docker vagrant ubuntu 16.04 - 找不到适用于您系统的可用默认提供程序

我试图从一本关于Scrapy的书开始 . 作者使用由vagrant和docker构建的测试环境 . 环境需要遵循本书中的教程 . 我对这两种技术都一无所知，但从昨天起就一直在努力让一切运转起来 . 经过几个小时的搜索，并尝试各种各样的事情（比如拔出我的指甲），我完全没有进展 .

我试图包括任何可能相关的信息 . 很抱歉某些数据格式不佳 . 我是新来的 . 此外，我不得不从一些代码嵌入链接中删除'http'，因为stackoverflow不会让我发布太多的超链接 .

版本号为：vagrant 1.8.5，docker 1.12.1，ubuntu 16.04

当我进入包含vagrant文件的目录并运行'vagrant up --no-parallel'时，我得到臭名昭着的“系统找不到可用的默认提供程序”，错误 .

'vagrant box list'返回'没有安装的盒子！使用 vagrant box add 添加一些 .

'vagrant global-status'返回“此计算机上没有活动的Vagrant环境！或者，您没有销毁并重新创建使用较旧版本的Vagrant启动的Vagrant环境 . ” （我的操作系统是一个全新的安装）

“docker info”返回：

Containers: 0
 Running: 0
 Paused: 0
 Stopped: 0
Images: 0
Server Version: 1.12.1
Storage Driver: aufs
 Root Dir: /var/lib/docker/aufs
 Backing Filesystem: extfs
 Dirs: 0
 Dirperm1 Supported: true
Logging Driver: json-file
Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
Plugins:
 Volume: local
 Network: overlay bridge host null
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: runc
Default Runtime: runc
Security Options: apparmor seccomp
Kernel Version: 4.4.0-31-generic
Operating System: Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
CPUs: 2
Total Memory: 3.823 GiB
Name: chris-Inspiron-1440
ID: SIHD:H76B:TWRL:FZSA:MKGE:O4WK:IAZS:LQIS:SQ76:YFTY:7AD4:KJ5T
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
Debug Mode (client): false
Debug Mode (server): false
Registry: //index.docker.io/v1/
WARNING: No swap limit support
Insecure Registries:
 127.0.0.0/8

systemctl status docker.service returns:

● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2016-09-03 16:05:43 EDT; 48min ago
     Docs: //docs.docker.com
 Main PID: 2659 (dockerd)
    Tasks: 17
   Memory: 55.6M
      CPU: 1.995s
   CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
           ├─2659 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd://
           └─2713 docker-containerd -l unix:///var/run/docker/libcontainerd/docker-containerd.so

sudo docker守护进程-D返回：

FATA[0000] Error starting daemon: pid file found, ensure docker is not running or delete /var/run/docker.pid

随书附带的流浪文件：

ENV['VAGRANT_DEFAULT_PROVIDER'] = "docker"

host_vagrantfile = "./Vagrantfile.dockerhost"
force_host_vm = TRUE

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|

    # -------------- Web server --------------

    config.vm.define "web" do |web|

        web.vm.provider "docker" do |d|
            d.image = "scrapybook/web"
            #d.build_dir = "../scrapybook-docker-web"
            d.name = "web"

            d.vagrant_machine = "docker-provider"
            d.vagrant_vagrantfile = host_vagrantfile
            d.force_host_vm = force_host_vm
        end

        web.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", disabled: true

        web.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 9312, host: 9312
        web.vm.hostname = "web"
    end

    # -------------- Spark server --------------

    config.vm.define "spark" do |spark|

        spark.vm.provider "docker" do |d|
            d.image = "scrapybook/spark"
            #d.build_dir = "../scrapybook-docker-spark"
            d.name = "spark"

            d.vagrant_machine = "docker-provider"
            d.vagrant_vagrantfile = host_vagrantfile
            d.force_host_vm = force_host_vm
        end

        spark.vm.synced_folder ".", "/root/book"

        spark.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 21, host: 21
        (30000..30009).each do |port|
            spark.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: port, host: port
        end
        spark.vm.hostname = "spark"
    end


