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从命令行使用visual studio 2013编译arithchk.c时未解析的符号

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我需要使用在cygwin下运行的visual studio 2013在Windows上编译arithchk.c(来自gdtoa库) . VS2008一切正常,但当我尝试切换到VS2013时遇到了这个问题:

ladanyi@WIN64-01$ echo $LIB
;c:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0/VC/LIB/amd64;c:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0/VC/ATLMFC/LIB/amd64;c:/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/8.1/lib/winv6.3/um/x64;

ladanyi@WIN64-01$ echo $INCLUDE
;c:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0/VC/INCLUDE;c:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0/VC/ATLMFC/INCLUDE;c:/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/8.1/include/shared;c:/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/8.1/include/um;c:/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/8.1/include/winrt;

ladanyi@WIN64-01$ echo $PATH
:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0/Common7/IDE:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0/VC/BIN:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0/Common7/Tools:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0/VC/VCPackages:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/8.1/bin/x64:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/8.1/bin/x86:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Intel/Composer XE 2011 SP1/redist/intel64/ipp:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Intel/Composer XE 2011 SP1/redist/intel64/mkl:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Common Files/Intel/Shared Libraries/redist/intel64/compiler:/cygdrive/c/Windows/system32:/cygdrive/c/Windows:/cygdrive/c/Windows/System32/Wbem:/cygdrive/c/Windows/System32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0:/cygdrive/c/Program Files/Microsoft SQL Server/110/Tools/Binn:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft SDKs/TypeScript/1.0:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/10/Windows Performance Toolkit:/cygdrive/c/Program Files/MATLAB/R2015b/bin

ladanyi@WIN64-01$ LIB="$LIB" INCLUDE="$INCLUDE" cl -DNO_FPINIT arithchk.c -DNO_LONG_LONG -DNO_SSIZE_T  /INCREMENTAL:NO /VERBOSE
Microsoft (R) C/C++ Optimizing Compiler Version 18.00.40629 for x86
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

cl : Command line warning D9035 : option 'V' has been deprecated and will be removed in a future release
arithchk.c
Microsoft (R) Incremental Linker Version 12.00.40629.0
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

/out:arithchk.exe 
arithchk.obj 
arithchk.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _asin
arithchk.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _exp
arithchk.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _log
arithchk.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _sqrt
arithchk.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _acos
arithchk.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol ___iob_func referenced in function _main
arithchk.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _fprintf referenced in function _main
arithchk.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _printf referenced in function _ccheck
arithchk.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __errno referenced in function _main
arithchk.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol @__security_check_cookie@4 referenced in function _Lcheck
arithchk.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol ___security_cookie referenced in function _Lcheck
arithchk.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __fltused
LINK : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _mainCRTStartup
arithchk.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 13 unresolved externals

LIB和INCLUDE和PATH设置为在命令窗口中运行vcvarsall.bat时的结果 .

我只是无法弄清楚为什么这些符号没有得到解决,并且非常感谢任何帮助 .

谢谢, - 拉西

UPDATE

如果我打开DOS命令提示符,运行vcvarsall.bat,然后编译,然后它工作正常 . 请注意,运行vcvarsall.bat并执行 echo %LIB%echo %INCLUDE% 后,我得到与上面相同的值 . 所以问题出在与某个地方的cygwin的互动,只是我无法弄清楚在哪里,但是: - (...

1 回答

  • 0

    验证情况

    默认情况下,Cygwin prepends /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin 到PATH,很可能是因为Cygwin的GNU链接工具正在使用,尽管您已经设置了环境 . 您可以使用 echo $PATHlink --versionwhich link .1进行验证

    快速修复

    如果是这种情况,则在 ~/.bash_profile 中定义PATH变量,以便首先找到MSVC链接器 . 由于Cygwin存储从作为ORIGINAL_PATH启动的Windows环境中的完整路径,因此您可以使用:

    # Reorder PATH in .bash_profile
    PATH="${ORIGINAL_PATH}/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin"
    

    通过这种方式定义PATH,Windows实用程序将优先于与Cygwin实用程序发生冲突的地方 - 例如official docs提及 findlinksort .

    最小路线

    您可能希望采用更小的路线,并仅使用您需要的项目来定义新的PATH,而不是从Windows中获取整个PATH . 当然,您可以在 .bash_profile 中执行此操作,但也可以在启动Cygwin之前从 Cygwin.bat 执行此操作 . 例如:

    :: Minimal path defined in Cygwin.bat. Note the double quotes!
    set PATH="C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\bin"
    

    同样,它在Cygwin中存储为ORIGINAL_PATH,然后您更改默认顺序,如上所述 . 请记住,当您计算出依赖关系等时,对于更复杂的场景,最小化方法可能变得有点“繁琐” .

    使用选定的环境启动Cygwin

    我通常更喜欢保持简单,当我需要使用MSVC或其他Windows实用程序时,将Cygwin实用程序放在整个Windows PATH的末尾 . 但并非总是如此,我确实喜欢我灵活的工具 . 在下面的最小示例中,修改了标准 Cygwin.bat 文件,以便在启动Cygwin时通过命令行参数选择一些预定义的设置 .

    @echo off
    if "%1"==""   (goto run-1)
    if "%1"=="-m" (goto prepend-1)
    if "%1"=="-w" (goto prepend-2)
    if "%1"=="-h" (goto help-1)
    
    :help-1
    echo  Cygwin.bat: modifed to set PATH via command line arg
    echo  ARG    Description
    echo  (none) Default - Prepend Cygwin PATH to the full Windows PATH. [CYG,WIN]
    echo  -m     Prepend only MSVC utilities to the Cygwin PATH (minimal approach). [MSVC,CYG]
    echo  -w     Prepend full Windows PATH to the Cygwin PATH. [WIN,CYG]
    echo  -h     Print this help msg and exit.
    exit /b
    
    :prepend-1
    set MSVC_KW=C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\bin
    goto run-1
    
    :prepend-2
    set WIN_KW=1
    goto run-1
    
    :run-1
    C:
    chdir C:\cygwin64\bin
    bash --login -i
    

    must be accompanied by reordering the path in .bash_profile 如下图所示 .

    # Modify the default PATH in .bash_profile according to KW from Cygwin.bat
    if [ -n "${MSVC_KW}" ] ; then
        PATH="${MSVC_KW}:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin"
        export PATH
        unset MSVC_KW
    elif [ -n "${WIN_KW}" ] ; then
        PATH="${ORIGINAL_PATH}:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin"
        export PATH
        unset WIN_KW
    fi
    

    1在此处和此处查看类似的SO主题 . 这个答案增加了那些 .

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