如何从我的Android应用程序发送电子邮件？-Java 学习之路

476

我正在为Android编写应用程序 . 我该如何发送电子邮件？

18 回答

最好（也是最简单）的方法是使用 Intent ：

Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
i.setType("message/rfc822");
i.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL  , new String[]{"recipient@example.com"});
i.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "subject of email");
i.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT   , "body of email");
try {
    startActivity(Intent.createChooser(i, "Send mail..."));
} catch (android.content.ActivityNotFoundException ex) {
    Toast.makeText(MyActivity.this, "There are no email clients installed.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}

否则你将不得不编写自己的客户端 .

回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00

12

使用 .setType("message/rfc822") 或选择器将显示支持发送意图的所有（许多）应用程序 .

回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00

很久以前我一直在使用它，看起来不错，没有非电子邮件应用程序出现 . 发送电子邮件意图的另一种方法：

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO); // it's not ACTION_SEND
intent.setType("text/plain");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Subject of email");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Body of email");
intent.setData(Uri.parse("mailto:default@recipient.com")); // or just "mailto:" for blank
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); // this will make such that when user returns to your app, your app is displayed, instead of the email app.
startActivity(intent);

回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00

188

我正在使用当前接受的答案中的某些内容，以便发送带有附加二进制错误日志文件的电子邮件 . GMail和K-9发送它很好，它也可以在我的邮件服务器上正常运行 . 唯一的问题是我选择Thunderbird的邮件客户端在打开/保存附加的日志文件时遇到了麻烦 . 事实上，它根本没有保存文件，没有抱怨 .

我看了一下这些邮件的源代码，发现日志文件附件（可以理解）是mime类型 message/rfc822 . 当然，附件不是附加的电子邮件 . 但Thunderbird无法优雅地应对这一微小错误 . 所以这有点令人失望 .

经过一些研究和实验，我想出了以下解决方案：

public Intent createEmailOnlyChooserIntent(Intent source,
        CharSequence chooserTitle) {
        Stack<Intent> intents = new Stack<Intent>();
        Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, Uri.fromParts("mailto",
                "info@domain.com", null));
        List<ResolveInfo> activities = getPackageManager()
                .queryIntentActivities(i, 0);

        for(ResolveInfo ri : activities) {
            Intent target = new Intent(source);
            target.setPackage(ri.activityInfo.packageName);
            intents.add(target);
        }

        if(!intents.isEmpty()) {
            Intent chooserIntent = Intent.createChooser(intents.remove(0),
                    chooserTitle);
            chooserIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_INITIAL_INTENTS,
                    intents.toArray(new Parcelable[intents.size()]));

            return chooserIntent;
        } else {
            return Intent.createChooser(source, chooserTitle);
        }
    }

它可以使用如下：

Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
        i.setType("*/*");
        i.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, Uri.fromFile(crashLogFile));
        i.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, new String[] {
            ANDROID_SUPPORT_EMAIL
        });
        i.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Crash report");
        i.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Some crash report details");

        startActivity(createEmailOnlyChooserIntent(i, "Send via email"));

如您所见，createEmailOnlyChooserIntent方法可以很容易地使用正确的意图和正确的mime类型 .

然后，它会查看响应ACTION_SENDTO mailto 协议意图（仅限电子邮件应用程序）的可用活动列表，并根据该活动列表和具有正确mime类型的原始ACTION_SEND意图构建选择器 .

另一个优点是Skype不再被列出（这恰好响应了rfc822的mime类型） .

回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00

要 JUST LET EMAIL APPS 来解决您的意图，您需要将ACTION_SENDTO指定为Action并将mailto指定为Data .

private void sendEmail(){

    Intent emailIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);
    emailIntent.setData(Uri.parse("mailto:" + "recipient@example.com")); 
    emailIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "My email's subject");
    emailIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "My email's body");

    try {
        startActivity(Intent.createChooser(emailIntent, "Send email using..."));
    } catch (android.content.ActivityNotFoundException ex) {
        Toast.makeText(Activity.this, "No email clients installed.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

}

回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00

使用 .setType("message/rfc822") 或 ACTION_SEND 的策略似乎也匹配不是电子邮件客户端的应用程序，例如Android Beam和蓝牙 .

