使用FCM从服务器发送推送通知-Java 学习之路

最近我问了一个关于使用GCM发送推送通知的问题：Send push notifications to Android . 现在有了FCM，我想知道它与服务器端开发有多么不同 . 明智的编码，他们是一样的吗？在哪里可以找到示例FCM代码，显示从服务器向Android设备发送推送通知？

我是否需要下载任何JAR库以使用Java代码向FCM发送通知？ Send push notifications to Android中的示例代码显示使用GCM发送推送通知，并且需要服务器端GCM JAR文件 .

但是，https://www.quora.com/How-do-I-make-a-post-request-to-a-GCM-server-in-Java-to-push-a-notification-to-the-client-app中的另一个示例显示使用GCM发送推送通知，并且不需要服务器端GCM JAR文件，因为它只是通过HTTP连接发送 . FCM可以使用相同的代码吗？使用的URL是“https://android.googleapis.com/gcm/send” . 什么是FCM的等效URL？

提前致谢 .

5 回答

29

这直接来自谷歌

您无需为升级进行任何服务器端协议更改 . 服务协议没有改变 . 但请注意，所有新服务器增强功能都将记录在FCM服务器文档中 .

从接收消息开始，只有一些地方只有一点点不同 . 主要是删除一些事情 .

FCM服务器文档可以在这里找到https://firebase.google.com/docs/cloud-messaging/server

回复于 2024-04-27T02:31:50+08:00
1

服务器端编码有何不同？

由于没有太大区别，您也可以查看GCM的大多数示例服务器端代码 . 关于GCM和FCM的主要区别在于，当使用FCM时，您可以使用它的新功能（如answer中所述） . FCM还有Console，您可以从中发送消息/通知，而无需拥有自己的应用服务器 .

NOTE: 创建自己的应用服务器取决于您自己 . 只是声明您可以通过控制台发送消息/通知 .

使用的URL是“https://android.googleapis.com/gcm/send” . 什么是FCM的等效URL？

FCM的等效URL是https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send . 您可以查看此doc了解更多详情 .

干杯! ：d

回复于 2024-04-27T02:31:50+08:00

使用以下代码从FCM服务器发送推送通知：

public class PushNotifictionHelper {
public final static String AUTH_KEY_FCM = "Your api key";
public final static String API_URL_FCM = "https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send";

public static String sendPushNotification(String deviceToken)
        throws IOException {
    String result = "";
    URL url = new URL(API_URL_FCM);
    HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

    conn.setUseCaches(false);
    conn.setDoInput(true);
    conn.setDoOutput(true);

    conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
    conn.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "key=" + AUTH_KEY_FCM);
    conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");

    JSONObject json = new JSONObject();

    json.put("to", deviceToken.trim());
    JSONObject info = new JSONObject();
    info.put("title", "notification title"); // Notification title
    info.put("body", "message body"); // Notification
                                                            // body
    json.put("notification", info);
    try {
        OutputStreamWriter wr = new OutputStreamWriter(
                conn.getOutputStream());
        wr.write(json.toString());
        wr.flush();

        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                (conn.getInputStream())));

        String output;
        System.out.println("Output from Server .... \n");
        while ((output = br.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println(output);
        }
        result = CommonConstants.SUCCESS;
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        result = CommonConstants.FAILURE;
    }
    System.out.println("GCM Notification is sent successfully");

    return result;

}

回复于 2024-04-27T02:31:50+08:00

FULL SOLUTION FOR TOPIC, SINGLE DEVICE AND MULTIPLE DEVICES 创建一个FireMessage类 . 这是数据消息的示例 . 您可以将数据更改为通知 .

