue StandardError => e
        @logger.warn("Grok regexp threw exception", :exception => e.message)
      end
    
      private
      def handle(capture, value, event)
        handler = @handlers[capture] ||= compile_capture_handler(capture)
        return handler.call(value, event)
      end
    
      private
      def compile_capture_handler(capture)
        # SYNTAX:SEMANTIC:TYPE
        syntax, semantic, coerce = capture.split(":")
    
        # each_capture do |fullname, value|
        #   capture_handlers[fullname].call(value, event)
        # end
    
        code = []
        code << "# for capture #{capture}"
        code << "lambda do |value, event|"
        #code << "  p :value => value, :event => event"
        if semantic.nil?
          if @named_captures_only
            # Abort early if we are only keeping named (semantic) captures
            # and this capture has no semantic name.
            code << "  return"
          else
            field = syntax
          end
        else
          field = semantic
        end
        code << "  return if value.nil? || value.empty?" unless @keep_empty_captures
        if coerce
          case coerce
            when "int"; code << "  value = value.to_i"
            when "float"; code << "  value = value.to_f"
          end
        end
    
        code << "  # field: #{field}"
        if @overwrite.include?(field)
          code << "  event[field] = value"
        else
          code << "  v = event[field]"
          code << "  if v.nil?"
          code << "    event[field] = value"
          code << "  elsif v.is_a?(Array)"
          code << "    event[field] << value"
          code << "  elsif v.is_a?(String)"
          # Promote to array since we aren't overwriting.
          code << "    event[field] = [v, value]"
          code << "  end"
        end
        code << "  return"
        code << "end"
    
        #puts code
        return eval(code.join("\n"), binding, "<grok capture #{capture}>")
      end # def compile_capture_handler
    
    end # class LogStash::Filters::Grok
    

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