Android M - 检查运行时权限 - 如何确定用户是否选中“从不再问”？-Java 学习之路

264

根据这个：http://developer.android.com/preview/features/runtime-permissions.html#coding应用程序可以检查运行时权限和请求权限（如果尚未授予它） . 然后将显示以下对话框：

enter image description here

如果用户拒绝重要权限，则应用程序应显示解释为何需要权限以及拒绝具有何种影响的解释 . 该对话框有两个选项：

再次重试（再次请求许可）
拒绝（app将在没有该权限的情况下工作） .

但是，如果用户检查 Never ask again ，则不应显示带有解释的第二个对话框，尤其是如果用户之前已经拒绝过一次 . 现在的问题是：我的应用程序如何知道用户是否已检查 Never ask again ？ IMO onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) 没有给我这些信息 .

第二个问题是：Google是否计划在权限对话框中添加自定义消息，以解释应用程序需要权限的原因？那样就永远不会有第二个对话框，肯定会有更好的ux .

23 回答

19
开发人员预览版2对应用程序请求权限的方式进行了一些更改（另请参阅http://developer.android.com/preview/support.html#preview2-notes） .

第一个对话框现在看起来像这样：

没有“Never again again”复选框（与开发者预览1不同） . 如果用户拒绝该权限，并且该权限对于该应用程序至关重要，则可以提供另一个对话框来解释该应用程序要求该权限的原因，例如：像这样：

如果用户再次拒绝该应用程序应该关闭，如果它绝对需要该权限或继续运行有限的功能 . 如果用户重新考虑（并选择重试），则再次请求权限 . 这次提示符如下所示：

第二次显示“永不再询问”复选框 . 如果用户再次拒绝并且勾选了复选框，则不会再发生任何事情 . 是否勾选了复选框可以通过使用Activity.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale（String）来确定，例如，像这样：
```
if (shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS)) {...
```
这就是Android文档所说的内容（https://developer.android.com/training/permissions/requesting.html）：

为了帮助找到需要提供额外说明的情况，系统提供了Activity.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale（String）方法 . 如果应用先前已请求此权限且用户拒绝该请求，则此方法返回true . 这表明您应该向用户解释为什么需要该权限 . 如果用户过去拒绝了权限请求并在权限请求系统对话框中选择了“不再询问”选项，则此方法返回false . 如果设备策略禁止应用程序具有该权限，则该方法也返回false .

要知道用户是否使用"never ask again"拒绝，您可以在用户未授予权限时再次检查onRequestPermissionsResult中的shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale方法 .
```
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
    if (requestCode == REQUEST_PERMISSION) {
        // for each permission check if the user granted/denied them
        // you may want to group the rationale in a single dialog,
        // this is just an example
        for (int i = 0, len = permissions.length; i < len; i++) {
            String permission = permissions[i];
            if (grantResults[i] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
            // user rejected the permission
                boolean showRationale = shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale( permission );
                if (! showRationale) {
                    // user also CHECKED "never ask again"
                    // you can either enable some fall back,
                    // disable features of your app
                    // or open another dialog explaining
                    // again the permission and directing to
                    // the app setting
                } else if (Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS.equals(permission)) {
                    showRationale(permission, R.string.permission_denied_contacts);
                    // user did NOT check "never ask again"
                    // this is a good place to explain the user
                    // why you need the permission and ask if he wants
                    // to accept it (the rationale)
                } else if ( /* possibly check more permissions...*/ ) {
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
```
您可以使用以下代码打开您的应用设置：
```
Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", getPackageName(), null);
intent.setData(uri);
startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_PERMISSION_SETTING);
```
无法将用户直接发送到“授权”页面 .
回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

您可以在 onRequestPermissionsResult() 中查看 shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale() .

shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale
https://youtu.be/C8lUdPVSzDk?t=2m23s

检查是否在 onRequestPermissionsResult() 中授予了权限 . 如果 not 则检查 shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale() .

如果此方法返回 true ，则显示为何需要此特定权限的说明 . 然后再次根据用户的选择 requestPermissions() .
如果它返回 false ，则显示一条错误消息，表明未授予权限，app无法继续进行或禁用某项特定功能 .