使用 ACTION_SENDTO 和 mailto: URI似乎完美无缺，并且is recommended in the developer documentation . 但是，如果您在官方模拟器上执行此操作并且没有't any email accounts set up (or there aren' t任何邮件客户端），则会出现以下错误：

不支持的操作当前不支持该操作 .

如下所示：

Unsupported action: That action is not currently supported.

事实证明，模拟器将意图解析为名为com.android.fallback.Fallback的活动，该活动显示上述消息 . Apparently this is by design.

如果您希望您的应用程序绕过这个，以便它也可以在官方模拟器上正常工作，您可以在尝试发送电子邮件之前检查它：

private void sendEmail() {
    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO)
        .setData(new Uri.Builder().scheme("mailto").build())
        .putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, new String[]{ "John Smith <johnsmith@yourdomain.com>" })
        .putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Email subject")
        .putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Email body")
    ;

    ComponentName emailApp = intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager());
    ComponentName unsupportedAction = ComponentName.unflattenFromString("com.android.fallback/.Fallback");
    if (emailApp != null && !emailApp.equals(unsupportedAction))
        try {
            // Needed to customise the chooser dialog title since it might default to "Share with"
            // Note that the chooser will still be skipped if only one app is matched
            Intent chooser = Intent.createChooser(intent, "Send email with");
            startActivity(chooser);
            return;
        }
        catch (ActivityNotFoundException ignored) {
        }

    Toast
        .makeText(this, "Couldn't find an email app and account", Toast.LENGTH_LONG)
        .show();
}

在the developer documentation中查找更多信息 .

回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00

33
我用android文档解释的简单的代码行解决了这个问题 .

（https://developer.android.com/guide/components/intents-common.html#Email）

最重要的是旗帜：它是 ACTION_SENDTO ，而不是 ACTION_SEND

另一个重要的是
```
intent.setData(Uri.parse("mailto:")); ***// only email apps should handle this***
```
顺便说一句，如果你发送一个空的 Extra ，那么 if() 最终会赢得't work and the app won' t启动电子邮件客户端 .

根据Android文档 . 如果您想确保仅通过电子邮件应用程序（而不是其他文本消息或社交应用程序）处理您的意图，请使用 ACTION_SENDTO 操作并包含“ mailto: ”数据方案 . 例如：
```
public void composeEmail(String[] addresses, String subject) {
    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);
    intent.setData(Uri.parse("mailto:")); // only email apps should handle this
    intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, addresses);
    intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject);
    if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
        startActivity(intent);
    }
}
```
回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00
18

发送电子邮件可以使用Intents完成，无需配置 . 但随后它将需要用户交互，布局将受到一定限制 .

无需用户交互即可构建和发送更复杂的电子邮件，这需要构建自己的客户端 . 第一件事是Sun Java API for email不可用 . 我已成功利用Apache Mime4j库来构建电子邮件 . 全部基于nilvec的文档 .

回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00

简单试试这个

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.main);

    buttonSend = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonSend);
    textTo = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextTo);
    textSubject = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextSubject);
    textMessage = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextMessage);

    buttonSend.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {

            String to = textTo.getText().toString();
            String subject = textSubject.getText().toString();
            String message = textMessage.getText().toString();

            Intent email = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
            email.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, new String[] { to });
            // email.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC, new String[]{ to});
            // email.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_BCC, new String[]{to});
            email.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject);
            email.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, message);

            // need this to prompts email client only
            email.setType("message/rfc822");

            startActivity(Intent.createChooser(email, "Choose an Email client :"));

        }
    });
}

回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00

我在我的应用程序中使用以下代码 . 这会准确显示电子邮件客户端应用，例如Gmail .

Intent contactIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, Uri.fromParts("mailto", getString(R.string.email_to), null));
    contactIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, getString(R.string.email_subject));
    startActivity(Intent.createChooser(contactIntent, getString(R.string.email_chooser)));

回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00

这是示例工作代码，它在Android设备中打开 mail application 并在撰写邮件中自动填充 To address 和 Subject .

protected void sendEmail() {
    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);
    intent.setData(Uri.parse("mailto:feedback@gmail.com"));
    intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Feedback");
    if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
        startActivity(intent);
    }
}

回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00

其他解决办法可以

Intent emailIntent = new Intent(android.content.Intent.ACTION_SEND);
emailIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
emailIntent.setType("plain/text");
emailIntent.setClassName("com.google.android.gm", "com.google.android.gm.ComposeActivityGmail");
emailIntent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, new String[]{"someone@gmail.com"});
emailIntent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Yo");
emailIntent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Hi");
startActivity(emailIntent);

假设大多数Android设备已经安装了GMail应用程序 .

