Swift：将String拆分为数组-Java 学习之路

571

说我在这里有一个字符串：

var fullName: String = "First Last"

我想在白色空间上拆分字符串，并将值分配给它们各自的变量

var fullNameArr = // something like: fullName.explode(" ") 

var firstName: String = fullNameArr[0]
var lastName: String? = fullnameArr[1]

此外，有时用户可能没有姓氏 .

30 回答

91
Swift 3
```
let line = "AAA    BBB\t CCC"
let fields = line.components(separatedBy: .whitespaces).filter {!$0.isEmpty}
```
- 返回三个字符串 AAA ， BBB 和 CCC
- 过滤掉空白字段
- 处理多个空格和制表字符
- 如果要处理新行，则将 .whitespaces 替换为 .whitespacesAndNewlines
回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00
1
我发现了一个有趣的案例

method 1
```
var data:[String] = split( featureData ) { $0 == "\u{003B}" }
```
当我使用此命令拆分某些符号 from the data that loaded from server 时，它可以在模拟器中进行测试时拆分并与测试设备同步，但它不会在发布应用程序和Ad Hoc中拆分

我花了很多时间来跟踪这个错误，它可能会受到一些Swift版本或某些iOS版本的诅咒，或者两者兼而有之

它也不是关于HTML代码，因为我尝试使用stringByRemovingPercentEncoding并且它仍然不起作用

addition 10/10/2015

在Swift 2.0中，此方法已更改为
```
var data:[String] = featureData.split {$0 == "\u{003B}"}
```
method 2
```
var data:[String] = featureData.componentsSeparatedByString("\u{003B}")
```
当我使用此命令时， it can split the same data that load from server correctly

Conclusion, I really suggest to use the method 2
```
string.componentsSeparatedByString("")
```
回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

As per Swift 2.2

您只需编写2行代码即可获得拆分字符串 .

let fullName = "FirstName LastName"
var splitedFullName = fullName.componentsSeparatedByString(" ")
print(splitedFullName[0])
print(splitedFullName[1])

请享用 . :)

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

713
假设您有一个名为“Hello World”的变量，如果您想将其拆分并将其存储到两个不同的变量中，您可以像这样使用：
```
var fullText = "Hello World"
let firstWord = fullText.text?.components(separatedBy: " ").first
let lastWord = fullText.text?.components(separatedBy: " ").last
```
回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

Xcode 9 Swift 4 或 Xcode 8.2.1 • Swift 3.0.2

如果您只需要正确格式化人名，则可以使用PersonNameComponentsFormatter .

PersonNameComponentsFormatter类提供人名的组件的本地化表示，由PersonNameComponents对象表示 . 在向用户显示人员姓名信息时，使用此类创建本地化名称 .

// iOS (9.0 and later), macOS (10.11 and later), tvOS (9.0 and later), watchOS (2.0 and later)
let nameFormatter = PersonNameComponentsFormatter()

let name =  "Mr. Steven Paul Jobs Jr."
// personNameComponents requires iOS (10.0 and later)
if let nameComps  = nameFormatter.personNameComponents(from: name) {
    nameComps.namePrefix   // Mr.
    nameComps.givenName    // Steven
    nameComps.middleName   // Paul
    nameComps.familyName   // Jobs
    nameComps.nameSuffix   // Jr.

    // It can also be convufgured to format your names
    // Default (same as medium), short, long or abbreviated

    nameFormatter.style = .default
    nameFormatter.string(from: nameComps)   // "Steven Jobs"

    nameFormatter.style = .short
    nameFormatter.string(from: nameComps)   // "Steven"

    nameFormatter.style = .long
    nameFormatter.string(from: nameComps)   // "Mr. Steven Paul Jobs jr."

    nameFormatter.style = .abbreviated
    nameFormatter.string(from: nameComps)   // SJ

    // It can also be use to return an attributed string using annotatedString method
    nameFormatter.style = .long
    nameFormatter.annotatedString(from: nameComps)   // "Mr. Steven Paul Jobs jr."
}

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

855

希望这是有帮助的

Swift 4: Split a String into an array. Step 1: assign string. step 2: based on @ spliting. Note: variableName.components(separatedBy: "split keyword")

let fullName: String = "First Last @ triggerd event of the session by session storage @ it can be divided by the event of the trigger."
let fullNameArr = fullName.components(separatedBy: "@")
print("split", fullNameArr)

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

我还没有找到能够处理具有3个或更多组件的名称并支持旧iOS版本的解决方案 .

struct NameComponentsSplitter {

    static func split(fullName: String) -> (String?, String?) {
        guard !fullName.isEmpty else {
            return (nil, nil)
        }
        let components = fullName.components(separatedBy: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
        let lastName = components.last
        let firstName = components.dropLast().joined(separator: " ")
        return (firstName.isEmpty ? nil : firstName, lastName)
    }
}

