在多列上对DataGridView进行排序？

5 回答

• 2

  这是一个像google电子表格一样的示例 - 单击每列按此列排序，然后再次单击列交换搜索方向 . 此外，它按照您单击列的历史记录的相反顺序进行搜索，即如果单击列D然后是B然后是C然后是A，在最后一次点击它将按A，C，B，D列排序，并在最近点击该列时搜索的每个方向排序 .

  它依赖于DataGridView内置的这些功能：

  • 如果DataGridView有一个DataView作为其DataSource，那么为该DataView设置Sort字符串会立即导致DataView排序，并且该排序会立即显示在绑定的DataGridView控件中

  • 排序字符串可以包含多个列，每个列都可以指示对ASC或DESC进行排序

  • 当您设置DataView的排序字符串（从而使其排序）时，它所绑定的DataGridView将根据排序字符串中的第一项（名称和方向）自动添加适当的上下字形

  我们从分拣机对象开始：

  internal class Sorter 
  {
      internal readonly string ColumnName;
      internal bool IsAscending;
  
      internal Sorter(string columnName, bool isAscending)
      {
          this.ColumnName = columnName;
          this.IsAscending = isAscending;
      }
  
      public override bool Equals(object other)
      {  // For equivalence, compare column name only (not object ref or sort order)
          if (other == null) { return false; }
          if (other.GetType() != typeof(Sorter)) { return false; }
          return this.ColumnName == ((Sorter)other).ColumnName;
      }
  
      public override int GetHashCode()
      { // required if we have overridden Equals
          return this.ColumnName.GetHashCode();
      }
  
      public override string ToString()
      {
          return this.ColumnName + (this.IsAscending ? " ASC" : " DESC");
      }
  }
  

  然后将我们的Sorter对象收集到Sorters类中：

  using System.Collections.Generic;
  using System.Linq;
  
  internal class Sorters : List<Sorter>
  {
      internal void BringColumnToFrontOfSortingOrder(Sorter sorter)
      {
          if (this.Contains<Sorter>(sorter))
          {
              this.Remove(sorter); // remove it from where it is
          }
          // put it at the start
          this.Insert(0, sorter);
      }
  
      // Returns a DataView sorting string like "ColName1 ASC, ColName2 DESC" etc
      public override string ToString()
      {
          var s = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
          foreach (Sorter sorter in this)
          {
              if (s.Length > 0) { s.Append(", "); }
              s.Append(sorter.ToString());
          }
          return s.ToString();
      }
  }
  

  我创建了自己的MultiSortingDataGridView类，派生自DataGridView，使用重写的Sort方法跟踪您单击的列，并根据列的历史记录导致一种DataView作为网格的绑定DataSource排序点击：

  using System.Data;
  using System.Windows.Forms;
  using System.ComponentModel;
  
  public class MultiSortingDataGridView : DataGridView // derive from DataGridView and extend it
  {
      private Sorters _sorters = new Sorters(); // keeping track of what column(s) we have searched by
  
      // override the regular search with our super duper multi-column search
      public override void Sort(DataGridViewColumn dataGridViewColumn, ListSortDirection direction)
      {
          Sorter sorter = new Sorter(dataGridViewColumn.Name, direction == ListSortDirection.Ascending);
          this._sorters.BringColumnToFrontOfSortingOrder(sorter);
  
          // Get the data view that is our data source
          DataView vw = (DataView)this.DataSource;
  
          // When you set the Sort property, it causes it to sort, and happily it sets
          // the up/down glyph of the column that corresponds to your first sort-by item.
          vw.Sort = this._sorters.ToString();
      }
  }
  

  然后在我的表单中，我确保使用MultiSortingDataGridView控件（如上所述）而不是常规的DataGridView，并设置其数据源如下：

  DataTable tbl = SomeMethodForGettingMyTabularData(); // instantiate a data table with the data you want to show
  DataView vw = new DataView(tbl); // make a data view from it
  this.dgv.DataSource = vw; // bind the view as data source to my MultiSortingDataGridView control
  

  回复于 2024-04-23T15:32:58+08:00
• 4

  我第一次看到这个，我完全错过了同时按多列排序的部分（我的错，不是你的;问题非常清楚） .

  如果是这种情况，您将不得不编写自己处理此问题的代码 . 默认情况下，提供的 DataGridView 控件不支持多列排序 . 幸运的是，其他人已经为你实现了很多工作 . 以下是一些示例：

  • DataGridView Multi-column Sort（CodeProject）

  • How To Allow To Sort By Multiple Columns in Custom Data Binding（CodeProject）

  或者，如果将 DataGridView 绑定到数据源，则可以在多个列上对该数据源进行排序，并且 DataGridView 控件将遵循该排序 . 任何实现 IBindingListView 并公开 Sort 属性的数据源都可用于多列排序 .

  但是，无论您选择启用多列排序的路径如何，在强制 DataGridView 在多列上显示排序箭头标志符号方面都不会有太大成功 . 这里最简单的解决方案是自定义绘制列 Headers 以提供您自己的排序标志符号 .