以下是示例代码 .

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    switch (requestCode) {
        case STORAGE_PERMISSION_REQUEST:
            if (grantResults.length > 0
                    && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // permission was granted :)
                downloadFile();
            } else {
                // permission was not granted
                if (getActivity() == null) {
                    return;
                }
                if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(getActivity(), Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {
                    showStoragePermissionRationale();
                } else {
                    Snackbar snackbar = Snackbar.make(getView(), getResources().getString(R.string.message_no_storage_permission_snackbar), Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG);
                    snackbar.setAction(getResources().getString(R.string.settings), new View.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(View v) {
                            if (getActivity() == null) {
                                return;
                            }
                            Intent intent = new Intent();
                            intent.setAction(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
                            Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", getActivity().getPackageName(), null);
                            intent.setData(uri);
                            OrderDetailFragment.this.startActivity(intent);
                        }
                    });
                    snackbar.show();
                }
            }
            break;
    }
}

显然，谷歌 Map 正是这样做的位置许可 .

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

这是检查当前权限状态的一种简单方法：

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
    @IntDef({GRANTED, DENIED, BLOCKED_OR_NEVER_ASKED })
    public @interface PermissionStatus {}

    public static final int GRANTED = 0;
    public static final int DENIED = 1;
    public static final int BLOCKED_OR_NEVER_ASKED = 2;

    @PermissionStatus 
    public static int getPermissionStatus(Activity activity, String androidPermissionName) {
        if(ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, androidPermissionName) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            if(!ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity, androidPermissionName)){
                return BLOCKED_OR_NEVER_ASKED;
            }
            return DENIED;
        }
        return GRANTED;
    }

警告：在用户通过用户提示接受/拒绝权限之前，在第一个应用程序启动时返回BLOCKED_OR_NEVER_ASKED（在sdk 23设备上）

Update:

Android支持库现在似乎也有一个非常相似的类 android.support.v4.content.PermissionChecker ，其中包含 checkSelfPermission() ，它返回：

public static final int PERMISSION_GRANTED = 0;
public static final int PERMISSION_DENIED = -1;
public static final int PERMISSION_DENIED_APP_OP = -2;

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

你 can determine 检查是否要在 onRequestPermissionsResult() 回调方法中显示权限 rationale . 如果您发现任何权限设置为 never ask again ，则可以请求用户从设置中授予权限 .

我的完整实现如下 . 它适用于 single 或 multiple 权限要求 . 使用以下或directly use my library.

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
    if(permissions.length == 0){
        return;
    }
    boolean allPermissionsGranted = true;
    if(grantResults.length>0){
        for(int grantResult: grantResults){
            if(grantResult != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                allPermissionsGranted = false;
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    if(!allPermissionsGranted){
        boolean somePermissionsForeverDenied = false;
        for(String permission: permissions){
            if(ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, permission)){
                //denied
                Log.e("denied", permission);
            }else{
                if(ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                    //allowed
                    Log.e("allowed", permission);
                } else{
                    //set to never ask again
                    Log.e("set to never ask again", permission);
                    somePermissionsForeverDenied = true;
                }
            }
        }
        if(somePermissionsForeverDenied){
            final AlertDialog.Builder alertDialogBuilder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
            alertDialogBuilder.setTitle("Permissions Required")
                    .setMessage("You have forcefully denied some of the required permissions " +
                            "for this action. Please open settings, go to permissions and allow them.")
                    .setPositiveButton("Settings", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS,
                                    Uri.fromParts("package", getPackageName(), null));
                            intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
                            startActivity(intent);
                        }
                    })
                    .setNegativeButton("Cancel", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        }
                    })
                    .setCancelable(false)
                    .create()
                    .show();
        }
    } else {
        switch (requestCode) {
            //act according to the request code used while requesting the permission(s).
        }
    }
}

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

0

可能对某人有用： -

What I have noticed is, if we check the shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale() flag in to onRequestPermissionsResult() callback method, it shows only two states .

状态1： - 返回true： - 用户单击拒绝权限（包括第一次）的任何时间 .