通过测试用例：

func testThatItHandlesTwoComponents() {
    let (firstName, lastName) = NameComponentsSplitter.split(fullName: "John Smith")
    XCTAssertEqual(firstName, "John")
    XCTAssertEqual(lastName, "Smith")
}

func testThatItHandlesMoreThanTwoComponents() {
    var (firstName, lastName) = NameComponentsSplitter.split(fullName: "John Clark Smith")
    XCTAssertEqual(firstName, "John Clark")
    XCTAssertEqual(lastName, "Smith")

    (firstName, lastName) = NameComponentsSplitter.split(fullName: "John Clark Jr. Smith")
    XCTAssertEqual(firstName, "John Clark Jr.")
    XCTAssertEqual(lastName, "Smith")
}

func testThatItHandlesEmptyInput() {
    let (firstName, lastName) = NameComponentsSplitter.split(fullName: "")
    XCTAssertEqual(firstName, nil)
    XCTAssertEqual(lastName, nil)
}

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

6

Swift 4使得分割字符变得更加容易，只需使用字符串的新分割功能 .

示例： let s = "hi, hello" let a = s.split(separator: ",") print(a)

现在你有一个'hi'和'hello'的数组 .

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00
37
我有一个场景，我想要拆分的字符串中可以存在多个控制字符 . 我没有维护这些数组，而是让Apple处理这一部分 .

以下适用于iOS 10上的Swift 3.0.1：
```
let myArray = myString.components(separatedBy: .controlCharacters)
```
回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

最简单的方法是使用componentsSeparatedBy：

For Swift 2:

import Foundation
let fullName : String = "First Last";
let fullNameArr : [String] = fullName.componentsSeparatedByString(" ")

// And then to access the individual words:

var firstName : String = fullNameArr[0]
var lastName : String = fullNameArr[1]

For Swift 3:

import Foundation

let fullName : String = "First Last"
let fullNameArr : [String] = fullName.components(separatedBy: " ")

// And then to access the individual words:

var firstName : String = fullNameArr[0]
var lastName : String = fullNameArr[1]

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

或者没有闭包你可以在Swift 2中做到这一点：

let fullName = "First Last"
let fullNameArr = fullName.characters.split(" ")
let firstName = String(fullNameArr[0])

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

var fullName = "James Keagan Michael"
let first = fullName.components(separatedBy: " ").first?.isEmpty == false ? fullName.components(separatedBy: " ").first! : "John"
let last =  fullName.components(separatedBy: " ").last?.isEmpty == false && fullName.components(separatedBy: " ").last != fullName.components(separatedBy: " ").first ? fullName.components(separatedBy: " ").last! : "Doe"

禁止使用相同的姓氏和名字
如果全名无效，请使用占位符值"John Doe"

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

对于swift 2，XCode 7.1：

let complete_string:String = "Hello world"
let string_arr =  complete_string.characters.split {$0 == " "}.map(String.init)
let hello:String = string_arr[0]
let world:String = string_arr[1]

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

作为WMios答案的替代方案，您还可以使用 componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet ，如果您有更多的分隔符（空格，逗号等），这可能很方便 .

根据您的具体输入：

let separators = NSCharacterSet(charactersInString: " ")
var fullName: String = "First Last";
var words = fullName.componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet(separators)

// words contains ["First", "Last"]

使用多个分隔符：

let separators = NSCharacterSet(charactersInString: " ,")
var fullName: String = "Last, First Middle";
var words = fullName.componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet(separators)

// words contains ["Last", "First", "Middle"]

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

字符串处理在Swift中仍然是一个挑战，它会不断变化，正如您可以从其他答案中看到的那样 . 希望事情能够安定下来并且变得更加简单 . 这是使用当前3.0版本的Swift和多个分隔符进行此操作的方法 .

Swift 3:

let chars = CharacterSet(charactersIn: ".,; -")
let split = phrase.components(separatedBy: chars)

// Or if the enums do what you want, these are preferred. 
let chars2 = CharacterSet.alphaNumerics // .whitespaces, .punctuation, .capitalizedLetters etc
let split2 = phrase.components(separatedBy: chars2)

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

Swift Dev. 4.0 (May 24, 2017)

Swift 4中的新函数 split （ Beta ） .

import Foundation
let sayHello = "Hello Swift 4 2017";
let result = sayHello.split(separator: " ")
print(result)

输出：

["Hello", "Swift", "4", "2017"]

访问值：

print(result[0]) // Hello
print(result[1]) // Swift
print(result[2]) // 4
print(result[3]) // 2017

Xcode 8.1 / Swift 3.0.1

这是多个分隔符与数组的方式 .

import Foundation
let mathString: String = "12-37*2/5"
let numbers = mathString.components(separatedBy: ["-", "*", "/"])
print(numbers)

输出：

["12", "37", "2", "5"]

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

157
这些答案中的大多数都假设输入包含空格 - 而不是 white 空格，并且在该空间处有一个空格 . 如果你可以安全地做出这个假设，那么接受的答案（来自bennett）是非常优雅的，也是我能用的方法 .