  为此，请将处理程序附加到DataGridView.CellPainting event并检查 RowIndex 为-1（表示列 Headers ） . 有一个所有者绘制的列 Headers here的完整示例 . 我强烈建议坚持使用传统的箭头图标，但一旦你走这条路线，选项真的是无限的 . 您可以使列 Headers 看起来像您想要的任何内容，甚至可以使用不同的图标指示排序顺序中每列的相对权重 .

  您还可以选择从DataGridViewColumnHeaderCell派生新类并覆盖其Paint method . 这可能是一种更清洁，更面向对象的方式来完成同样的事情 .

  回复于 2024-04-23T15:32:58+08:00
• 3

  DataGridView 在所有情况下都绑定到 DataSource （DataView，BindingSource，Table，DataSet "tablename"），它引用 DataView . 获取对此DataView的引用并根据需要设置 Sort （和 Filter ）：

  DataView dv = null;
  CurrencyManager cm = (CurrencyManager)(dgv.BindingContext[dgv.DataSource, dgv.DataMember]);
  
  if (cm.List is BindingSource)
  {
      // In case of BindingSource it may be chain of BindingSources+relations
      BindingSource bs = (BindingSource)cm.List;
      while (bs.List is BindingSource)
      { bs = bs.List as BindingSource; }
  
      if (bs.List is DataView)
      { dv = bs.List as DataView; }
  }
  else if (cm.List is DataView)
  {
      // dgv bind to the DataView, Table or DataSet+"tablename"
      dv = cm.List as DataView;
  }
  
  if (dv != null)
  {
      dv.Sort = "somedate desc, firstname";
      // dv.Filter = "lastname = 'Smith' OR lastname = 'Doe'";
  
      //  You can Set the Glyphs something like this:
      int somedateColIdx = 5;    // somedate
      int firstnameColIdx = 3;   // firstname
      dgv.Columns[somedateColIdx].HeaderCell.SortGlyphDirection = SortOrder.Descending;
      dgv.Columns[firstnameColIdx].HeaderCell.SortGlyphDirection = SortOrder.Ascending;
  }
  

  注意： Column names used in Sort and Filter correspond to the column names in DataTable ，DataGridView中的列名是用于绑定的基础数据属性名称（类的属性名称，DataTables的列名称等） . 您可以像这样在DataView中使用列名：

  string colName = dgv.Columns[colIdx].DataPropertyName
  

  取决于您如何跟踪排序列（colSequence，colName，asc / desc，dgvColIdx），您可以决定如何构建Sort和Filter表达式并在dgv中设置SortGlyph（为简单起见，我制作了硬编码） .

  回复于 2024-04-23T15:32:58+08:00
• 0

  好 .

  根据Cody的上述建议，我现在有了一些似乎按预期工作的东西 . 我已经对HeaderCell进行了分类并覆盖了Paint方法（但是通过在base.Paint之前立即设置SortGlyphDirection来欺骗），DGV现在绘制了多个排序字形 .

  using System;
  using System.Collections.Generic;
  using System.Linq;
  using System.Windows.Forms;
  
  namespace WindowsFormsApplication4
  {
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
       DataSet1 dataset;
  
       public Form1()
       {
          InitializeComponent();
  
          dataset = new DataSet1(); // three columns: Priority(Int32), Date (DateTime) and Description(String)
          dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(1, DateTime.Parse("01-jan-10"), "this");
          dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(1, DateTime.Parse("02-jan-10"), "is");
          dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(1, DateTime.Parse("03-jan-10"), "a");
          dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(2, DateTime.Parse("04-jan-10"), "sample");
          dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(2, DateTime.Parse("05-jan-10"), "of");
          dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(2, DateTime.Parse("06-jan-10"), "the");
          dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(3, DateTime.Parse("07-jan-10"), "data");
          dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(3, DateTime.Parse("08-jan-10"), "in");
          dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(3, DateTime.Parse("09-jan-10"), "use");
  
          dataGridView1.DataSource = dataset.DataTable1.DefaultView;
  
          dataGridView1.AllowUserToAddRows = false;
  
          dataGridView1.Columns[0].HeaderCell = new MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell();
          dataGridView1.Columns[1].HeaderCell = new MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell();
  
          dataGridView1.Columns[0].SortMode = DataGridViewColumnSortMode.Programmatic;
          dataGridView1.Columns[1].SortMode = DataGridViewColumnSortMode.Programmatic;
       }
  
       private void dataGridView1_ColumnHeaderMouseClick(object sender, DataGridViewCellMouseEventArgs e)
       {
          DataGridViewColumn clickedColumn = dataGridView1.Columns[e.ColumnIndex];
  