public class FireMessage {
private final String SERVER_KEY = "YOUR SERVER KEY";
private final String API_URL_FCM = "https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send";
private JSONObject root;

public FireMessage(String title, String message) throws JSONException {
    root = new JSONObject();
    JSONObject data = new JSONObject();
    data.put("title", title);
    data.put("message", message);
    root.put("data", data);
}


public String sendToTopic(String topic) throws Exception { //SEND TO TOPIC
    System.out.println("Send to Topic");
    root.put("condition", "'"+topic+"' in topics");
    return sendPushNotification(true);
}

public String sendToGroup(JSONArray mobileTokens) throws Exception { // SEND TO GROUP OF PHONES - ARRAY OF TOKENS
    root.put("registration_ids", mobileTokens);
    return sendPushNotification(false);
}

public String sendToToken(String token) throws Exception {//SEND MESSAGE TO SINGLE MOBILE - TO TOKEN
    root.put("to", token);
    return sendPushNotification(false);
}



    private String sendPushNotification(boolean toTopic)  throws Exception {
        URL url = new URL(API_URL_FCM);
        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

        conn.setUseCaches(false);
        conn.setDoInput(true);
        conn.setDoOutput(true);
        conn.setRequestMethod("POST");

        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
        conn.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
        conn.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "key=" + SERVER_KEY);

        System.out.println(root.toString());

        try {
            OutputStreamWriter wr = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
            wr.write(root.toString());
            wr.flush();

            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader( (conn.getInputStream())));

            String output;
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
            while ((output = br.readLine()) != null) {
                builder.append(output);
            }
            System.out.println(builder);
            String result = builder.toString();

            JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(result);

            if(toTopic){
                if(obj.has("message_id")){
                    return  "SUCCESS";
                }
           } else {
            int success = Integer.parseInt(obj.getString("success"));
            if (success > 0) {
                return "SUCCESS";
            }
        }

            return builder.toString();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
           return e.getMessage();
        }

    }

}

并在任何地方打电话 . 服务器和android都可以使用它 .

FireMessage f = new FireMessage("MY TITLE", "TEST MESSAGE");

      //TO SINGLE DEVICE
    /*  String fireBaseToken="c2N_8u1leLY:APA91bFBNFYDARLWC74QmCwziX-YQ68dKLNRyVjE6_sg3zs-dPQRdl1QU9X6p8SkYNN4Zl7y-yxBX5uU0KEKJlam7t7MiKkPErH39iyiHcgBvazffnm6BsKjRCsKf70DE5tS9rIp_HCk";
       f.sendToToken(fireBaseToken); */

    // TO MULTIPLE DEVICE
    /*  JSONArray tokens = new JSONArray();
      tokens.put("c2N_8u1leLY:APA91bFBNFYDARLWC74QmCwziX-YQ68dKLNRyVjE6_sg3zs-dPQRdl1QU9X6p8SkYNN4Zl7y-yxBX5uU0KEKJlam7t7MiKkPErH39iyiHcgBvazffnm6BsKjRCsKf70DE5tS9rIp_HCk");
      tokens.put("c2R_8u1leLY:APA91bFBNFYDARLWC74QmCwziX-YQ68dKLNRyVjE6_sg3zs-dPQRdl1QU9X6p8SkYNN4Zl7y-yxBX5uU0KEKJlam7t7MiKkPErH39iyiHcgBvazffnm6BsKjRCsKf70DE5tS9rIp_HCk");
       f.sendToGroup(tokens);  */

    //TO TOPIC
      String topic="yourTopicName";
       f.sendToTopic(topic);

回复于 2024-04-27T02:31:50+08:00

0
我为 FCM notification Server 创建了一个lib . 就像 GCM lib. 一样使用它

For FCM Server use this code :

GCM Server URL-"android.googleapis.com/gcm/send"

FCM Server URL - "fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send"

使用URL附加 https

Sender objSender = new Sender(gAPIKey);

or

Sender objSender = new Sender(gAPIKey,"SERVER_URL");

由DEFAULT FCM服务器URL分配
```
Message objMessage = new Message.Builder().collapseKey("From FCMServer").timeToLive(3).delayWhileIdle(false)
                .notification(notification)
                .addData("ShortMessage", "Sh").addData("LongMessage", "Long ")
                .build();
        objMulticastResult = objSender.send(objMessage,clientId, 4);
```
- 此lib的依赖性需求与 GCM lib required（jsonsimple.jar）相同 .
- 从FCM_Server.jar下载lib
回复于 2024-04-27T02:31:50+08:00

使用FCM从服务器发送推送通知

5 回答

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