我正在尝试编写一个简单的解释器来使用F#控制Turtle .
我创建了以下递归联合类型来表示Turtle将接受的几个命令 . 代码将由"Command list"表示,使用简单的递归函数执行时不应该太难 .
type Command =
| Repeat of amount * Command list
| Forward of amount
| Turn of direction * amount
我想要描绘这个解释器空白区域,因此源可能如下所示 .
Forward 75
Repeat 4
Forward 10
Turn Right 50
Repeat 6
Forward 20
Turn Right 60
Repeat 8
Forward 15
Turn Left 30
Turn Right 10
Forward 25
然后我有这个函数将所有内容分成一个基于缩进级别的int *字符串列表 . 因此,重复4将变为(0,“重复4”),向前10将是(1,“向前10”),向左转30将是(3,“向左转30”) .
/// Creates indentation chart for generating a syntax tree by cycling
/// through a list of strings generated
/// by string.Split and counting the empty strings before each non-empty
//// string.
let indent strs =
let rec inner strs search cmds indent temp =
match strs, search with
| [], _ -> (indent,temp)::cmds
| ""::tail, Cmd -> inner tail Indent ((indent,temp)::cmds) 0 "" //
Newline started -> push cached counter and command string
| ""::tail, Indent -> inner tail Indent cmds (indent+1) temp // Next
level of indent -> increment indent counter
| h::tail, Cmd -> inner tail Cmd cmds indent (temp + " " + h)
| h::tail, Indent -> inner tail Cmd cmds indent (temp + h)
| h::tail, Start -> inner tail Cmd cmds indent (temp + h)
inner strs Start [] 0 "" |> List.rev
let splitIndent (text:string) = text.Trim().Split() |> Array.toList |>
indent
现在这就是我被困住的地方 . 我有缩进级别的命令列表,但我不知道如何动态创建递归区分联合 . 我知道如何硬编码 . 它看起来像这样,
let tree = [
Forward 75
Repeat (4, [
Forward 10
Turn (Right, 50)
Repeat (6, [
Forward 20
Turn (Right, 60)
Repeat (8, [
Forward 15
Turn (Left, 30)
])])
Turn (Right, 10)])
Forward 25]
但我不知道如何基于不同的输入字符串生成这样的东西 .
我已经阅读了许多与树,有区别的联合相关的StackOverflow帖子,并动态创建这样的递归类型,但我没有找到任何符合我需要的东西 . 我试过修改我发现的几个例子,我发现的最接近的是Tomas Petricek在F# transform list to a tree的回答 . 插入联合案例和模式匹配以使其工作让我更加接近,但它留下了许多命令并重复了其他一些命令 .
这是迄今为止我提出的最好的,但它没有获得所有命令 .
/// Takes the indent,command pairs list and produces a list of commands.
/// Some of these are nested in a tree structure based on their indent.
let buildProgram (diagram:(int*string) list) : Command list =
let rec collect indx lis commands =
match lis with
| [] -> commands
| x::xs ->
match fst x with
| i when i = indx ->
match split (snd x) with
| "Forward"::NUM n::tail -> collect i xs commands@[Forward
n]
| "Turn"::ARG a::NUM n::tail -> collect i xs
commands@[Turn(a,n)]
| "Repeat"::NUM n::tail -> commands@([(Repeat (n, (collect
(i+1) xs [])))] |> List.rev)
| i when i < indx ->
match split (snd x) with
| "Forward"::NUM n::tail -> collect (i-1) xs
commands@[Forward n]
| "Turn"::ARG a::NUM n::tail -> collect (i-1) xs
commands@[Turn(a,n)]
| "Repeat"::NUM n::tail -> commands@([(Repeat (n, (collect
(i-1) xs [])))] |> List.rev)
collect 0 diagram [] |> List.rev
如何根据不同的输入在运行时创建递归区分联合?
1 回答
你要做的是为你的基于缩进的语法编写一个解析器,它将产生
Command
类型的值 .你当然可以手动滚动,但一般的建议是使用解析器组合库,如FParsec . FParsec确实有一个陡峭的学习曲线,但它是"the way to go"用于在F#中编写解析器 .
如果你决定使用它,你会发现这篇文章特别有用 - Parsing indentation based syntax with FParsec .