当我们无法做出这样的假设时，一个更强大的解决方案需要涵盖以下大多数答案不考虑的问题：
- tabs / newlines / spaces（空格），包括 recurring 个字符
- 前导/尾随空格
- Apple / Linux（ \n ） and Windows（ \r\n ）换行符
为了涵盖这些情况，此解决方案使用正则表达式将所有空格（包括重复和Windows换行符）转换为单个空格，修剪，然后按单个空格拆分：

Swift 3:
```
let searchInput = "  First \r\n \n \t\t\tMiddle    Last "
let searchTerms = searchInput 
    .replacingOccurrences(
        of: "\\s+",
        with: " ",
        options: .regularExpression
    )
    .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
    .components(separatedBy: " ")

// searchTerms == ["First", "Middle", "Last"]
```
回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00
1
我正在寻找松散的分裂，例如PHP的 explode ，其中空序列包含在结果数组中，这对我有用：
```
"First ".split(separator: " ", maxSplits: 1, omittingEmptySubsequences: false)
```
Output:
```
["First", ""]
```
回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00
12
空白问题

一般来说，人们一遍又一遍地重塑这个问题和糟糕的解决方案 . 这是一个空间吗？ “”和“你”之前的“\ n”，“\ t”或一些unicode空白字符有什么关系，这在很大程度上是因为它是看不见的 . 虽然你可以逃脱

一个弱的解决方案
```
import Foundation
let pieces = "Mary had little lamb".componentsSeparatedByString(" ")
```
如果您需要动摇现实，请观看有关字符串或日期的WWDC视频 . 简而言之，几乎总是更好允许Apple解决这种平凡的任务 .

强大的解决方案：使用NSCharacterSet

正确地执行此操作的方法，恕我直言，是使用 NSCharacterSet ，因为如前所述，您的空白可能不是您所期望的，Apple提供了空白字符集 . 要探索各种提供的字符集，请查看Apple的NSCharacterSet developer documentation，然后，只有在不符合您需要的情况下，才会扩充或构造新的字符集 .

NSCharacterSet空格

返回包含Unicode General Category Zs和CHARACTER TABULATION（U 0009）中字符的字符集 .
```
let longerString: String = "This is a test of the character set splitting system"
let components = longerString.components(separatedBy: .whitespaces)
print(components)
```
回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

只需在 fullName 上调用 componentsSeparatedByString 方法

import Foundation

var fullName: String = "First Last"
let fullNameArr = fullName.componentsSeparatedByString(" ")

var firstName: String = fullNameArr[0]
var lastName: String = fullNameArr[1]

Update for Swift 3+

import Foundation

let fullName    = "First Last"
let fullNameArr = fullName.components(separatedBy: " ")

let name    = fullNameArr[0]
let surname = fullNameArr[1]

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

Swift 4, Xcode 10 and iOS 12 Update 100% working

let fullName = "First Last"    
let fullNameArr = fullName.components(separatedBy: " ")
let firstName = fullNameArr[0] //First
let lastName = fullnameArr[1] //Last

有关详细信息，请参阅Apple's documentation here .

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

8
Swift方式是使用全局 split 函数，如下所示：
```
var fullName = "First Last"
var fullNameArr = split(fullName) {$0 == " "}
var firstName: String = fullNameArr[0]
var lastName: String? = fullNameArr.count > 1 ? fullNameArr[1] : nil
```
与 Swift 2

在Swift 2中，由于引入了内部的CharacterView类型，split的使用变得有点复杂 . 这意味着String不再采用SequenceType或CollectionType协议，您必须使用 .characters 属性来访问String实例的CharacterView类型表示 . （注意：CharacterView确实采用SequenceType和CollectionType协议） .
```
let fullName = "First Last"
let fullNameArr = fullName.characters.split{$0 == " "}.map(String.init)
// or simply:
// let fullNameArr = fullName.characters.split{" "}.map(String.init)

fullNameArr[0] // First
fullNameArr[1] // Last
```
回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

let str = "one two"
let strSplit = str.characters.split(" ").map(String.init) // returns ["one", "two"]

Xcode 7.2 (7C68)

