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C# - 将私有属性序列化为属性(数据 Contract )

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学习后我无法序列化类中的私有属性,我开始使用 DataContractDataMember 注释 .

我的类中有一个私有字符串属性,我想将其序列化为属性而不是元素 .

[DataContract]
public class Channel
{
    private string m_Name = string.Empty;
    private DateTime? m_TxTime = null;

    [DataMember, XmlAttribute("name")]
    public string Name
    {
        get
        {
            return m_Name;
        }
        set
        {
            m_Name = value;
        }
    }

    public DateTime? TxTime
    {
        get
        {
            return m_TxTime;
        }
        set
        {
            m_TxTime = value;
        }
    }

    [DataMember, XmlAttribute("txTime")]
    private string txTimeForSerialization
    {
        get
        {
            if (TxTime.HasValue)
            {
                return TxTime.Value.ToString("o");
            }
            else
            {
                return null;
            }
        }
    }
}

试图一起使用 DataMemberXmlAttribute 注释给了我这个输出:

<channel name="NAME">
   <TxTime>2017-03-26T13:15:56.8042989+03:00</TxTime>
</channel>

我想要的结果是 -

<channel name="NAME" txTime="2017-03-26T13:15:56.8042989+03:00" />

我序列化的方式是使用XmlSerializer -

using (FileStream fs = new FileStream("channels.txt", FileMode.Create))
{
    XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Channel));
    serializer.Serialize(fs, objectName);
}

2 回答

  • 0

    为您的类创建“包装器”,它将负责正确的反序列化格式(某种Facade模式)

    [DataContract]
    public class ChannelData
    {
        [DataMember, XmlAttribute("name")]
        public string Name { get; set; }
    
        [DataMember, XmlAttribute("txTime")]
        public string txTimeForSerialization { get; set; }
    }
    

    您可以在 Channel 类中创建创建序列化实例的逻辑,然后责任将序列化逻辑保留在Channel类中 - 这将保持封装 .

    public class Channel
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public DateTime? TxTime { get; set; }
    
        public Channel()
        {
            Name = string.Empty;
            TxtTime = null;
        }
    
        public ChannelData ToSerialization()
        {
            var data = new ChannelData();
            data.Name = Name;
            data.txTimeForSerialization = TxTime.HasValue ? TxTime.Value.ToString("o") : null;
        }
    }
    

    使用包装器,您不需要考虑不同格式的不同“解决方法”,您的“业务层”类将保持“清除”,包装器将处理格式化 .

  • 0

    如果您想坚持使用当前的 Channel 类,则需要实现 IXmlSerializer 接口及其WriteXml方法 . 这是您通过 XmlSerializer 序列化私有属性的唯一方法 .

    public class Channel : IXmlSerializable
    {
        private string m_Name = string.Empty;
        private DateTime? m_TxTime = null;
    
        public string Name
        {
            get
            {
                return m_Name;
            }
            set
            {
                m_Name = value;
            }
        }
    
        public DateTime? TxTime
        {
            get
            {
                return m_TxTime;
            }
            set
            {
                m_TxTime = value;
            }
        }
    
        private string txtTimeForSerialization
        {
            get
            {
                if (TxTime.HasValue)
                {
                    return TxTime.Value.ToString("o");
                }
                else
                {
                    return null;
                }
            }
        }
    
        public XmlSchema GetSchema()
        {
            return null;
        }
    
        public void ReadXml(XmlReader reader)
        {
            //implement reader if needed...
        }
    
        public void WriteXml(XmlWriter writer)
        {
            writer.WriteAttributeString("name", this.Name);
            writer.WriteAttributeString("txtTime", this.txtTimeForSerialization);
        }
    }
    

    通过实现 IXmlSerializable ,您不再需要使用属性,并且用于写入channels.txt的代码将保持不变:

    using (FileStream fs = new FileStream("channels.txt", FileMode.Create))
    {
        XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Channel));
        serializer.Serialize(fs, objectName);
    }
    

    这是输出:

    <?xml version="1.0"?>
    <Channel name="NAME" txtTime="2017-03-26T12:57:25.6780078Z" />
    

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