          if (clickedColumn.HeaderCell is MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell)
          {
             DoMultiColumnSort();
          }
          else
          {
             dataGridView1.Columns.OfType<DataGridViewColumn>()
                                  .Where(column => column.HeaderCell is MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell)
                                  .ForEach(column => ((MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell)column.HeaderCell).SortOrderDirection = SortOrder.None);
          }
  
          this.textBox1.Text = dataset.DataTable1.DefaultView.Sort;
       }
  
       private void DoMultiColumnSort()
       {
          var sortClauses = dataGridView1.Columns.OfType<DataGridViewColumn>()
                                                 .Where(column => column.HeaderCell is MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell)
                                                 .Select(column => GetSortClause(column));
  
          dataset.DataTable1.DefaultView.Sort = String.Join(",", sortClauses);
       }
  
       private String GetSortClause(DataGridViewColumn column)
       {
          SortOrder direction = column.HeaderCell.SortGlyphDirection;
  
          if (column.HeaderCell is MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell)
          {
             direction = ((MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell)column.HeaderCell).SortOrderDirection;
          }
  
          return column.DataPropertyName + " " + (direction == SortOrder.Descending ? "DESC" : "ASC");
       }
    }
  
    public partial class MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell : DataGridViewColumnHeaderCell
    {
       public SortOrder SortOrderDirection { get; set; } // defaults to zero = SortOrder.None;
  
       protected override void Paint(System.Drawing.Graphics graphics, System.Drawing.Rectangle clipBounds, System.Drawing.Rectangle cellBounds, int rowIndex, DataGridViewElementStates dataGridViewElementState, object value, object formattedValue, string errorText, DataGridViewCellStyle cellStyle, DataGridViewAdvancedBorderStyle advancedBorderStyle, DataGridViewPaintParts paintParts)
       {
          this.SortGlyphDirection = this.SortOrderDirection;
          base.Paint(graphics, clipBounds, cellBounds, rowIndex, dataGridViewElementState, value, formattedValue, errorText, cellStyle, advancedBorderStyle, paintParts);
       }
  
       public override object Clone()
       {
          MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell result = (MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell)base.Clone();
          result.SortOrderDirection = this.SortOrderDirection;
          return result;
       }
  
       protected override void OnClick(DataGridViewCellEventArgs e)
       {
          this.SortOrderDirection = (this.SortOrderDirection != SortOrder.Ascending) ? SortOrder.Ascending : SortOrder.Descending;
          base.OnClick(e);
       }
    }
  
    public static partial class Extensions
    {
       public static void ForEach<T>(this IEnumerable<T> value, Action<T> action) { foreach (T item in value) { action(item); } }
    }
  }
  

  回复于 2024-04-23T15:32:58+08:00
• 7

  我在这里从来没有回答过一个问题，所以如果格式不正确我会道歉，但我找到了这个问题的答案，这对未来的访问者来说可能更简单 . （见http://www.pcreview.co.uk/threads/datagridview-glyphs.3145090/）

  Dim dictionarySortColumns As New Dictionary(Of String, Integer)
  
  
  Private Sub DataGridViewFileLoader_Sorted(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles DataGridViewFileLoader.Sorted
  
  
      Dim dv As New DataView(dataSetLoadScreener.Tables(0))
      Dim columnHeader As String = DataGridViewFileLoader.SortedColumn.Name
  
      Dim sortDirection As Integer = DataGridViewFileLoader.SortOrder
      Dim sortcode As String = ""
      Dim sortOrder As String = ""
  
      If sortDirection = 1 Then
          sortOrder = "ASC"
      Else
          sortOrder = "DESC"
      End If
  
      If dictionarySortColumns.ContainsKey(columnHeader) Then
          dictionarySortColumns.Remove(columnHeader)
      End If
  
      sortcode = columnHeader + " " + sortOrder
  
      For Each colHeader As String In dictionarySortColumns.Keys
          If dictionarySortColumns(colHeader) = 1 Then
              sortOrder = "ASC"
          Else
              sortOrder = "DESC"
          End If
  
          sortcode = sortcode + "," + colHeader + " " + sortOrder
  
      Next
  
      dictionarySortColumns.Add(columnHeader, sortDirection)
  
      dv.Sort = sortcode
      DataGridViewFileLoader.DataSource = Nothing
      DataGridViewFileLoader.DataSource = dv
  
      formatDataGridViewFileLoader()
  
  End Sub
  
   Private Sub DataGridViewFileLoader_CellPainting(sender As Object, e As DataGridViewCellPaintingEventArgs) Handles DataGridViewFileLoader.CellPainting
      Dim sOrder As System.Windows.Forms.SortOrder
  
      For Each key As String In dictionarySortColumns.Keys
          If dictionarySortColumns(key) = 1 Then
              sOrder = Windows.Forms.SortOrder.Ascending
          Else
              sOrder = Windows.Forms.SortOrder.Descending
          End If
  
          DataGridViewFileLoader.Columns(key).HeaderCell.SortGlyphDirection = sOrder
      Next
  End Sub
  

  回复于 2024-04-23T15:32:58+08:00