状态2： - 返回错误： - 如果用户选择“永不再问” .

Link of detailed working example

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

一旦用户标记为“不再询问”，则无法再次显示该问题 . 但是可以向用户解释他先前已拒绝许可并且必须在设置中授予权限 . 并使用以下代码引用他的设置：

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int permsRequestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {

    if (grantResults.length > 0
            && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        // now, you have permission go ahead
        // TODO: something

    } else {

        if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(MainActivity.this,
                Manifest.permission.READ_CALL_LOG)) {
            // now, user has denied permission (but not permanently!)

        } else {

            // now, user has denied permission permanently!

            Snackbar snackbar = Snackbar.make(findViewById(android.R.id.content), "You have previously declined this permission.\n" +
                "You must approve this permission in \"Permissions\" in the app settings on your device.", Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG).setAction("Settings", new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {

                startActivity(new Intent(android.provider.Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS, Uri.parse("package:" + BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID)));

            }
        });
        View snackbarView = snackbar.getView();
        TextView textView = (TextView) snackbarView.findViewById(android.support.design.R.id.snackbar_text);
        textView.setMaxLines(5);  //Or as much as you need
        snackbar.show();

        }

    }
    return;
}

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

如果您想要检测所有“状态”（第一次被拒绝，被拒绝，被拒绝“永不再问”或被永久拒绝），您可以执行以下操作：

创建2个布尔值

private boolean beforeClickPermissionRat;
private boolean afterClickPermissionRat;

在请求许可之前设置第一个：

beforeClickPermissionRat = shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);

在onRequestPermissionsResult方法中设置第二个：

afterClickPermissionRat = shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);

使用以下“表”在onRequestPermissionsResult（）中执行您需要的任何操作（在检查您仍然没有权限之后）：

// before after
// FALSE  FALSE  =  Was denied permanently, still denied permanently --> App Settings
// FALSE  TRUE   =  First time deny, not denied permanently yet --> Nothing
// TRUE   FALSE  =  Just been permanently denied --> Changing my caption to "Go to app settings to edit permissions"
// TRUE   TRUE   =  Wasn't denied permanently, still not denied permanently --> Nothing

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

我有同样的问题，我想出来了 . 为了简化生活，我编写了一个util类来处理运行时权限 .

public class PermissionUtil {
    /*
    * Check if version is marshmallow and above.
    * Used in deciding to ask runtime permission
    * */
    public static boolean shouldAskPermission() {
        return (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M);
    }
private static boolean shouldAskPermission(Context context, String permission){
        if (shouldAskPermission()) {
            int permissionResult = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, permission);
            if (permissionResult != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
public static void checkPermission(Context context, String permission, PermissionAskListener listener){
/*
        * If permission is not granted
        * */
        if (shouldAskPermission(context, permission)){
/*
            * If permission denied previously
            * */
            if (((Activity)context).shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(permission)) {
                listener.onPermissionPreviouslyDenied();
            } else {
                /*
                * Permission denied or first time requested
                * */
if (PreferencesUtil.isFirstTimeAskingPermission(context, permission)) {
                    PreferencesUtil.firstTimeAskingPermission(context, permission, false);
                    listener.onPermissionAsk();
                } else {
                    /*
                    * Handle the feature without permission or ask user to manually allow permission
                    * */
                    listener.onPermissionDisabled();
                }
            }
        } else {
            listener.onPermissionGranted();
        }
    }
/*
    * Callback on various cases on checking permission
    *
    * 1.  Below M, runtime permission not needed. In that case onPermissionGranted() would be called.
    *     If permission is already granted, onPermissionGranted() would be called.
    *
    * 2.  Above M, if the permission is being asked first time onPermissionAsk() would be called.
    *
    * 3.  Above M, if the permission is previously asked but not granted, onPermissionPreviouslyDenied()
    *     would be called.
    *
    * 4.  Above M, if the permission is disabled by device policy or the user checked "Never ask again"
    *     check box on previous request permission, onPermissionDisabled() would be called.
    * */
    public interface PermissionAskListener {
/*
        * Callback to ask permission
        * */
        void onPermissionAsk();
/*
        * Callback on permission denied
        * */
        void onPermissionPreviouslyDenied();
/*
        * Callback on permission "Never show again" checked and denied
        * */
        void onPermissionDisabled();
/*
        * Callback on permission granted
        * */
        void onPermissionGranted();
    }
}