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

Xcode 8.0 / Swift 3

let fullName = "First Last"
var fullNameArr = fullName.components(separatedBy: " ")

var firstname = fullNameArr[0] // First
var lastname = fullNameArr[1] // Last

很长的路要走：

var fullName: String = "First Last"
fullName += " " // this will help to see the last word

var newElement = "" //Empty String
var fullNameArr = [String]() //Empty Array

for Character in fullName.characters {
    if Character == " " {
        fullNameArr.append(newElement)
        newElement = ""
    } else {
        newElement += "\(Character)"
    }
}


var firsName = fullNameArr[0] // First
var lastName = fullNameArr[1] // Last

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

3
这已经在Beta 5中再次改变了.Weee！它现在是CollectionType上的一个方法

旧：
```
var fullName = "First Last"
var fullNameArr = split(fullName) {$0 == " "}
```
新：
```
var fullName = "First Last"
var fullNameArr = fullName.split {$0 == " "}
```
Apples Release Notes
回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

Swift 2.2 Error Handling & capitalizedString Added :

func setFullName(fullName: String) {
    var fullNameComponents = fullName.componentsSeparatedByString(" ")

    self.fname = fullNameComponents.count > 0 ? fullNameComponents[0]: ""
    self.sname = fullNameComponents.count > 1 ? fullNameComponents[1]: ""

    self.fname = self.fname!.capitalizedString
    self.sname = self.sname!.capitalizedString
}

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

Swift 4

let string = "loremipsum.dolorsant.amet:"

let result = string.components(separatedBy: ".")

print(result[0])
print(result[1])
print(result[2])
print("total: \(result.count)")

Output

loremipsum
dolorsant
amet:
total: 3

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

在Swift 4.2和Xcode 10中

//This is your str
let str = "This is my String" //Here replace with your string

Option 1

let items = str.components(separatedBy: " ")//Here replase space with your value and result is Array.
//Direct line of code
//let items = "This is my String".components(separatedBy: " ")
let str1 = items[0]
let str2 = items[1]
let str3 = items[2]
let str4 = items[3]
//OutPut
print(items.count)
print(str1)
print(str2)
print(str3)
print(str4)
print(items.first!)
print(items.last!)

Option 2

let items = str.split(separator: " ")
let str1 = String(items.first!)
let str2 = String(items.last!)
//Output
print(items.count)
print(items)
print(str1)
print(str2)

Option 3

let arr = str.split {$0 == " "}
print(arr)

Option 4

By Apple Documentation....

let line = "BLANCHE:   I don't want realism. I want magic!"
print(line.split(separator: " "))
print(line.split(separator: " ", maxSplits: 1))//This can split your string into 2 parts
print(line.split(separator: " ", maxSplits: 2))//This can split your string into 3 parts
print(line.split(separator: " ", omittingEmptySubsequences: false))//array contains empty strings where spaces were repeated.
print(line.split(separator: " ", omittingEmptySubsequences: true))//array not contains empty strings where spaces were repeated.
print(line.split(separator: " ", maxSplits: 4, omittingEmptySubsequences: false))
print(line.split(separator: " ", maxSplits: 3, omittingEmptySubsequences: true))

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

Swift 4

let words = "these words will be elements in an array".components(separatedBy: " ")

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

这是我刚刚构建的算法，它将从数组中分割 String 任何 Character ，如果有任何希望保留带有分割字符的子串，可以将 swallow 参数设置为 true .

Xcode 7.3 - Swift 2.2：

extension String {

    func splitBy(characters: [Character], swallow: Bool = false) -> [String] {

        var substring = ""
        var array = [String]()
        var index = 0

        for character in self.characters {

            if let lastCharacter = substring.characters.last {

                // swallow same characters
                if lastCharacter == character {

                    substring.append(character)

                } else {

                    var shouldSplit = false

                    // check if we need to split already
                    for splitCharacter in characters {
                        // slit if the last character is from split characters or the current one
                        if character == splitCharacter || lastCharacter == splitCharacter {

                            shouldSplit = true
                            break
                        }
                    }

                    if shouldSplit {

                        array.append(substring)
                        substring = String(character)

                    } else /* swallow characters that do not equal any of the split characters */ {

                        substring.append(character)
                    }
                }
            } else /* should be the first iteration */ {

                substring.append(character)
            }

            index += 1

            // add last substring to the array
            if index == self.characters.count {

                array.append(substring)
            }
        }

        return array.filter {

            if swallow {

                return true

            } else {

                for splitCharacter in characters {

                    if $0.characters.contains(splitCharacter) {

                        return false
                    }
                }
                return true
            }
        }
    }
}

例：

"test text".splitBy([" "]) // ["test", "text"]
"test++text--".splitBy(["+", "-"], swallow: true) // ["test", "++" "text", "--"]

回复于 2024-05-02T11:07:04+08:00

Swift：将String拆分为数组

30 回答

空白问题

一个弱的解决方案

强大的解决方案：使用NSCharacterSet

NSCharacterSet空格

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