    # -------------- ES server --------------

    config.vm.define "es" do |es|

        es.vm.provider "docker" do |d|
            d.image = "scrapybook/es"
            #d.build_dir = "../scrapybook-docker-es"
            d.name = "es"

            d.vagrant_machine = "docker-provider"
            d.vagrant_vagrantfile = host_vagrantfile
            d.force_host_vm = force_host_vm
        end

        es.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", disabled: true

        es.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 9200, host: 9200
        es.vm.hostname = "es"
    end


    # -------------- Redis server --------------

    config.vm.define "redis" do |redis|

        redis.vm.provider "docker" do |d|
            d.image = "scrapybook/redis"
            #d.build_dir = "../scrapybook-docker-redis"
            d.name = "redis"

            d.vagrant_machine = "docker-provider"
            d.vagrant_vagrantfile = host_vagrantfile
            d.force_host_vm = force_host_vm
        end

        redis.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", disabled: true

        redis.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 6379, host: 6379
        redis.vm.hostname = "redis"
    end


    # -------------- MySQL server --------------

    config.vm.define "mysql" do |mysql|

        mysql.vm.provider "docker" do |d|
            d.image = "scrapybook/mysql"
            #d.build_dir = "../scrapybook-docker-mysql"
            d.name = "mysql"

            d.vagrant_machine = "docker-provider"
            d.vagrant_vagrantfile = host_vagrantfile
            d.force_host_vm = force_host_vm
        end

        mysql.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", disabled: true

        mysql.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 3306, host: 3306
        mysql.vm.hostname = "mysql"
    end
    # -------------- 3 Scrapyd servers --------------

    {
        "scrapyd1" => 6801,
        "scrapyd2" => 6802, 
        "scrapyd3" => 6803,
    }.each do |host, port|

        config.vm.define host do |scp|

            scp.vm.provider "docker" do |d|
                d.image = "scrapybook/dev"
                #d.build_dir = "../scrapybook-docker-dev"
                d.name = host

                d.link("spark:spark")
                d.link("web:web")

                d.vagrant_machine = "docker-provider"
                d.vagrant_vagrantfile = host_vagrantfile
                d.force_host_vm = force_host_vm
            end

            scp.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", disabled: true

            scp.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 6800, host: port
            scp.vm.hostname = host
        end
    end

    # -------------- Dev machine --------------

    config.vm.define "dev", primary: true do |dev|

        dev.vm.provider "docker" do |d|
            d.image = "scrapybook/dev"
            #d.build_dir = "../scrapybook-docker-dev"
            d.name = "dev"

            d.link("web:web")
            d.link("spark:spark")
            d.link("scrapyd1:scrapyd1")
            d.link("scrapyd2:scrapyd2")
            d.link("scrapyd3:scrapyd3")
            d.link("mysql:mysql")
            d.link("redis:redis")
            d.link("es:es")

            d.vagrant_machine = "docker-provider"
            d.vagrant_vagrantfile = host_vagrantfile
            d.force_host_vm = force_host_vm
        end

        dev.vm.synced_folder ".", "/root/book"

        dev.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 6800, host: 6800
        dev.vm.hostname = "dev"
    end

    config.ssh.username = 'root'
    config.ssh.private_key_path = 'insecure_key'
end

还有一个名为Vagrant.dockerhost的文件，该文件在Vagrantfile中引用：

# Set if you are behind proxy
#proxy_url = "http://user:pass@proxy.com:8080/"

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|

    if !defined?(proxy_url) || proxy_url.nil? || proxy_url.empty?

        # No proxy setup necessary.

    else
        # Setup proxies

        ENV['http_proxy']  = proxy_url
        ENV['https_proxy'] = proxy_url
    end

    config.vm.define "docker-provider"
    config.vm.box = "lookfwd/scrapybook"

    # Setting up ports
    (
        [9200] +                      # ES
        [6379] +                      # Redis
        [3306] +                      # MySQL
        [9312] +                      # Web
        (6800..6803).to_a +           # Scrapyd
        [21] + (30000..30009).to_a  + # Spark
    []).each do |port|
        config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: port, host: port
    end

    # Set the mem/cpu requirements
    config.vm.provider :virtualbox do |vb|
        vb.memory = 2048
        vb.cpus = 4
        vb.name = "docker-provider"
        vb.check_guest_additions = false
    end
end