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从Android中的视频图像中获取帧

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我已经实现了一个简单的应用程序,在屏幕上显示相机图片 . 我现在要做的是抓取一个帧并将其作为位图处理 . 从我能找到的东西到这一点,这不是一件容易的事 .

我已经尝试使用onPreviewFrame方法,您将当前帧作为字节数组,并尝试使用BitmapFactory类解码它,但它返回null . 帧的格式是无头YUV,可以转换为位图,但在手机上需要太长时间 . 另外我已经读过onPreviewFrame方法在运行时有约束,如果它需要太长时间,应用程序可能会崩溃 .

那么这样做的正确方法是什么?

4 回答

  • 9

    在API 17中,您可以使用'ScriptIntrinsicYuvToRGB'RenderScript从NV21转换为RGBA888 . 这使您可以轻松处理预览帧而无需手动编码/解码帧:

    @Override 
    public void onPreviewFrame(byte[] data, Camera camera) { 
       Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(r.width(), r.height(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        Allocation bmData = renderScriptNV21ToRGBA888(
            mContext,
            r.width(),
            r.height(),
            data);
        bmData.copyTo(bitmap);
    }
    
    public Allocation renderScriptNV21ToRGBA888(Context context, int width, int height, byte[] nv21) {
      RenderScript rs = RenderScript.create(context);
      ScriptIntrinsicYuvToRGB yuvToRgbIntrinsic = ScriptIntrinsicYuvToRGB.create(rs, Element.U8_4(rs));
    
      Type.Builder yuvType = new Type.Builder(rs, Element.U8(rs)).setX(nv21.length);
      Allocation in = Allocation.createTyped(rs, yuvType.create(), Allocation.USAGE_SCRIPT);
    
      Type.Builder rgbaType = new Type.Builder(rs, Element.RGBA_8888(rs)).setX(width).setY(height);
      Allocation out = Allocation.createTyped(rs, rgbaType.create(), Allocation.USAGE_SCRIPT);
    
      in.copyFrom(nv21);
    
      yuvToRgbIntrinsic.setInput(in);
      yuvToRgbIntrinsic.forEach(out);
      return out;
    }
    
  • 10

    好吧我们最终做的是使用onPreviewFrame方法并使用可以在android帮助组中找到的方法在单独的线程中解码数据 .

    decodeYUV(argb8888, data, camSize.width, camSize.height);
    Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(argb8888, camSize.width,
                        camSize.height, Config.ARGB_8888);
    

    ...

    // decode Y, U, and V values on the YUV 420 buffer described as YCbCr_422_SP by Android 
    // David Manpearl 081201 
    public void decodeYUV(int[] out, byte[] fg, int width, int height)
            throws NullPointerException, IllegalArgumentException {
        int sz = width * height;
        if (out == null)
            throw new NullPointerException("buffer out is null");
        if (out.length < sz)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("buffer out size " + out.length
                    + " < minimum " + sz);
        if (fg == null)
            throw new NullPointerException("buffer 'fg' is null");
        if (fg.length < sz)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("buffer fg size " + fg.length
                    + " < minimum " + sz * 3 / 2);
        int i, j;
        int Y, Cr = 0, Cb = 0;
        for (j = 0; j < height; j++) {
            int pixPtr = j * width;
            final int jDiv2 = j >> 1;
            for (i = 0; i < width; i++) {
                Y = fg[pixPtr];
                if (Y < 0)
                    Y += 255;
                if ((i & 0x1) != 1) {
                    final int cOff = sz + jDiv2 * width + (i >> 1) * 2;
                    Cb = fg[cOff];
                    if (Cb < 0)
                        Cb += 127;
                    else
                        Cb -= 128;
                    Cr = fg[cOff + 1];
                    if (Cr < 0)
                        Cr += 127;
                    else
                        Cr -= 128;
                }
                int R = Y + Cr + (Cr >> 2) + (Cr >> 3) + (Cr >> 5);
                if (R < 0)
                    R = 0;
                else if (R > 255)
                    R = 255;
                int G = Y - (Cb >> 2) + (Cb >> 4) + (Cb >> 5) - (Cr >> 1)
                        + (Cr >> 3) + (Cr >> 4) + (Cr >> 5);
                if (G < 0)
                    G = 0;
                else if (G > 255)
                    G = 255;
                int B = Y + Cb + (Cb >> 1) + (Cb >> 2) + (Cb >> 6);
                if (B < 0)
                    B = 0;
                else if (B > 255)
                    B = 255;
                out[pixPtr++] = 0xff000000 + (B << 16) + (G << 8) + R;
            }
        }
    
    }
    

    链接:http://groups.google.com/group/android-developers/browse_thread/thread/c85e829ab209ceea/3f180a16a4872b58?lnk=gst&q=onpreviewframe#3f180a16a4872b58

  • 34

    我实际上尝试了前面给出的代码,发现Colorvalues不准确 . 我通过预览和直接返回JPEG数组的camera.takePicture检查了它 . 而且颜色非常不同 . 经过一点点搜索后,我发现了另一个将PreviewImage从YCrCb转换为RGB的例子:

    static public void decodeYUV420SP(int[] rgb, byte[] yuv420sp, int width, int height) {
        final int frameSize = width * height;
    
        for (int j = 0, yp = 0; j < height; j++) {
            int uvp = frameSize + (j >> 1) * width, u = 0, v = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < width; i++, yp++) {
                int y = (0xff & ((int) yuv420sp[yp])) - 16;
                if (y < 0) y = 0;
                if ((i & 1) == 0) {
                    v = (0xff & yuv420sp[uvp++]) - 128;
                    u = (0xff & yuv420sp[uvp++]) - 128;
                }
                int y1192 = 1192 * y;
                int r = (y1192 + 1634 * v);
                int g = (y1192 - 833 * v - 400 * u);
                int b = (y1192 + 2066 * u);
    
                if (r < 0) r = 0; else if (r > 262143) r = 262143;
                if (g < 0) g = 0; else if (g > 262143) g = 262143;
                if (b < 0) b = 0; else if (b > 262143) b = 262143;
    
                rgb[yp] = 0xff000000 | ((r << 6) & 0xff0000) | ((g >> 2) & 0xff00) | ((b >> 10) & 0xff);
            }
        }
    }
    

    由this和takePicture()给出的颜色值完全匹配 . 我想我应该在这里张贴 . This is where I got this code from.希望这有帮助 .

  • 2

    Tim的RenderScript解决方案很棒 . 这里有两条评论:

    • 创建并重用 RenderScript rsAllocation in, out . 每一帧创建它们都会影响性能 .

    • RenderScript support library可以帮助您支持Android 2.3 .

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