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如何使枚举符合Swift中的协议？

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Swift文档说类，结构和枚举都可以符合协议，我可以达到一致的程度 . 但我无法让enum表现得像类和结构示例：

protocol ExampleProtocol {
    var simpleDescription: String { get set }
    mutating func adjust()
}

class SimpleClass: ExampleProtocol {
    var simpleDescription: String = "A very simple class."
    var anotherProperty: Int = 69105

    func adjust() {
        simpleDescription += " Now 100% adjusted."
    }
}

var a = SimpleClass()
a.adjust()
let aDescription = a.simpleDescription

struct SimpleStructure: ExampleProtocol {
    var simpleDescription: String = "A simple structure"

    mutating func adjust() {
        simpleDescription += " (adjusted)"
    }
}

var b = SimpleStructure()
b.adjust()
let bDescription = b.simpleDescription

enum SimpleEnum: ExampleProtocol {
    case Base

    var simpleDescription: String {
        get {
            return "A Simple Enum"
        }
        set {
            newValue
        }
    }

    mutating func adjust() {
        self.simpleDescription += ", adjusted"
    }
}

var c = SimpleEnum.Base
c.adjust()
let cDescription = c.simpleDescription

我还没想出如何通过调用 adjust() 来改变 simpleDescription . 我的例子显然不会这样做，因为getter的值是硬编码的，但是如何设置 simpleDescription 的值，同时仍然符合 ExampleProtocol ？

swift enums swift-protocols

15 回答

  • 1

    这是我的尝试：

    protocol ExampleProtocol {
    var simpleDescription: String { get }
    mutating func adjust()
}

enum ExampleEnum : ExampleProtocol {
    case Base, Adjusted

    var simpleDescription: String {
        return self.getDescription()
    }

    func getDescription() -> String {
        switch self {
        case .Base:
            return "A simple description of enum"
        case .Adjusted:
            return "Adjusted description of enum"
        }
    }

    mutating func adjust() {
        self = ExampleEnum.Adjusted
    }
}

var c = ExampleEnum.Base
c.adjust()
let cDescription = c.simpleDescription
    回复于
  • 138

    这是我的看法 .

    由于这是一个 enum 而不是 class ，你必须考虑不同的（TM）：当你的 enum 发生变化时，你的描述必须改变（正如@ hu-qiang指出的那样） .

    enum SimpleEnumeration: ExampleProtocol {
  case Basic, Adjusted

  var description: String {
    switch self {
    case .Basic:
      return "A simple Enumeration"
    case .Adjusted:
      return "A simple Enumeration [adjusted]"
    }
  }

  mutating func adjust()  {
    self = .Adjusted
  }
}

var c = SimpleEnumeration.Basic
c.description
c.adjust()
c.description

    希望有所帮助 .

    回复于
  • 1

    这是另一种方法，只使用从巡回赛获得的知识，直到那一点*

    enum SimpleEnumeration: String, ExampleProtocol {
    case Basic = "A simple enumeration", Adjusted = "A simple enumeration (adjusted)"

    var simpleDescription: String {
        get {
            return self.toRaw()
        }
    }

    mutating func adjust() {
        self = .Adjusted
    }
}

var c = SimpleEnumeration.Basic
c.adjust()
let cDescription = c.simpleDescription

    如果你想 adjust() 作为一个切换（虽然没有任何暗示是这种情况），使用：

    mutating func adjust() {
    switch self {
    case .Basic:
        self = .Adjusted
    default:
        self = .Basic
    }
}

    *（虽然它没有明确提到如何指定返回类型和协议）

    回复于
  • 41

    这是一个不改变当前枚举值的解决方案，而是改变它们的实例值（以防它对任何人都有用） .

    enum ProtoEnumeration : ExampleProtocol {
    case One(String)
    case Two(String)

    var simpleDescription: String {
        get {
            switch self {
            case let .One(desc):
                return desc
            case let .Two(desc):
                return desc
            }
        }
    }
    mutating func adjust() {
        switch self {
        case let .One(desc):
            self = .One(desc + ", adjusted 1")
        case let .Two(desc):
            self = .Two(desc + ", adjusted 2")
        }
    }
}

var p = ProtoEnumeration.One("test")
p.simpleDescription
p.adjust()
p.simpleDescription
    回复于
  • 7

    在枚举中没有getter和setter定义变量是不可能的，因此不可能有一个可以修改的变量 .