回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00

用它来发送电子邮件......

boolean success = EmailIntentBuilder.from(activity)
    .to("support@example.org")
    .cc("developer@example.org")
    .subject("Error report")
    .body(buildErrorReport())
    .start();

使用build gradle：

compile 'de.cketti.mailto:email-intent-builder:1.0.0'

回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00

此功能首先直接用于发送电子邮件的gmail，如果找不到gmail则推广意图选择器 . 我在许多商业应用程序中使用此功能，它工作正常 . 希望它能帮到你：

public static void sentEmail(Context mContext, String[] addresses, String subject, String body) {

    try {
        Intent sendIntentGmail = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
        sendIntentGmail.setType("plain/text");
        sendIntentGmail.setData(Uri.parse(TextUtils.join(",", addresses)));
        sendIntentGmail.setClassName("com.google.android.gm", "com.google.android.gm.ComposeActivityGmail");
        sendIntentGmail.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, addresses);
        if (subject != null) sendIntentGmail.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject);
        if (body != null) sendIntentGmail.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, body);
        mContext.startActivity(sendIntentGmail);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        //When Gmail App is not installed or disable
        Intent sendIntentIfGmailFail = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
        sendIntentIfGmailFail.setType("*/*");
        sendIntentIfGmailFail.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, addresses);
        if (subject != null) sendIntentIfGmailFail.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject);
        if (body != null) sendIntentIfGmailFail.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, body);
        if (sendIntentIfGmailFail.resolveActivity(mContext.getPackageManager()) != null) {
            mContext.startActivity(sendIntentIfGmailFail);
        }
    }
}

回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00

这将仅向您显示电子邮件客户端（以及出于某种未知原因的PayPal）

public void composeEmail() {

    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);
    intent.setData(Uri.parse("mailto:"));
    intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, new String[]{"hi@example.com"});
    intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Subject");
    intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Body");
    try {
        startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "Send mail..."));
    } catch (android.content.ActivityNotFoundException ex) {
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "There are no email clients installed.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}

回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00

这就是我做到的 . 很好，很简单 .

String emailUrl = "mailto:email@example.com?subject=Subject Text&body=Body Text";
        Intent request = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
        request.setData(Uri.parse(emailUrl));
        startActivity(request);

回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00

912

这种方法适合我 . 它会打开Gmail应用程序（如果已安装）并设置mailto .

public void openGmail(Activity activity) {
    Intent emailIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
    emailIntent.setType("text/plain");
    emailIntent.setType("message/rfc822");
    emailIntent.setData(Uri.parse("mailto:"+activity.getString(R.string.mail_to)));
    emailIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, activity.getString(R.string.app_name) + " - info ");
    final PackageManager pm = activity.getPackageManager();
    final List<ResolveInfo> matches = pm.queryIntentActivities(emailIntent, 0);
    ResolveInfo best = null;
    for (final ResolveInfo info : matches)
        if (info.activityInfo.packageName.endsWith(".gm") || info.activityInfo.name.toLowerCase().contains("gmail"))
            best = info;
    if (best != null)
        emailIntent.setClassName(best.activityInfo.packageName, best.activityInfo.name);
    activity.startActivity(emailIntent);
}

回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00

I used this code to send mail by launching default mail app compose section directly.

Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);
    i.setType("message/rfc822"); 
    i.setData(Uri.parse("mailto:"));
    i.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL  , new String[]{"test@gmail.com"});
    i.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Subject");
    i.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT   , "body of email");
    try {
        startActivity(Intent.createChooser(i, "Send mail..."));
    } catch (android.content.ActivityNotFoundException ex) {
        Toast.makeText(this, "There are no email clients installed.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

回复于 2024-04-29T12:12:41+08:00

如何从我的Android应用程序发送电子邮件？

18 回答

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