PreferenceUtil方法如下 .

public static void firstTimeAskingPermission(Context context, String permission, boolean isFirstTime){
SharedPreferences sharedPreference = context.getSharedPreferences(PREFS_FILE_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE;
 sharedPreference.edit().putBoolean(permission, isFirstTime).apply();
 }
public static boolean isFirstTimeAskingPermission(Context context, String permission){
return context.getSharedPreferences(PREFS_FILE_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE).getBoolean(permission, true);
}

现在，您只需要使用方法* checkPermission *和适当的参数 .

这是一个例子，

PermissionUtil.checkPermission(context, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                    new PermissionUtil.PermissionAskListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onPermissionAsk() {
                            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(
                                    thisActivity,
              new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS},
                            REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
                            );
                        }
@Override
                        public void onPermissionPreviouslyDenied() {
                       //show a dialog explaining permission and then request permission
                        }
@Override
                        public void onPermissionDisabled() {
Toast.makeText(context, "Permission Disabled.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
@Override
                        public void onPermissionGranted() {
                            readContacts();
                        }
                    });

我的应用程序如何知道用户是否已选中“永不再问”？

如果用户选中 Never ask again ，您将获得onPermissionDisabled的回调 .

快乐编码:)

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

Complete explanation for every case of permission

/**
 *    Case 1: User doesn't have permission
 *    Case 2: User has permission
 *
 *    Case 3: User has never seen the permission Dialog
 *    Case 4: User has denied permission once but he din't clicked on "Never Show again" check box
 *    Case 5: User denied the permission and also clicked on the "Never Show again" check box.
 *    Case 6: User has allowed the permission
 *
 */
public void handlePermission() {
    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this,
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
            != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        // This is Case 1. Now we need to check further if permission was shown before or not

        if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(MainActivity.this,
                Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {

            // This is Case 4.
        } else {
            // This is Case 3. Request for permission here
        }

    } else {
        // This is Case 2. You have permission now you can do anything related to it
    }
}

public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {

    if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        // This is Case 2 (Permission is now granted)
    } else {
        // This is Case 1 again as Permission is not granted by user

        //Now further we check if used denied permanently or not
        if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(MainActivity.this,
                Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {
            // case 4 User has denied permission but not permanently

        } else {
            // case 5. Permission denied permanently.
            // You can open Permission setting's page from here now.
        }

    }
}

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

我在Android M中写了一个权限请求的简写 . 此代码还处理旧版Android版本的向后兼容性 .

所有丑陋的代码都被提取到一个片段中，片段将自身附加到请求权限的Activity上 . 您可以使用 PermissionRequestManager 如下：

new PermissionRequestManager()
        // We need a AppCompatActivity here, if you are not using support libraries you will have to slightly change 
        // the PermissionReuqestManager class
        .withActivity(this)

        // List all permissions you need
        .withPermissions(android.Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE, android.Manifest.permission.READ_CALENDAR)

        // This Runnable is called whenever the request was successfull
        .withSuccessHandler(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // Do something with your permissions!
                // This is called after the user has granted all 
                // permissions, we are one a older platform where 
                // the user does not need to grant permissions 
                // manually, or all permissions are already granted

            }
        })

        // Optional, called when the user did not grant all permissions
        .withFailureHandler(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // This is called if the user has rejected one or all of the requested permissions
                L.e(this.getClass().getSimpleName(), "Unable to request permission");

            }
        })

        // After calling this, the user is prompted to grant the rights
        .request();

看一看：https://gist.github.com/crysxd/385b57d74045a8bd67c4110c34ab74aa

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

1

方法shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale()可以是用户检查用户是否选择了'never asked again'选项并拒绝了该权限 . 有很多代码示例，所以我宁愿解释如何将它用于这样的目的，因为我认为它的名称及其实现使它实际上变得更加复杂 .

