Mongoid：IPv6地址存储

我需要使用Rails3 Mongoid将IPv6地址存储在Mongodb数据库中 .

（大部分）也将是集合中的IPv4地址 .

我需要将地址存储为小数，因为我必须查询属于网络的地址（我将在不同的集合中存储网络和地址） .

我已经使用BigDecimals来存储这些地址（因为IPv6地址长度为128位）但是当我试图找到哪些地址属于网络时（具体地说：在网络和广播地址之间），我找不到任何可行的解决方案 .

Mongoid“gte”和“lte”似乎只对整数有效（BigDecimals实际上是字符串）并返回一个空列表，我找不到一种方法来查询我的mongoid模型的字符串范围 .

MongoDB似乎允许这个（http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/min+and+max+Query+Specifiers），但我没有在mongoid doc中找到相应的语法 .

像下面这样的查询引发了糟糕的“db断言失败”：

Network.min(address: ip.network.to_i.to_s).max(address: ip.broadcast.to_i.to_s)

“ip.to_i.to_s”提供了十进制地址的字符串表示，因为我正在使用IPAddress gem .

与'to_i'或“BigDecimal.new（ip.network.to_i）”相同的错误

另一个解决方案是将v6地址存储在2个64位整数中，但是对于范围查询来说它要复杂得多，我想对v6和v4地址使用相同的行为 .

有没有人有干净的方式来处理数据库中的IPv6地址查询？

这是我目前的网络模型：

class Network

  # INCLUSIONS

    include Mongoid::Document
    include Mongoid::Timestamps

  # RELATIONS

    belongs_to :vlan

  # FIELDS

    field :description
    field :address, type: BigDecimal
    field :prefix,  type: Integer
    field :v6,      type: Boolean
    field :routed,  type: Boolean

  # VALIDATIONS

    validates :ip,
      presence: true

    # Address must be a valid IP address
    validate :ip do
      errors.add(:ip, :invalid) unless ip? && ip == ip.network
    end

  # INSTANCE METHODS

    # Returns string representation of the address
    def address
      ip.to_s if ip
    end

    def address= value
      raise NoMethodError, 'address can not be set directly'
    end

    # Provides the IPAddress object
    def ip
      unless @ip.is_a?(IPAddress) || self[:address].blank?
        # Generate IP address
        if self[:v6]
          @ip = IPAddress::IPv6.parse_u128 self[:address].to_i
        else
          @ip = IPAddress::IPv4.parse_u32 self[:address].to_i
        end
        # Set IP prefix
        @ip.prefix = self[:prefix] if self[:prefix]
      end
      @ip
    end

    # Sets network IP
    def ip= value
      value          = value.to_s
      @ip            = value
      self[:address] = nil
      self[:prefix]  = nil
      self[:v6]      = nil
      begin
        @ip            = IPAddress value
        self[:address] = @ip.to_i
        self[:prefix]  = @ip.prefix
        self[:v6]      = @ip.ipv6?
      rescue
      end
    end

    # Whether IP is a IPAddress object
    def ip?
      ip.is_a? IPAddress
    end

    # Provides network prefix
    def prefix
      return ip.prefix if ip?
      self[:prefix]
    end

    def prefix= value
      raise NoMethodError, 'prefix can not be set directly'
    end

    # Provides string representation of the network
    def to_s
      ip? ? ip.to_string : @ip.to_s
    end

    def subnets
      networks = Network.min(address: ip.network.to_i.to_s).max(address: ip.broadcast.to_i.to_s)
      return networks
    end

end

子网方法是我正在研究的方法，用于检测嵌套到当前网络中的网络 .

请注意，我希望避免网络/子网与即将到来的主机地址之间的“强”数据库关系，以保持它们的动态 .

Update:

这是我的最后一堂课，可以很好地管理嵌套的IP网络 .

地址以十六进制存储为固定长度的字符串 . 它们可以存储在基本32中以匹配实际地址大小，但是hexa更易于阅读 .

子网方法提供当前网络的所有子网的列表 .

class Network

  # INCLUSIONS

    include Mongoid::Document
    include Mongoid::Timestamps

  # RELATIONS

    belongs_to :vlan

  # FIELDS

    field :description
    field :address, type: String
    field :prefix,  type: Integer
    field :routed,  type: Boolean
    field :v6,      type: Boolean

  # VALIDATIONS

    validates :ip,
      presence: true

    # Address must be a valid IP address
    validate do
      errors.add(:ip, :invalid) unless ip? && ip == ip.network
    end

    validate do
        errors.add(:ip, :prefix_invalid_v6) if ip && ip.ipv6? && (self[:prefix] < 0 || self[:prefix] > 64)
    end

  # INSTANCE METHODS

    # Returns string representation of the address
    def address
      ip.to_s if ip
    end

    def address= value
      raise NoMethodError, 'address can not be set directly'
    end

    # Provides the IPAddress object
    def ip
      unless @ip.is_a?(IPAddress) || self[:address].blank?
        # Generate IP address
        if v6
          @ip = IPAddress::IPv6.parse_u128 self[:address].to_i(16)
        else
          @ip = IPAddress::IPv4.parse_u32 self[:address].to_i(16)
        end
        # Set IP prefix
        @ip.prefix = self[:prefix] if self[:prefix]
      end
      @ip
    end

    # Sets network IP
    def ip= value
      value          = value.to_s
      @ip            = value
      self[:address] = nil
      self[:prefix]  = nil
      self[:v6]      = nil
      begin
        @ip            = IPAddress value
        self[:address] = @ip.to_i.to_s(16).rjust((@ip.ipv4? ? 8 : 32), '0')
        self[:prefix]  = @ip.prefix
        self[:v6]      = @ip.ipv6?
      rescue
      end
    end

    # Whether IP is a IPAddress object
    def ip?
      ip.is_a? IPAddress
    end

    # Provides network prefix
    def prefix
      return ip.prefix if ip?
      self[:prefix]
    end

    def prefix= value
      raise NoMethodError, 'prefix can not be set directly'
    end

    # Provides string representation of the network
    def to_s
      ip? ? ip.to_string : @ip.to_s
    end

    # Provides nested subnets list
    def subnets
      length= ip.ipv4? ? 8 : 32
      networks = Network.where(
        v6: v6,
        :address.gte => (ip.network.to_i.to_s(16)).rjust(length, '0'),
        :address.lte => (ip.broadcast.to_i.to_s(16).rjust(length, '0')),
        :prefix.gte  => ip.prefix
      ).asc(:address).asc(:prefix)
    end

end