    您可以符合协议，但不能像在类中一样进行变异 .

    回复于
  • 0

    关于swift中的enum是一个link .

    结构和枚举是值类型 . 默认情况下，无法在其实例方法中修改值类型的属性 . link

    然后，你必须使用变异功能 .

    enum ProtocolEnum: ExampleProtocol {
    case on, off
    var simpleDescription: String {
        switch self {
        case .on:
            return "Switch is ON"
        case .off:
            return "Switch is OFF"
        }
    }
    mutating func adjust() {
        switch self {
        case .on:
            self = off
        case .off:
            self = on
        }
    }
}

var c = ProtocolEnum.on
c.simpleDescription
c.adjust()
let cDescription = c.simpleDescription
    回复于
  • 1

    另一种选择是adjust（）在案例之间翻转，如下所示：

    enum SimpleEnum: ExampleProtocol {
    case Foo, Bar

    var simpleDescription: String {
    get {
        let value = self == .Foo
            ? "Foo"
            : "Bar"
        return "A simple \(value) enum."
    }
    }

    mutating func adjust() {
        self = self == .Foo
            ? .Bar
            : .Foo
    }
}
    回复于
  • 11

    以杰克的答案为基础：

    protocol ICanWalk {
    var description: String { get }
    mutating func stepIt()
}

enum TwoStepsForwardThreeStepsBack: Int, ICanWalk {
    case Base = 0, Step1, Step2

    var description: String {
        return "Step \(self.rawValue)"
    }

    mutating func stepIt() {
        if let nextStep = TwoStepsForwardThreeStepsBack( rawValue: self.rawValue + 1 ) {
            // going forward.
            self = nextStep
        } else {
            // back to the base.
            self = TwoStepsForwardThreeStepsBack.Base
        }
    }
}
    回复于
  • 0

    我想出了这个

    protocol ExampleProtocol {
    var simpleDescription: String { get }
    mutating func adjust()
}

enum Seat: ExampleProtocol {
    case WindowSeat, MiddleSeat, AisleSeat

    var simpleDescription : String {
        switch self {
        case .WindowSeat:
            return "Window Seat"
        case .MiddleSeat:
            return "Middle Seat"
        case .AisleSeat:
            return "Aisle Seat"
        }
    }

    mutating func adjust() {
        switch self {
        case .WindowSeat:
            self = .MiddleSeat
        case .MiddleSeat:
            self = . AisleSeat
        case .AisleSeat:
            self = .WindowSeat
        }
    }
}

var seat = Seat.MiddleSeat
print(seat.simpleDescription) // Middle Seat
seat.adjust()
print(seat.simpleDescription) // Aisle Seat
    回复于
  • 0

    这是我的代码

    enum SimpleEnum: ExampleProtocol {
    case Base, Adjusted
    var simpleDescription: String {
        get {
            var description = "A simple enum."
            switch self {
            case .Base:
                return description
            case .Adjusted:
                return description + " - [adjusted]"
            }
        }
    }
    mutating func adjust() {
        self = SimpleEnum.Adjusted
    }
}
var simpleEnum = SimpleEnum.Base
simpleEnum.adjust()
simpleEnum.simpleDescription
    回复于
  • 2

    我的第一个贡献是：

    enum SimpleEnum: ExampleProtocol {
    case Basic(String), Adjusted(String)
    init() {
        self = SimpleEnum.Basic("A simple Enum")