如Requesting Permissions at Run Time中所述，如果选项'never ask again'可见，则该方法返回true，否则返回false;因此它在第一次显示对话框时返回false，然后从第二次开始返回true，并且只有当用户拒绝选择该选项的权限时，此时它才会再次返回false .

要检测这种情况，您可以检测序列false-true-false，或者（更简单）您可以使用一个标记来跟踪显示对话框的初始时间 . 之后，该方法返回true或false，其中false将允许您检测何时选择该选项 .

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

试试这个简单的权限库 . 它将通过3个简单步骤处理与权限相关的所有操作 . 它节省了我的时间 . You can finish all permission related work in 15 mins .

它可以处理Deny，它可以处理Never never再次询问，它可以调用app设置以获得权限，它可以给出一条Rational消息，它可以给出一个Denial消息，它可以给出一个已接受权限的列表，它可以给出一个被拒绝的列表权限等

https://github.com/ParkSangGwon/TedPermission

Step 1: 添加您的依赖项

dependencies {
     compile 'gun0912.ted:tedpermission:2.1.1'
     //check the above link for latest libraries
}

Step2: 询问权限

TedPermission.with(this)
    .setPermissionListener(permissionlistener)
    .setDeniedMessage("If you reject permission,you can not use this service\n\nPlease turn on permissions at [Setting] > [Permission]")
    .setPermissions(Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
    .check();

Step 3: 处理权限响应

PermissionListener permissionlistener = new PermissionListener() {
    @Override
    public void onPermissionGranted() {
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Permission Granted", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onPermissionDenied(ArrayList<String> deniedPermissions) {
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Permission Denied\n" + deniedPermissions.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
};

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

306
一个有用的函数，用于确定是否已阻止任意权限请求（在Kotlin中）：
```
private fun isPermissionBlockedFromAsking(activity: Activity, permission: String): Boolean {
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
        return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
            && !activity.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(permission)
            && PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(activity).getBoolean(permission, false)
    }
    return false
}
```
使用此功能需要在首次请求权限时将共享首选项布尔值与所需权限（例如 android.Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE ）的名称设置为 true .

说明：

Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M 因为某些代码只能在API级别23上运行 .

ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED 检查我们还没有获得许可 .

!activity.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(permission) 检查用户是否已拒绝该应用再次询问 . 由于quirks of this function，还需要以下行 .

PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(activity).getBoolean(permission, false) 使用此方法（以及在第一个权限请求时将值设置为true）以区分"Never asked"和"Never ask again"状态，因为前一行不返回此信息 .
回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00
2
对于这个解决方案，请不要向我扔石头 .

这有效，但有点“hacky” .

当您拨打 requestPermissions 时，请注册当前时间 .
```
mAskedPermissionTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
```
然后在 onRequestPermissionsResult

如果未授予结果，请再次检查时间 .
```
if (System.currentTimeMillis() - mAskedPermissionTime < 100)
```
由于用户确实无法点击这么快拒绝按钮，我们知道他选择“永不再问”，因为回调是即时的 .

使用风险自负 .
回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

您可以使用

shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale()

内

onRequestPermissionsResult()

请参阅以下示例：

Check if it has permission when the user clicks the button:

@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
    if (v.getId() == R.id.appCompatBtn_changeProfileCoverPhoto) {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 23) { // API < 23 don't need to ask permission
            navigateTo(MainActivity.class); // Navigate to activity to change photos
        } else {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(SettingsActivity.this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
                    != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // Permission is not granted yet. Ask for permission...
                requestWriteExternalPermission();
            } else {
                // Permission is already granted, good to go :)
                navigateTo(MainActivity.class);
            }
        } 
    }
}

When the user answer the permission dialog box we will go to onRequestPermissionResult:

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);

    if (requestCode == WRITE_EXTERNAL_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE) {
        // Case 1. Permission is granted.  
        if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {  
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(SettingsActivity.this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
                    == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // Before navigating, I still check one more time the permission for good practice.
                navigateTo(MainActivity.class);
            }
        } else { // Case 2. Permission was refused
            if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {
                // Case 2.1. shouldShowRequest... returns true because the
                // permission was denied before. If it is the first time the app is running we will 
                // end up in this part of the code. Because he need to deny at least once to get 
                // to onRequestPermissionsResult. 
                Snackbar snackbar = Snackbar.make(findViewById(R.id.relLayout_container), R.string.you_must_verify_permissions_to_send_media, Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG);
                snackbar.setAction("VERIFY", new View.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(View v) {
                        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(SettingsActivity.this
                                , new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}
                                , WRITE_EXTERNAL_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE);
                    }
                });
                snackbar.show();
            } else {
                // Case 2.2. Permission was already denied and the user checked "Never ask again". 
                // Navigate user to settings if he choose to allow this time.
                AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
                builder.setMessage(R.string.instructions_to_turn_on_storage_permission)
                        .setPositiveButton(getString(R.string.settings), new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                            @Override
                            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                Intent settingsIntent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
                                Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", getPackageName(), null);
                                settingsIntent.setData(uri);
                                startActivityForResult(settingsIntent, 7);
                            }
                        })
                        .setNegativeButton(getString(R.string.not_now), null);
                Dialog dialog = builder.create();
                dialog.show();
            }
        }
    }

}

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

你可以听得很漂亮 .

Listener

interface PermissionListener {
    fun onNeedPermission()
    fun onPermissionPreviouslyDenied(numberDenyPermission: Int)
    fun onPermissionDisabledPermanently(numberDenyPermission: Int)
    fun onPermissionGranted()
}

MainClass for permission

class PermissionUtil {

    private val PREFS_FILENAME = "permission"
    private val TAG = "PermissionUtil"

    private fun shouldAskPermission(context: Context, permission: String): Boolean {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            val permissionResult = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, permission)
            if (permissionResult != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                return true
            }
        }
        return false
    }

    fun checkPermission(context: Context, permission: String, listener: PermissionListener) {

        Log.i(TAG, "CheckPermission for $permission")

        if (shouldAskPermission(context, permission)) {

            // Load history permission
            val sharedPreference = context.getSharedPreferences(PREFS_FILENAME, 0)
            val numberShowPermissionDialog = sharedPreference.getInt(permission, 0)

            if (numberShowPermissionDialog == 0) {

                (context as? Activity)?.let {
                    if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(it, permission)) {
                        Log.e(TAG, "User has denied permission but not permanently")
                        listener.onPermissionPreviouslyDenied(numberShowPermissionDialog)
                    } else {
                        Log.e(TAG, "Permission denied permanently.")
                        listener.onPermissionDisabledPermanently(numberShowPermissionDialog)
                    }
                } ?: kotlin.run {
                    listener.onNeedPermission()
                }

            } else {
                // Is FirstTime
                listener.onNeedPermission()
            }


            // Save history permission
            sharedPreference.edit().putInt(permission, numberShowPermissionDialog + 1).apply()


        } else {
            listener.onPermissionGranted()
        }

    }
}

Used by this way

PermissionUtil().checkPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
                object : PermissionListener {
                    override fun onNeedPermission() {
                        log("---------------------->onNeedPermission")

//                            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this@SplashActivity,
//                                    Array(1) { Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION },
//                                    118)

                    }

                    override fun onPermissionPreviouslyDenied(numberDenyPermission: Int) {
                        log("---------------------->onPermissionPreviouslyDenied")
                    }

                    override fun onPermissionDisabledPermanently(numberDenyPermission: Int) {
                        log("---------------------->onPermissionDisabled")
                    }

                    override fun onPermissionGranted() {
                        log("---------------------->onPermissionGranted")
                    }

                })

override onRequestPermissionsResult in activity or fragmnet

override fun onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode: Int, permissions: Array<out String>, grantResults: IntArray) {
 if (requestCode == 118) {
        if (permissions[0] == Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            getLastLocationInMap()
        }
        }
    }

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

3

我还想获得用户是否选择“永不再问”的信息 . 我已经实现了一个带有丑陋外观的“几乎解决方案”，但在我告诉你如何之前，我会告诉你我的动机：

我想最初提供权限引用功能 . 如果用户使用它并且没有权限，他/她将获得上面的第1个对话框或第2个和第3个对话框 . 当用户选择“永不再问”时，我想禁用该功能并以不同方式显示它 . - 我的动作是由一个微调文本条目触发的，我还想在显示的标签文本中添加'（Permission revoked）' . 这向用户显示：“由于我的权限设置，有功能但我无法使用它 . ”但是，这似乎不可能，因为我无法检查是否已经选择了“永不再问” .

