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创建后如何在mongoose中填充子文档?

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我正在为item.comments列表添加评论 . 我需要在我在响应中输出之前获取comment.created_by用户数据 . 我该怎么做?

Item.findById(req.param('itemid'), function(err, item){
        var comment = item.comments.create({
            body: req.body.body
            , created_by: logged_in_user
        });

        item.comments.push(comment);

        item.save(function(err, item){
            res.json({
                status: 'success',
                message: "You have commented on this item",

//how do i populate comment.created_by here???

                comment: item.comments.id(comment._id)
            });
        }); //end item.save
    }); //end item.find

我需要在res.json输出中填充comment.created_by字段:

comment: item.comments.id(comment._id)

comment.created_by是我的mongoose CommentSchema中的用户引用 . 它目前只给我一个用户ID,我需要填充所有用户数据,密码和盐字段除外 .

以下是人们提出的架构:

var CommentSchema = new Schema({
    body          : { type: String, required: true }
  , created_by    : { type: Schema.ObjectId, ref: 'User', index: true }
  , created_at    : { type: Date }
  , updated_at    : { type: Date }
});

var ItemSchema = new Schema({
    name    : { type: String, required: true, trim: true }
  , created_by  : { type: Schema.ObjectId, ref: 'User', index: true }
  , comments  : [CommentSchema]
});

4 回答

  • 41

    为了填充引用的子文档,您需要显式定义ID引用的文档集合(如 created_by: { type: Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'User' } ) .

    鉴于此引用已定义且您的架构也已正确定义,您现在可以像往常一样调用 populate (例如 populate('comments.created_by')

    概念证明代码:

    // Schema
    var mongoose = require('mongoose');
    var Schema = mongoose.Schema;
    
    var UserSchema = new Schema({
      name: String
    });
    
    var CommentSchema = new Schema({
      text: String,
      created_by: { type: Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'User' }
    });
    
    var ItemSchema = new Schema({
       comments: [CommentSchema]
    });
    
    // Connect to DB and instantiate models    
    var db = mongoose.connect('enter your database here');
    var User = db.model('User', UserSchema);
    var Comment = db.model('Comment', CommentSchema);
    var Item = db.model('Item', ItemSchema);
    
    // Find and populate
    Item.find({}).populate('comments.created_by').exec(function(err, items) {
        console.log(items[0].comments[0].created_by.name);
    });
    

    最后请注意 populate 仅适用于查询,因此您需要先将项目传递给查询然后调用它:

    item.save(function(err, item) {
        Item.findOne(item).populate('comments.created_by').exec(function (err, item) {
            res.json({
                status: 'success',
                message: "You have commented on this item",
                comment: item.comments.id(comment._id)
            });
        });
    });
    
  • 65

    这可能是在编写原始答案后发生了变化,但看起来您现在可以使用Models populate函数来执行此操作,而无需执行额外的findOne . 见:http://mongoosejs.com/docs/api.html#model_Model.populate . 你想在保存处理程序中使用它,就像findOne一样 .

  • 5

    @ user1417684和@ chris-foster是对的!

    从工作代码中摘录(没有错误处理):

    var SubItemModel = mongoose.model('subitems', SubItemSchema);
    var ItemModel    = mongoose.model('items', ItemSchema);
    
    var new_sub_item_model = new SubItemModel(new_sub_item_plain);
    new_sub_item_model.save(function (error, new_sub_item) {
    
      var new_item = new ItemModel(new_item);
      new_item.subitem = new_sub_item._id;
      new_item.save(function (error, new_item) {
        // so this is a valid way to populate via the Model
        // as documented in comments above (here @stack overflow):
        ItemModel.populate(new_item, { path: 'subitem', model: 'subitems' }, function(error, new_item) {
          callback(new_item.toObject());
        });
        // or populate directly on the result object
        new_item.populate('subitem', function(error, new_item) {
          callback(new_item.toObject());
        });
      });
    
    });
    
  • 1

    我遇到了同样的问题,但经过几个小时的努力,我找到了解决方案 . 它可以不使用任何外部插件:)

    applicantListToExport: function (query, callback) {
      this
       .find(query).select({'advtId': 0})
       .populate({
          path: 'influId',
          model: 'influencer',
          select: { '_id': 1,'user':1},
          populate: {
            path: 'userid',
            model: 'User'
          }
       })
     .populate('campaignId',{'campaignTitle':1})
     .exec(callback);
    }
    

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