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CRT检测到应用程序在堆缓冲区(新/删除)类结束后写入内存

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我收到“调试错误”CRT检测到应用程序在堆结束后写入内存 . 但我不明白为什么,也找不到任何类似的例子 .

完整的代码是......虽然我认为这可能只是主要问题 .

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include <array>

using namespace std;
// Declare global consts
const double pi = 3.1415926583;


// Base class Shape
class Shape{
protected:
    double *sides;
public:
    Shape(const int n){ //parameterized for n dimensional shape
    sides = new double[n];
}
// need virtual destructor
virtual ~Shape(){
    delete[] sides;
}
virtual double area() const = 0; // pure virtual function for area
virtual double volume() const = 0; // pure virtual function for volume
};

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//Derived classes for 2D and 3D Shapes
class Shape2D : public Shape{ // inherit shape
protected:
    int n = 2; //n denotes the number of dimensions
public:
    // default constructor
    Shape2D() :Shape(n){}
    // param constructor
    Shape2D(const double side1, const double side2) :Shape(n){
        sides[0] = side1; sides[1] = side2;
    }
    virtual ~Shape2D(){} //virtual destructor
    double volume() const { cout << "trying to calculate volume of 2d   shape..." << endl; return 0; };
};

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//2D shapes
class Rectangle : public Shape2D{
public:
    // constructors
    Rectangle() :Shape2D() {}
    Rectangle(const double side1, const double side2) :Shape2D(side1, side2){}
    ~Rectangle(){}
    double area() const { return (sides[0] * sides[1]); }
};

int main(){
    Shape **ShapePointer = new Shape*[2];
    ShapePointer[0] = new Rectangle(2, 5);
    ShapePointer[1] = new Rectangle(1, 3);
    // clean up 
    delete ShapePointer[0];
    delete ShapePointer[1];
    delete[] ShapePointer;
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

2 回答

  • 1

    危险!!!

    protected:
        int n = 2; //n denotes the number of dimensions
    public:
        // default constructor
        Shape2D() :Shape(n){}
    

    n 初始化时未定义 Shape(n)

    同样的问题

    Shape2D(const double side1, const double side2) :Shape(n)
    

    如果可以,将 n 定义为 static const (或 static constexpr ,因为您标记了C 11)

    protected:
        static constexpr int n = 2; //n denotes the number of dimensions
    

    否则,您应该定义一个静态 const / constexpr 变量(比如 nDef ),其值为 2 ,并使用此常量初始化 nShape() .

    无论如何,接受计数,现在, ShapeShape2D 的基类)被初始化 before n ,这是该类的成员 .

  • 4

    问题是以下两行代码: int n = 2; //n denotes the number of dimensions Shape2D(const double side1, const double side2) :Shape(n){ ... }

    问题是 Shape()n 初始化之前执行 . 有关详细信息,请参阅constructors-called-before-initializing-variables .

    解决这个问题的方法是在 Shape 类中创建以下方法

    protected: 
    void InitializeBuffer(const int n)
    {
    sides = new double[n]
    }
    

    而不是初始化父构造函数中的 sides ,在 Shape2D 类的构造函数中调用此 InitializeBuffer

    Shape2D(const double side1, const double side2) :Shape()
    {
        InitializeBuffer (n);
        sides[0] = side1; sides[1] = side2;
    }
    

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