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计算二进制搜索的比较次数

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我希望能够计算二进制搜索在我的代码中进行比较的次数 . 基本上,我正在处理的程序输出一个未排序的数组,然后用户输入一个数字,它在数组中找到数字,并吐出它所做的比较次数(气泡交换)和它所在的索引 . 然后它吐出排序的数组并要求用户输入另一个数字 .

问题:我似乎无法弄清楚如何计算二进制搜索必须做的比较次数,以确定数字是否在数字列表中 .

码:

class Lab3
{
    static int[] intArray = {17,  166,  288,  324,  531,  792,  946,  157,      276,  441, 533, 355, 228, 879, 100, 421, 23, 490, 259, 227,
                             216, 317, 161, 4, 352, 463, 420, 513, 194, 299, 25, 32, 11, 943, 748, 336, 973, 483, 897, 396,
                             10, 42, 334, 744, 945, 97, 47, 835, 269, 480, 651, 725, 953, 677, 112, 265, 28, 358, 119, 784,
                             220, 62, 216, 364, 256, 117, 867, 968, 749, 586, 371, 221, 437, 374, 575, 669, 354, 678, 314, 450,
                             808, 182, 138, 360, 585, 970, 787, 3, 889, 418, 191, 36, 193, 629, 295, 840, 339, 181, 230, 150 };
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        // Prints unsorted array
        PrintArray(intArray);

        // Gets user input and then checks if it's inside the array, if not it outputs that it isn't, that's all this does.
        SearchIntArray(intArray);

        // Bubble swap kicks in and sorts the array
        BubbleSort(intArray);

       // Binary Search kicks in and searches for the second user input to see if it's in the array and gives the index that it's at. 
        BinarySearch(intArray);
     }

   // This checks to see whether or not the int entered by the user is actually in the array, pretty straightforward stuff
    static int SearchIntArray(int[] intArray)
    {
        // get user input to check array for number
        Console.Write("Enter an integer: ");
        int guess = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
        Console.WriteLine("The number you entered is " + guess);

        // sort through array to find the number entered by the user 
        int index = 0;
        int numOfSwaps = 0;
        while (index < intArray.Length && guess != intArray[index])
        {
            index++;
        }
        numOfSwaps = index;
        if (index >= intArray.Length)
            Console.Write("Made 100 comparions, the number " + guess + " was not found in the unsorted array");
        else Console.Write("Made " + (numOfSwaps+1) + " comparisons to find " + guess + " is at index " + index + " in the unsorted array");
       //Adds blank lines
        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine();

        Console.Write("Number of comparisons: 4884");

        // adds blank lines

        Console.WriteLine();

        int niddleIndex = -1;
         return niddleIndex;
    }
    static int BubbleSort(int[] arr)
    {
        int numOfSwaps = 0;

        // Bubble swap kicks in and sorts the array
        Console.WriteLine("The sorted array: ");
        int temp = 0;

        for (int write = 0; write < intArray.Length; write++)
        {
            for (int sort = 0; sort < intArray.Length - 1; sort++)
            {
                if (intArray[sort] > intArray[sort + 1])
                {
                    temp = intArray[sort + 1];
                    intArray[sort + 1] = intArray[sort];
                    intArray[sort] = temp;
                }
            }
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < intArray.Length; i++)
            Console.Write(intArray[i] + ", ");
       //Adds a blank line
        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine();

        Console.WriteLine("In total, swapped 2344 times to sort this array");
       //Adds a blank line
        Console.WriteLine();
        return numOfSwaps;
    }


    static int BinarySearch(int[] intArray)
    {
        int x = 101;

        // parses the user input into the int secondInputParsed
        Console.Write("Enter an integer: ");
        Console.WriteLine();
        string secondInput = Console.ReadLine();
        int secondInputParsed = Int32.Parse(secondInput);


        int low = 0;
        int high = x - 1;
        while (low <= high)
        {
            int mid = (low + high) / 2;
            if (secondInputParsed < intArray[mid])
                high = mid - 1;
            else if (secondInputParsed > intArray[mid])
                low = mid + 1;
            else if (secondInputParsed == intArray[mid])
            {

                // Only problem I'm having is to get the number of searches for the binary search, just that, everything else works good! 
                Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine("Made " + low + " comparisons to find {0} is at index {1} in the sorted array, using Binary Search", secondInputParsed, mid);
                Console.WriteLine();
                Console.WriteLine("Press anything to exit the program");
                Console.ReadLine();
                return -1; 
            }
        }
        Console.WriteLine("Made 7 comparisons to find " + secondInput + " is not in the sorted array, using Binary Search");
        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine("Press anything to exit the program");
        Console.ReadLine();
        return -1;

    }

    //call this method to print an integer array to the console.
    static void PrintArray(int[] arr)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("The unsorted array: ");

        for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++)
        {
            if (i != arr.Length - 1)
            {
                Console.Write("{0}, ", arr[i]);
            }
            else
            {
                Console.Write("{0} ", arr[i]);
            }
        }

        // These create 2 blank lines between the printArray and to get the user input. Makes it look nicer, that's all.
        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine();
    }
}

}

1 回答

  • 0

    你've got different results because your variation works slightly faster in some cases. Binary search depends on how you split the data (i.e. if you'有7个元素,第一组可能是3或4个元素,在这里你可能或多或少幸运) . 但是,您从 high 的错误值开始,它可能导致异常(尝试在程序中输入1500) . 该数组有100个元素,但它们的编号从0到99,而不是从1到100.如果从low = 0和hight = 100开始,则数组必须包含101个元素!有一个错误的 high 你计算错误 mid 然后比算法的经典版本更幸运,这个shell看起来像这样:

    int low = 0;
    int high =  intArray.Length - 1;
    var count = 0;
    while (low <= high)
    {
         count++;
         int mid = (low + high) / 2;
         if (secondInputParsed < intArray[mid])
               high = mid - 1;
         else if (secondInputParsed > intArray[mid])
               low = mid + 1;
         else 
         {
               Console.WriteLine();
               Console.WriteLine("Made {2} comparisons to find {0} is at index {1} in the sorted array, using Binary Search", secondInputParsed, mid, count);
                    ...
         }
    }
    Console.WriteLine("Made {0} comparisons to find {1} is not in the sorted array, using Binary Search", count, secondInput);
    

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