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无法安装gem - 无法构建gem native扩展 - 无法加载此类文件 - mkmf(LoadError)

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Ruby 1.9.3

Gemfile的一部分

#...............
gem "pony"
gem "bcrypt-ruby", :require => "bcrypt"
gem "nokogiri" 
#..................

当我尝试安装宝石时,我收到一个错误

alex@ubuntu:~/$ bundle
Fetching gem metadata from http://rubygems.org/.........
Fetching gem metadata from http://rubygems.org/..
Enter your password to install the bundled RubyGems to your system: 
#####............................................................
Installing bcrypt-ruby (3.0.1) with native extensions 
Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require': cannot load such file -- mkmf (LoadError)
        from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'
        from extconf.rb:36:in `<main>'


Gem files will remain installed in /home/alex/.bundler/tmp/5526/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /home/alex/.bundler/tmp/5526/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1/ext/mri/gem_make.out
An error occurred while installing bcrypt-ruby (3.0.1), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install bcrypt-ruby -v '3.0.1'` succeeds before bundling.

然后我就这样做了

sudo gem install bcrypt-ruby -v '3.0.1'
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing bcrypt-ruby:
        ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb
/usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require': cannot load such file -- mkmf (LoadError)
        from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'
        from extconf.rb:36:in `<main>'


Gem files will remain installed in /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1/ext/mri/gem_make.out

并得到一个错误 .

我错过了什么?

8 回答

  • 2
    • 确保已安装 ruby-dev

    • 确保已安装 make

    • 如果仍然出现错误,请查找建议的包 . 如果您尝试安装 gem install pg 之类的东西,则还需要安装lib libpq-devsudo apt-get install libpq-dev ) .

  • 0

    如果将来有人遇到这个问题,我正在使用Mac,只需使用'xcode-select --install'安装命令行工具

  • 4

    它还有助于确保安装libmysqlclient-dev(Ubuntu 14.04)

  • 0

    在Mac中,对我而言,这有效:

    CONFIGURE_OPTS="--enable-shared" rbenv install 2.2.2
    
  • 4

    有类似的问题:

    通常,解决方案是:

    sudo apt-get install ruby-dev

    Or, if that doesn't work, depending on your ruby version ,运行如下:

    sudo apt-get install ruby1.9.1-dev

    应该解决你的问题 .


    还是行不通?安装ruby-dev后尝试以下方法:

    sudo apt-get install make

  • 1

    我在尝试安装jquery-rails时遇到了同样的问题 . 修复是

    sudo apt-get install zlibc zlib1g zlib1g-dev
    
  • 2

    我发现我需要安装另一个版本的ruby . 所以运行命令

    $ sudo apt-get install ruby1.9.1-dev
    

    然后尝试安装扩展

    如果遇到告诉您没有g的问题,可以运行以下命令进行安装

    $ sudo apt-get install g++
    
  • 390

    在搜索了一些解决方案之后,事实证明需要-dev包,而不仅仅是ruby1.8 . 所以,如果你有ruby1.9.1在做

    sudo apt-get install ruby1.9.1-dev
    

    或者要安装通用的ruby版本,请使用(根据@lamplightdev评论):

    sudo apt-get install ruby-dev
    

    应该解决它 .

    尝试找到mkmf以查看文件是否确实存在 .

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