为什么messageConverter.fromMessage（）没有转换arraylist？ java.lang.ClassCastException：java.lang.String无法强制转换

我想发送一条包含销售清单的JMS消息，并通过 onMessage() 接收它 . 据我所知， springframework.jms.support.converter.MessageConverter 应该扮演转换或转换消息的角色，所以我不必创建XSD或额外的映射类 . 我的意思是，我期待测试波纹管发送一条消息，并且 (SalesMessage) messageConverter.fromMessage(message) 足以转换并实现 SalesMessage 的对象 .

基本上，错误是 java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.String cannot be cast to ...SalesMessage .

我的考试

AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context;
MyMessageSender ms;
JmsListenerEndpointRegistry bean;

@Before
public void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {

    context =  new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);
    ms = context.getBean(MyMessageSender.class);
}

@Test
public void test2() {

    Sale s = new Sale("product_type", 1L);
    List<Sale> l = new ArrayList<Sale>();
    l.add(s);

    SalesMessage sm = new SalesMessage(l, 1);

    ms.sendMessage(sm.toString());

    bean = context.getBean(JmsListenerEndpointRegistry.class);
    for (MessageListenerContainer listenerContainer : bean.getListenerContainers()) {
        DefaultMessageListenerContainer container = (DefaultMessageListenerContainer) listenerContainer;
        container.shutdown();
    }

}

MyJmsListener

@Component
    public class MyJmsListener {

         @Autowired
         private MessageConverter messageConverter;

        @JmsListener(destination = AppConfig.QUEUE_NAME)
        public void handleMessage(Message message) {
            try {
                System.out.println("received: "+message);
//this prints received: ActiveMQTextMessage {commandId = 5, ..., jmsXGroupFirstForConsumer = false, text = SalesMessage [sales=[Sale [product_type=produ...ssageType=1]}
                SalesMessage salesMessage = (SalesMessage) messageConverter.fromMessage(message); // <<< here is the focus of my question
                System.out.println("salesMessage: "+salesMessage);
            }
            catch(JMSException e) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }
    }

Spring Config

@Configuration
@ComponentScan
@EnableJms
public class AppConfig {
    public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "example.queue";

    @Bean
    public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory =
                new ActiveMQConnectionFactory("vm://localhost");
        return connectionFactory;
    }

    @Bean
    public JmsListenerContainerFactory jmsListenerContainerFactory() {
        DefaultJmsListenerContainerFactory factory =
                new DefaultJmsListenerContainerFactory();
        factory.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory());
        //core poll size=4 threads and max poll size 8 threads
        factory.setConcurrency("4-8");
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean
    MessageConverter converter(){
        return new SimpleMessageConverter();
    }
}

SalesMessage类

public class SalesMessage  implements Serializable{
    List<Sale> sales = new ArrayList<Sale>();
    int messageType;
    //getters/setters/toString()

销售课程

public class Sale  implements Serializable{
    private String product_type;
    private Long value;
//getters/setters/toString()

发送消息

@Component
public class MyMessageSender {

    @Autowired
    private ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
    private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;

    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        this.jmsTemplate = new JmsTemplate(connectionFactory);
    }

    public void sendMessage(String message) {
        System.out.println("sending: " + message);
        jmsTemplate.send(AppConfig.QUEUE_NAME, new MessageCreator() {
            @Override
            public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
                return session.createTextMessage(message);
            }
        });
    }
}

***编辑了Spring Config updqted

@Configuration
@ComponentScan
@EnableJms
public class AppConfig {
    public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "example.queue";

    @Bean
    public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory("vm://localhost");
        return connectionFactory;
    }

    @Bean
    public JmsListenerContainerFactory jmsListenerContainerFactory() {
        DefaultJmsListenerContainerFactory factory = new DefaultJmsListenerContainerFactory();
        factory.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory());
        // core poll size=4 threads and max poll size 8 threads
        factory.setConcurrency("4-8");
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean
    public MessageConverter jacksonJmsMessageConverter() {
        MappingJackson2MessageConverter converter = new MappingJackson2MessageConverter();
        converter.setTargetType(MessageType.TEXT);
        converter.setTypeIdPropertyName("_type");
        return converter;
    }

    @Bean
    public JmsTemplate jmsTemplate() {
        JmsTemplate template = new JmsTemplate();
        template.setMessageConverter(jacksonJmsMessageConverter());
        template.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory());
        return template;
    }

***编辑当我在Listener一侧打印消息时，我得到了

received：ActiveMQObjectMessage {commandId = 5，responseRequired = true，messageId = ID：win10-cha-51561-1509914170598-4：2：1：1：1，originalDestination = null，originalTransactionId = null，producerId = ID：win10-cha -51561-1509914170598-4：2：1：1，destination = queue：//example.queue，transactionId = null，expiration = 0，timestamp = 1509914232995，arrival = 0，brokerInTime = 1509914232995，brokerOutTime = 1509914233010，correlationId = null ，replyTo = null，persistent = true，type = null，priority = 4，groupID = null，groupSequence = 0，targetConsumerId = null，compressed = false，userID = null，content = org.apache.activemq.util.ByteSequence@24f339bf ，marshalledProperties = null，dataStructure = null，redeliveryCounter = 0，size = 1346，properties = null，readOnlyProperties = true，readOnlyBody = true，droppable = false，jmsXGroupFirstForConsumer = false}

和SalesMessage salesMessage =（SalesMessage）messageConverter.fromMessage（message）引发此异常

org.springframework.jms.support.converter.MessageConversionException：无法在目标[queue：]上找到消息[ID：win10-cha-51561-1509914170598-4：2：1：1：1]的类型id属性[_type] //example.queue]

在发送方面，我打印消息

SalesMessage [sales=[Sale [product_type=product_type, value=1]], messageType=1]

并且，这是我更新的完整应用程序配置（我按照提供的建议）

@Configuration
@ComponentScan
@EnableJms
public class AppConfig {
    public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "example.queue";

    @Bean
    public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory("vm://localhost");
        return connectionFactory;
    }

    @Bean
    public JmsListenerContainerFactory jmsListenerContainerFactory() {
        DefaultJmsListenerContainerFactory factory = new DefaultJmsListenerContainerFactory();
        factory.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory());
        factory.setConcurrency("4-8");
        factory.setMessageConverter(jacksonJmsMessageConverter());
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean 
    public MessageConverter jacksonJmsMessageConverter() {
        MappingJackson2MessageConverter converter = new MappingJackson2MessageConverter();
        converter.setTargetType(MessageType.TEXT);
        converter.setTypeIdPropertyName("_type");


        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();

        objectMapper.configure(MapperFeature.DEFAULT_VIEW_INCLUSION, false);
        objectMapper.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);

        converter.setObjectMapper(objectMapper);
        return converter;
    }
}

并且，这是我在最后一个建议之后发送消息的方式（重大更改是从jmsTemplate.send到jmsTemplate.convertAndSend）：

@Component
public class MyMessageSender {

    @Autowired
    private ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
    private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;

    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        this.jmsTemplate = new JmsTemplate(connectionFactory);
    }

    public void sendMessage(SalesMessage  message) {
        System.out.println("sending: " + message);
        jmsTemplate.convertAndSend(AppConfig.QUEUE_NAME, message);
    }
}

***编辑