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在Laravel 5.2中无法使用外键进行迁移

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我想创建两个表 users 和 roles . 我的代码如下：

2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table.php

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateUsersTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->string('name');
            $table->integer('role')->unsigned();
            $table->string('email')->unique();
            $table->string('password');
            $table->rememberToken();
            $table->timestamps();

            $table->foreign('role')
                ->references('id')
                ->on('roles');
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::drop('users');
    }
}

2016_03_09_004256_create_roles_table.php

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateRolesTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('roles', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->string('name');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::drop('roles');
    }
}

当我运行 php artisan migrate 时，出现以下错误 .

[Illuminate \ Database \ QueryException] SQLSTATE [HY000]：常规错误：1005无法创建表卡车运行 . ＃sql-1240_44（错误号：150“外键约束生成错误”）（SQL：alter table users add constraint u sers_role_foreign外键（角色）引用角色（id））[PDOException] SQLSTATE [HY000]：常规错误：1005无法创建表卡车运输 . ＃sql-1240_44（错误号：150“外键约束形成错误”）

mysql laravel-5 foreign-keys database-migration laravel-5.2

3 回答

  • 6

    您应确保在 users 表迁移之前运行了 roles 表迁移 . 默认情况下，在Laravel中您创建了 users 表迁移，因此如果只更改了它的代码并稍后添加了 roles 迁移，则它将无效 . 您应该更改 users 或 roles 迁移文件名，以确保 roles 表迁移文件开头的时间戳将在 users 表之前 .

    例如，您可能有这样的情况：

    2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table.php
2015_10_12_123552_create_roles_table.php

    你应该重命名文件，使其像这样：

    2015_10_12_123652_create_users_table.php
2015_10_12_123552_create_roles_table.php

    当然，我假设您仅在开发期间使用这些迁移，而且还没有进行 生产环境 .

    回复于
  • 1
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->string('firstname');
            $table->string('lastname');
            $table->text('slug');
            $table->string('email')->unique();
            $table->string('password', 60);
            $table->decimal('fidbonus', 6, 2);
            $table->rememberToken();
            $table->timestamps();
        });
        Schema::create('Userinfos', function (Blueprint $table) {
           $table->increments('id');
           $table->integer('User_id')->unsigned();
           $table->foreign('User_id')->references('id')->on('Users');
           $table->string('address');
           $table->string('address2');
           $table->text('city');
           $table->string('zip');
           $table->string('country');
           $table->string('Phone');
           $table->timestamps();
       });
       Schema::create('password_resets', function (Blueprint $table) {
           $table->string('email')->index();
           $table->string('token')->index();
           $table->timestamp('created_at');
       });
    }
    回复于
  • 0
    public function up()
{
    Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->increments('id');
        $table->string('firstname');
        $table->string('lastname');
        $table->text('slug');
        $table->string('email')->unique();
        $table->string('password', 60);
        $table->decimal('fidbonus', 6, 2);
        $table->rememberToken();
        $table->timestamps();
    });
    Schema::create('Userinfos', function (Blueprint $table) {
       $table->increments('id');
       //$table->integer('User_id')->unsigned();
       $table->unsignedInteger('User_id');
       //$table->foreign('User_id')->references('id')->on('Users');
         $table->foreign('User_id')->references('id')->on('Users')->onDelete('cascade')->onUpdate('cascade');
       $table->string('address');
       $table->string('address2');
       $table->text('city');
       $table->string('zip');
       $table->string('country');
       $table->string('Phone');
       $table->timestamps();
   });
   Schema::create('password_resets', function (Blueprint $table) {
       $table->string('email')->index();
       $table->string('token')->index();
       $table->timestamp('created_at');
   });
}

    尝试上面的代码 . 它工作正常

    回复于

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