如何在.NET Core中将appsetting.json部分加载到Dictionary中？-Java 学习之路

我很熟悉将appsettings.json部分加载到.NET Core startup.cs中的强类型对象中 . 例如：

public class CustomSection 
{
   public int A {get;set;}
   public int B {get;set;}
}

//In Startup.cs
services.Configure<CustomSection>(Configuration.GetSection("CustomSection"));

//Inject an IOptions instance
public HomeController(IOptions<CustomSection> options) 
{
    var settings = options.Value;
}

我有一个appsettings.json部分，其键/值对随着时间的推移会在数量和名称上有所不同 . 因此，对类中的属性名称进行硬编码是不切实际的，因为新的键/值对需要在类中进行代码更改 . 一些键/值对的小样本：

"MobileConfigInfo": {
    "appointment-confirmed": "We've booked your appointment. See you soon!",
    "appointments-book": "New Appointment",
    "appointments-null": "We could not locate any upcoming appointments for you.",
    "availability-null": "Sorry, there are no available times on this date. Please try another."
}

有没有办法将此数据加载到MobileConfigInfo Dictionary对象中，然后使用IOptions模式将MobileConfigInfo注入控制器？

8 回答

0
您可以在 startup.cs 类中使用 Configuration.Bind(settings);

你的设置类就像
```
public class AppSettings
{
    public Dictionary<string, string> MobileConfigInfo
    {
        get;
        set;
    }
}
```
希望能帮助到你！
回复于 2024-05-20T13:37:31+08:00

使用这种结构格式：

"MobileConfigInfo": {
    "Values": {
       "appointment-confirmed": "We've booked your appointment. See you soon!",
       "appointments-book": "New Appointment",
       "appointments-null": "We could not locate any upcoming appointments for you.",
       "availability-null": "Sorry, there are no available times on this date. Please try another."
 }
}

使您的设置类看起来像这样：

public class CustomSection 
{
   public Dictionary<string, string> Values {get;set;}
}

然后这样做

services.Configure<CustomSection>((settings) =>
{
     Configuration.GetSection("MobileConfigInfo").Bind(settings);
});

回复于 2024-05-20T13:37:31+08:00

对于想要将其转换为 Dictionary 的其他人，

appsettings.json中的示例部分

"MailSettings": {
    "Server": "http://mail.mydomain.com"        
    "Port": "25",
    "From": "info@mydomain.com"
 }

以下代码应放在Startup文件> ConfigureServices方法中：

public static Dictionary<string, object> MailSettings { get; private set; }

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    //ConfigureServices code......

    MailSettings = 
        Configuration.GetSection("MailSettings").GetChildren()
        .Select(item => new KeyValuePair<string, string>(item.Key, item.Value))
        .ToDictionary(x => x.Key, x => x.Value);
}

现在您可以从以下任何地方访问字典：

string mailServer = Startup.MailSettings["Server"];

一个缺点是所有值都将作为字符串检索，如果您尝试任何其他类型，该值将为null .

回复于 2024-05-20T13:37:31+08:00

对于简单（可能是微服务）应用程序，您只需将其作为单例 Dictionary<string, string> 添加，然后将其注入到您需要的任何位置：

var mobileConfig = Configuration.GetSection("MobileConfigInfo")
                    .GetChildren().ToDictionary(x => x.Key, x => x.Value);

services.AddSingleton(mobileConfig);

用法：

public class MyDependantClass
{
    private readonly Dictionary<string, string> _mobileConfig;

    public MyDependantClass(Dictionary<string, string> mobileConfig)
    {
        _mobileConfig = mobileConfig;
    }

    // Use your mobile config here
}

回复于 2024-05-20T13:37:31+08:00

我相信你可以使用以下代码：

var config =  Configuration.GetSection("MobileConfigInfo").Get<Dictionary<string, string>>();

回复于 2024-05-20T13:37:31+08:00

作为ASP.Net Core 2.1中更复杂绑定的示例;根据the documention，我发现使用 ConfigurationBuilder .Get<T>() 方法更容易使用 .