    }

    var simpleDescription: String {
        get {
            switch self {
            case let .Basic(string):
                return string
            case let .Adjusted(string):
                return string
            }
        }
    }

    mutating func adjust() {
        self = SimpleEnum.Adjusted("full adjusted")

    }
}

var c = SimpleEnum()
c.adjust()
let cDescription = c.simpleDescription

    谢谢别人！

    回复于
  • 0

    由于之前的SimpleClass和SimpleStructure示例显示内部修改了simpleDescription属性，这个实验也让我失望了，这让我觉得我需要做同样的事情 . 在查看了此处发布的其他答案并阅读官方Apple Swift 2.1文档后，我想出了这个：

    protocol ExampleProtocol {
     var simpleDescription: String { get }
     mutating func adjust()
}

enum SimpleEnum: ExampleProtocol {
    case Simple
    case Adjusted

    var simpleDescription: String {
        switch self {
        case .Simple:
            return "A simple enumeration"
        case .Adjusted:
            return "A simple enumeration somewhat changed."
        }
    }

    mutating func adjust() {
        self = .Adjusted
    }

    mutating func restore() {
        self = .Simple
    }
}

var d: SimpleEnum = .Simple
d.simpleDescription

d.adjust()
d.simpleDescription

d.restore()
d.simpleDescription

    另请注意，在本实验之前，Apple为SimpleClass和SimpleStructure给出的示例中，简单描述在内部丢失 - 您无法获得原始值（除非您将其保存在类/结构之外）;这就是促使我为SimpleEnum示例创建一个restore（）方法的原因，它允许您在值之间来回切换它 . 希望这对某人有用！

    回复于
  • 0

    我认为目标只是保留状态并使用描述来使当前状态更容易阅读：

    enum SimpleEnum: ExampleProtocol {

    case Default, Adjusted

    init() {
        self = .Default
    }

    var simpleDescription: String { get { return "\(self) Value" }}

    mutating func adjust() {
        self = .Adjusted
    }
}

var simpleEnum = SimpleEnum()
simpleEnum.adjust()
let adjustedSimple = simpleEnum.simpleDescript
    回复于
  • -1

    Another variation: Using associated values to hold and display previous option （格式为"Selected 1, adjusted from 2, adjusted from 1, adjusted from 2, adjusted from 1"）

    protocol ExampleProtocol {
     var simpleDescription: String { get }
     mutating func adjust()
}

indirect enum EnumWithDescription: ExampleProtocol {
    case option1(EnumWithDescription?)
    case option2(EnumWithDescription?)
    var simpleDescription: String {
        return "Selected " + getDescription()
    }
    internal func getDescription() -> String {
        var currentValue: String
        let previousValue : EnumWithDescription?
        switch self {
        case .option1(let previous):
            currentValue = "1"
            previousValue = previous
        case .option2(let previous):
            currentValue = "2"
            previousValue = previous
        }
        if let adjustedFrom = previousValue?.getDescription() {
            return "\(currentValue) adjusted from \(adjustedFrom)"
        }
        else {
            return "\(currentValue)"
        }
    }
    mutating func adjust() {
        switch self {
        case .option1:
            self = .option2(self)
        case .option2:
            self = .option1(self)
        }
    }
}
var d = EnumWithDescription.option1(nil)
d.simpleDescription
d.adjust()
d.adjust()
d.simpleDescription
// Output: "Selected 1, adjusted from 2, adjusted from 1, adjusted from 2, adjusted from 1"
    回复于
  • 4

    这个怎么样

    enum SimpleEnum : ExampleProtocol {
    case Desc(String)
    init() {
        self = Desc("a simple enum")
    }
    var simpleDescription:String {
        get {
            return (Mirror(reflecting: self).children.first!.value as? String)!
        }
    }
    mutating func adjust() {
        self = SimpleEnum.Desc(self.desc + " adjusted")
    }
}
var e = SimpleEnum()
e.simpleDescription    # => "a simple enum"
e.adjust()
e.simpleDescription    # => "a simple enum adjusted"
    回复于

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