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如何在Nix环境中使macOS框架可用？

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我在macOS 10.13.5上学习编程Rust，我用Nix来控制我的开发环境 .

某些操作（例如包括 jsonwebtoken 库或安装 cargo-watch 模块）会导致构建需要看似未安装的macOS框架 . 我收到此错误消息：

= note: ld: framework not found CoreServices
          clang-5.0: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

error: aborting due to previous error

error: failed to compile `cargo-watch v6.0.0`, intermediate artifacts can be found at `/var/folders/13/84dj8yr54_1c_pn0s8n7444h0000gn/T/cargo-install.lYPZaEduUBdu`

Caused by:
  Could not compile `cargo-watch`.

这是失败的clang命令的缩写版本：

error: linking with `/nix/store/9j864incgjx7kqggbpisdi3nmssy4qm5-clang-wrapper-5.0.2/bin/cc` failed: exit code: 1
  |
  = note: "/nix/store/9j864incgjx7kqggbpisdi3nmssy4qm5-clang-wrapper-5.0.2/bin/cc" "-m64" "-L" ... "/nix/store/rfp87664xzhl6zv7dx5c1hixasqfxkp4-rustc-1.24.0/lib/rustlib/x86_64-apple-darwin/lib/libcompiler_builtins-ba331b20e371c580.rlib" "-framework" "CoreServices" "-framework" "CoreServices" "-l" "System" "-l" "resolv" "-l" "pthread" "-l" "c" "-l" "m"

我发现尝试的唯一一件事就是将框架添加到我的PATH中，但是这个答案是错误的，或者PATH环境变量无法通过货物一直到我正在进行构建的地方 .

我如何告诉clang在哪里寻找框架？它是否涉及对我的工作环境的更改，还是我需要考虑更改我要安装的包装箱的构建过程？

更多信息

我发现了 clang -Xlinker -v 命令，输出非常有趣：

@(#)PROGRAM:ld  PROJECT:ld64-274.2
configured to support archs: armv6 armv7 armv7s arm64 i386 x86_64 x86_64h armv6m armv7k armv7m armv7em (tvOS)
Library search paths:
    /nix/store/ql6xbmdplca4sjpk0pz647p7djzri03c-libc++-5.0.2/lib
    /nix/store/rfp87664xzhl6zv7dx5c1hixasqfxkp4-rustc-1.24.0/lib
    /nix/store/ql6xbmdplca4sjpk0pz647p7djzri03c-libc++-5.0.2/lib
    /nix/store/rfp87664xzhl6zv7dx5c1hixasqfxkp4-rustc-1.24.0/lib
    /nix/store/8ykfqv6jx9jvfhnc4cdygdzg0piy8253-Libsystem-osx-10.11.6/lib
    /nix/store/4papfih2r9xlsl9m7hlisparij8k9zaq-clang-5.0.2-lib/lib
Framework search paths:
    /nix/store/hc6d711vwlwnn9swmkdpi9nbswbqg6h0-CF-osx-10.10.5/Library/Frameworks
    /nix/store/hc6d711vwlwnn9swmkdpi9nbswbqg6h0-CF-osx-10.10.5/Library/Frameworks
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
  "_main", referenced from:
     implicit entry/start for main executable
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
clang-5.0: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

这似乎指向我的Nix shell中缺少的东西，而不是操作系统，甚至 clang 本身 .

macos rust rust-cargo nix

1 回答

  • 4

    显然，Nix既为标准Apple框架提供了包，又为沙箱提供了足以使标准框架不可用的沙箱 .

    我为此解决方案发现的大部分内容来自Use proper SDK and command-line tools on OS X 10.11，然后是检查vim-plugins nix derivation .

    第一步是实际安装我的项目所需的框架 . 他们都住在 nixpkgs.darwin.apple_sdk.frameworks .

    这样做可以使大部分链接正常工作，但是 _CFURLResourceIsReachable 是我平台上未定义的符号 . 我用更新的 NIX_LDFLAGS 变量解决了这个问题（正如vim-plugins nix派生中所建议的那样） . 我的项目的最终结果是这个 shell.nix 文件：

    let
    pkgs = import <stable> {};
    frameworks = pkgs.darwin.apple_sdk.frameworks;
in pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
    name = "orizentic";

    buildInputs = [ pkgs.rustc
                    pkgs.cargo
                    frameworks.Security
                    frameworks.CoreFoundation
                    frameworks.CoreServices
                  ];

    shellHook = ''
        export PS1="[$name] \[$txtgrn\]\u@\h\[$txtwht\]:\[$bldpur\]\w \[$txtcyn\]\$git_branch\[$txtred\]\$git_dirty \[$bldylw\]\$aws_env\[$txtrst\]\$ "
        export NIX_LDFLAGS="-F${frameworks.CoreFoundation}/Library/Frameworks -framework CoreFoundation $NIX_LDFLAGS";
    '';
}

    这给了我 cargo-watch 包（取决于 CoreServices 和 CoreFoundation ） . 它显然也解决了 jsonwebtoken 对 Security 的依赖性，尽管我还没有设法验证它 .

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