我通过主动权限检查启用了我的功能，从而找到了我可以忍受的解决方案 . 我在onRequestPermissionsResult（）中显示Toast消息，如果是否定响应，但仅当我没有显示我的自定义原理弹出窗口时 . 因此，如果用户选择了“永不再问”，他只会收到一个祝酒词 . 如果用户不愿意选择“永不再问”，他只能获得操作系统弹出的自定义原理和权限请求，而不是吐司，因为连续三个通知会太麻烦 .

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00
33

相反，当您在 shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale() 处于错误状态时再次请求权限时，您将收到 onRequestPermissionsResult() 上的回调作为PERMISSION_DENIED

来自Android doc：

当系统要求用户授予权限时，用户可以选择告知系统不要再次请求该权限 . 在这种情况下，只要应用程序使用 requestPermissions() 再次请求该权限，系统就会立即拒绝该请求 . 系统调用 onRequestPermissionsResult() 回调方法并传递 PERMISSION_DENIED ，就像用户再次明确拒绝您的请求一样 . 这意味着当您调用 requestPermissions() 时，您不能假设已经发生了与用户的任何直接交互 .

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

我必须实现相机的动态权限 . 如果发生3种可能的情况：1 . 允许，2 . 拒绝，3 . 不要再问 .

@Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {

    for (String permission : permissions) {
        if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(getActivity(), permission)) {
            //denied
            Log.e("denied", permission);
        } else {
            if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(getActivity(), permission) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                //allowed
                Log.e("allowed", permission);
            } else {
                //set to never ask again
                Log.e("set to never ask again", permission);
                //do something here.
            }
        }
    }
    if (requestCode != MaterialBarcodeScanner.RC_HANDLE_CAMERA_PERM) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        return;
    }
    if (grantResults.length != 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        mScannerView.setResultHandler(this);
        mScannerView.startCamera(mCameraId);
        mScannerView.setFlash(mFlash);
        mScannerView.setAutoFocus(mAutoFocus);
        return;
    } else {
        //set to never ask again
        Log.e("set to never ask again", permissions[0]);
    }
    DialogInterface.OnClickListener listener = new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) {
            dialog.cancel();
        }
    };
    AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity());
    builder.setTitle("Error")
            .setMessage(R.string.no_camera_permission)
            .setPositiveButton(android.R.string.ok, listener)
            .show();


}

private void insertDummyContactWrapper() {
        int hasWriteContactsPermission = checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.CAMERA);
        if (hasWriteContactsPermission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA},
                    REQUEST_CODE_ASK_PERMISSIONS);
            return;
        }
        mScannerView.setResultHandler(this);
        mScannerView.startCamera(mCameraId);
        mScannerView.setFlash(mFlash);
        mScannerView.setAutoFocus(mAutoFocus);
    }

private int checkSelfPermission(String camera) {
    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(getActivity(), Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
            != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        return REQUEST_CODE_ASK_PERMISSIONS;
    } else {
        return REQUEST_NOT_CODE_ASK_PERMISSIONS;
    }
}

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

您可以使用 if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA) 方法来检测是否从未询问过 .

如需更多参考：Check this

要检查多个权限，请使用：

if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
                                || ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
                                || ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
                                || ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)) {
                            showDialogOK("Service Permissions are required for this app",
                                    new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                                        @Override
                                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                            switch (which) {
                                                case DialogInterface.BUTTON_POSITIVE:
                                                    checkAndRequestPermissions();
                                                    break;
                                                case DialogInterface.BUTTON_NEGATIVE:
                                                    // proceed with logic by disabling the related features or quit the app.
                                                    finish();
                                                    break;
                                            }
                                        }
                                    });
                        }
                        //permission is denied (and never ask again is  checked)
                        //shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale will return false
                        else {
                            explain("You need to give some mandatory permissions to continue. Do you want to go to app settings?");
                            //                            //proceed with logic by disabling the related features or quit the app.
                        }

