我需要使用在cygwin下运行的visual studio 2013在Windows上编译arithchk.c(来自gdtoa库) . VS2008一切正常,但当我尝试切换到VS2013时遇到了这个问题:
ladanyi@WIN64-01$ echo $LIB
;c:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0/VC/LIB/amd64;c:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0/VC/ATLMFC/LIB/amd64;c:/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/8.1/lib/winv6.3/um/x64;
ladanyi@WIN64-01$ echo $INCLUDE
;c:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0/VC/INCLUDE;c:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0/VC/ATLMFC/INCLUDE;c:/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/8.1/include/shared;c:/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/8.1/include/um;c:/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/8.1/include/winrt;
ladanyi@WIN64-01$ echo $PATH
:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0/Common7/IDE:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0/VC/BIN:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0/Common7/Tools:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0/VC/VCPackages:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/8.1/bin/x64:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/8.1/bin/x86:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Intel/Composer XE 2011 SP1/redist/intel64/ipp:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Intel/Composer XE 2011 SP1/redist/intel64/mkl:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Common Files/Intel/Shared Libraries/redist/intel64/compiler:/cygdrive/c/Windows/system32:/cygdrive/c/Windows:/cygdrive/c/Windows/System32/Wbem:/cygdrive/c/Windows/System32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0:/cygdrive/c/Program Files/Microsoft SQL Server/110/Tools/Binn:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft SDKs/TypeScript/1.0:/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/10/Windows Performance Toolkit:/cygdrive/c/Program Files/MATLAB/R2015b/bin
ladanyi@WIN64-01$ LIB="$LIB" INCLUDE="$INCLUDE" cl -DNO_FPINIT arithchk.c -DNO_LONG_LONG -DNO_SSIZE_T /INCREMENTAL:NO /VERBOSE
Microsoft (R) C/C++ Optimizing Compiler Version 18.00.40629 for x86
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
cl : Command line warning D9035 : option 'V' has been deprecated and will be removed in a future release
arithchk.c
Microsoft (R) Incremental Linker Version 12.00.40629.0
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
/out:arithchk.exe
arithchk.obj
arithchk.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _asin
arithchk.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _exp
arithchk.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _log
arithchk.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _sqrt
arithchk.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _acos
arithchk.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol ___iob_func referenced in function _main
arithchk.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _fprintf referenced in function _main
arithchk.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _printf referenced in function _ccheck
arithchk.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __errno referenced in function _main
arithchk.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol @__security_check_cookie@4 referenced in function _Lcheck
arithchk.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol ___security_cookie referenced in function _Lcheck
arithchk.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __fltused
LINK : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _mainCRTStartup
arithchk.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 13 unresolved externals
LIB和INCLUDE和PATH设置为在命令窗口中运行vcvarsall.bat时的结果 .
我只是无法弄清楚为什么这些符号没有得到解决,并且非常感谢任何帮助 .
谢谢, - 拉西
UPDATE
如果我打开DOS命令提示符,运行vcvarsall.bat,然后编译,然后它工作正常 . 请注意,运行vcvarsall.bat并执行 echo %LIB%
和 echo %INCLUDE%
后,我得到与上面相同的值 . 所以问题出在与某个地方的cygwin的互动,只是我无法弄清楚在哪里,但是: - (...
1 回答
验证情况
默认情况下,Cygwin prepends
/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin
到PATH,很可能是因为Cygwin的GNU链接工具正在使用,尽管您已经设置了环境 . 您可以使用echo $PATH
和link --version
或which link
.1进行验证快速修复
如果是这种情况,则在
~/.bash_profile
中定义PATH变量,以便首先找到MSVC链接器 . 由于Cygwin存储从作为ORIGINAL_PATH启动的Windows环境中的完整路径,因此您可以使用:通过这种方式定义PATH,Windows实用程序将优先于与Cygwin实用程序发生冲突的地方 - 例如official docs提及
find
,link
和sort
.最小路线
您可能希望采用更小的路线,并仅使用您需要的项目来定义新的PATH,而不是从Windows中获取整个PATH . 当然,您可以在
.bash_profile
中执行此操作,但也可以在启动Cygwin之前从Cygwin.bat
执行此操作 . 例如:同样,它在Cygwin中存储为ORIGINAL_PATH,然后您更改默认顺序,如上所述 . 请记住,当您计算出依赖关系等时,对于更复杂的场景,最小化方法可能变得有点“繁琐” .
使用选定的环境启动Cygwin
我通常更喜欢保持简单,当我需要使用MSVC或其他Windows实用程序时,将Cygwin实用程序放在整个Windows PATH的末尾 . 但并非总是如此,我确实喜欢我灵活的工具 . 在下面的最小示例中,修改了标准
Cygwin.bat
文件,以便在启动Cygwin时通过命令行参数选择一些预定义的设置 .这 must be accompanied by reordering the path in .bash_profile 如下图所示 .
1在此处和此处查看类似的SO主题 . 这个答案增加了那些 .