ASP.NET Core 1.1及更高版本可以使用Get，它适用于整个部分 . 获取比使用Bind更方便 .

我在 Startup 方法中绑定了配置 .

private Config Config { get; }

public Startup(IConfiguration Configuration)
{
    Config = Configuration.Get<Config>();
}

这绑定了 appsettings 文件：

{
    "ConnectionStrings": {
        "Accounts": "Server=localhost;Database=Accounts;Trusted_Connection=True;",
        "test": "Server=localhost;Database=test;Trusted_Connection=True;",
        "Client": "Server=localhost;Database={DYNAMICALLY_BOUND_CONTEXT};Trusted_Connection=True;",
        "Support": "Server=localhost;Database=Support;Trusted_Connection=True;"
    },
    "Logging": {
        "IncludeScopes": false,
        "LogLevel": {
            "Default": "Debug",
            "System": "Information",
            "Microsoft": "Information"
        }
    },
    "Plugins": {
        "SMS": {
            "RouteMobile": {
                "Scheme": "https",
                "Host": "remote.host",
                "Port": 84567,
                "Path": "/bulksms",
                "Username": "username",
                "Password": "password",
                "Source": "CompanyName",
                "DeliveryReporting": true,
                "MessageType": "Unicode"
            }
        },
        "SMTP": {
            "GenericSmtp": {
                "Scheme": "https",
                "Host": "mail.host",
                "Port": 25,
                "EnableSsl": true,
                "Username": "smtpuser@mail.host",
                "Password": "password",
                "DefaultSender": "noreply@companyname.co.uk"
            }
        }
    }
}

进入这个配置结构：

[DataContract]
public class Config
{
    [DataMember]
    public Dictionary<string, string> ConnectionStrings { get; set; }
    [DataMember]
    public PluginCollection Plugins { get; set; }
}

[DataContract]
public class PluginCollection
{
    [DataMember]
    public Dictionary<string, SmsConfiguration> Sms { get; set; }
    [DataMember]
    public Dictionary<string, EmailConfiguration> Smtp { get; set; }
}

[DataContract]
public class SmsConfiguration
{
    [DataMember]
    public string Scheme { get; set; }
    [DataMember]
    public string Host { get; set; }
    [DataMember]
    public int Port { get; set; }
    [DataMember]
    public string Path { get; set; }
    [DataMember]
    public string Username { get; set; }
    [DataMember]
    public string Password { get; set; }
    [DataMember]
    public string Source { get; set; }
    [DataMember]
    public bool DeliveryReporting { get; set; }
    [DataMember]
    public string Encoding { get; set; }
}

[DataContract]
public class EmailConfiguration
{
    [DataMember]
    public string Scheme { get; set; }
    [DataMember]
    public string Host { get; set; }
    [DataMember]
    public int Port { get; set; }
    [DataMember]
    public string Path { get; set; }
    [DataMember]
    public string Username { get; set; }
    [DataMember]
    public string Password { get; set; }
    [DataMember]
    public string DefaultSender { get; set; }
    [DataMember]
    public bool EnableSsl { get; set; }
}

回复于 2024-05-20T13:37:31+08:00

我用下面的方法：

appsettings.json：

"services": {
      "user-service": "http://user-service:5000/",
      "app-service": "http://app-service:5000/"
  }

startup.cs：

services.Configure<Dictionary<string, string>>(Configuration.GetSection("services"));

用法：

private readonly Dictionary<string, string> _services;
public YourConstructor(IOptions<Dictionary<string, string>> servicesAccessor)
{
    _services = servicesAccessor.Value;
}

回复于 2024-05-20T13:37:31+08:00

10
到目前为止，最简单的方法是将配置类定义为从要支持的Dictionary类型继承 .
```
public class MobileConfigInfo:Dictionary<string, string>{
}
```
然后，您的启动和依赖注入支持将与任何其他配置类型完全相同 .
回复于 2024-05-20T13:37:31+08:00

如何在.NET Core中将appsetting.json部分加载到Dictionary中？

8 回答

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