explain（）方法

private void explain(String msg){
        final android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog.Builder dialog = new android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog.Builder(this);
        dialog.setMessage(msg)
                .setPositiveButton("Yes", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface paramDialogInterface, int paramInt) {
                        //  permissionsclass.requestPermission(type,code);
                        startActivity(new Intent(android.provider.Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS, Uri.parse("package:com.exampledemo.parsaniahardik.marshmallowpermission")));
                    }
                })
                .setNegativeButton("Cancel", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface paramDialogInterface, int paramInt) {
                        finish();
                    }
                });
        dialog.show();
    }

上面的代码也会显示对话框，它会将用户重定向到应用程序设置屏幕，如果已经选中，则可以给予许可，从不再询问按钮 .

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

扩展 mVck 上面的答案，以下逻辑确定是否已针对给定的权限请求检查了"Never ask again"：

bool bStorage = grantResults[0] == Permission.Granted;
bool bNeverAskForStorage =
    !bStorage && (
        _bStorageRationaleBefore == true  && _bStorageRationaleAfter == false ||
        _bStorageRationaleBefore == false && _bStorageRationaleAfter == false
    );

摘自下方（完整示例见answer）

private bool _bStorageRationaleBefore;
private bool _bStorageRationaleAfter;        
private const int ANDROID_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE__SDCARD = 2;
//private const int ANDROID_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE__CAMERA = 1;
private const int ANDROID_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE__NONE = 0;

public override void OnRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, string[] permissions, [GeneratedEnum] Permission[] grantResults)
{
    base.OnRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);

    switch (requestCode)
    {
        case ANDROID_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE__SDCARD:               
            _bStorageRationaleAfter = ShouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(Android.Manifest.Permission.WriteExternalStorage);
            bool bStorage = grantResults[0] == Permission.Granted;
            bool bNeverAskForStorage =
                !bStorage && (
                    _bStorageRationaleBefore == true  && _bStorageRationaleAfter == false ||
                    _bStorageRationaleBefore == false && _bStorageRationaleAfter == false
                );      
            break;                
    }
}

private List<string> GetRequiredPermissions(out int requestCode)
{
    // Android v6 requires explicit permission granting from user at runtime for security reasons            
    requestCode = ANDROID_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE__NONE; // 0
    List<string> requiredPermissions = new List<string>();

    _bStorageRationaleBefore = ShouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(Android.Manifest.Permission.WriteExternalStorage);
    Permission writeExternalStoragePerm = ApplicationContext.CheckSelfPermission(Android.Manifest.Permission.WriteExternalStorage);
    //if(extStoragePerm == Permission.Denied)
    if (writeExternalStoragePerm != Permission.Granted)
    {
        requestCode |= ANDROID_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE__SDCARD;
        requiredPermissions.Add(Android.Manifest.Permission.WriteExternalStorage);
    }

    return requiredPermissions;
}

protected override void OnCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
    base.OnCreate(savedInstanceState);

        // Android v6 requires explicit permission granting from user at runtime for security reasons
        int requestCode;
        List<string> requiredPermissions = GetRequiredPermissions(out requestCode);
        if (requiredPermissions != null && requiredPermissions.Count > 0)
        {
            if (requestCode >= ANDROID_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE__SDCARD)                    
            {
                _savedInstanceState = savedInstanceState;
                RequestPermissions(requiredPermissions.ToArray(), requestCode);
                return;
            }
        }
    }            

    OnCreate2(savedInstanceState);
}

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String permissions[], @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
    switch (requestCode) {
        case PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE: {
            if (grantResults.length > 0) {
                if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {
                    // Denied
                } else {
                    if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                        // To what you want
                    } else {
                       // Bob never checked click
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

84
你可以阅读android官方文档Request App Permissions

或者你可以在Github上找到许多流行的Android权限库
回复于 2024-05-05T18:17:21+08:00

Android M - 检查运行时权限 - 如何确定用户是否选中“从不再问”？

23 回答

相关问题