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Python tkinter框架画布调整大小

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我正在尝试调整画布大小,以便当用户在窗口边缘使用“单击并拖动”调整窗口大小时,画布会填满整个窗口,但我没有成功 .

我看过以下其他问题:

问题#1(之前发布,但没有帮助)

这个发送给我的是我认为正确的方向,因为我在画布上绑定了一个Configure . 但是,我得到一个错误,“'画布'没有在FrameWidth中定义 . ”

Tkinter: How to get frame in canvas window to expand to the size of the canvas?

如果我修改了函数调用和函数,那么我得到错误“TypeError:FrameWidth()缺少1个必需的位置参数:'canvas'”修改是

canvas.bind('<Configure>', self.FrameWidth(canvas))

def FrameWidth(self, event, canvas):

问题#2(之前发布,但没有帮助)

我也看了这个问题:

Python Tkinter Scrollbar Shaky Scrolling

但是这个问题正在解决一个不规则行为的滚动条 .

问题#3(之前发布,但没有帮助)

我也看过这些问题并加权= 1,但这没有帮助:

Python TKinter: frame and canvas will expand horizontally, but not vertically, when window is resized

任何意见,将不胜感激 .

这是我的MWE:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Fri Nov  3 04:39:43 2017

@author: davidc
"""

import tkinter as tk


class Selections(tk.Frame): 
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

        self.FifthLabelLeft = tk.Label(self,
                         text="""Riding""",
                         justify = tk.CENTER,
                         width=20,
                         padx = 10).grid(row=4, column = 0, pady=5)

        self.FifthLabelCenter = tk.Label(self,
                         text="""Winning Candidate""",
                         justify = tk.CENTER,
                         width=20,
                         padx = 10).grid(row=4, column = 1, pady=5)

        self.FifthLabelRight = tk.Label(self,
                         text="""Percent of Vote""",
                         justify = tk.CENTER,
                         width=10,
                         padx = 10).grid(row=4, column = 2, pady=5)

        mybox = tk.LabelFrame(self, padx=5, pady=4)
        mybox.grid(row=5, column=0, columnspan=3)

        canvas = tk.Canvas(mybox, borderwidth=5, background="#70ff33")
        frame = tk.Frame(canvas, background="#33f4ff")
        vsb = tk.Scrollbar(mybox, orient="vertical", command=canvas.yview)
        canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=vsb.set, width=450, heigh=30)       

        mybox.grid_columnconfigure(5,weight=1)
        mybox.grid_rowconfigure(5,weight=1)
        frame.grid_columnconfigure(5,weight=1)
        frame.grid_rowconfigure(5,weight=1)

        vsb.pack(side="right", fill="y")
        canvas.pack(side="left", fill="both", expand=True)
        canvas.create_window((4,4), window=frame, anchor="nw", tags="frame")

        # be sure that we call OnFrameConfigure on the right canvas
        frame.bind("<Configure>", lambda event: self.OnFrameConfigure(canvas))
        canvas.bind('<Configure>', self.FrameWidth)

        self.fillWindow(frame)

        self.QuitButton = tk.Button(self, 
                                    text="QUIT", 
                                    command=root.destroy, 
                                    padx=25, pady=0)
        self.QuitButton.grid(column = 0, columnspan=3)


    def fillWindow(self, frame): 
        PartyWinnersList = [['Some list of places', "Somebody's Name", 0.37448599960838064], 
                            ['A shorter list', 'Three Long Names Here', 0.52167817821240514],
                            ['A much longer, longer entry', 'Short Name', 0.41945832387008858]]
        placement = 2
        for i in PartyWinnersList:
            ShowYear = tk.Label(frame,
                                      text="""%s """ % i[0],
                                      width=20,
                                      )
            ShowYear.grid(row=placement, column = 0, sticky=tk.S)
            ShowSystem = tk.Label(frame,
                                      text="""%s """ % i[1],
                                      width=20,
                                      )
            ShowSystem.grid(row=placement, column = 1, sticky=tk.N)
            PercentVotes = i[2]*100
            ShowVotes = tk.Label(frame,
                                      text="""%3.1f""" % PercentVotes,
                                      width=10,
                                      )
            ShowVotes.grid(row=placement, column = 2, sticky=tk.N)
            placement += 1

    def FrameWidth(self, event):
        canvas_width = event.width
        canvas.itemconfig(self.canvas_frame, width = canvas_width)

    def OnFrameConfigure(self, canvas):
        canvas.configure(scrollregion=canvas.bbox("all"))


if __name__ == "__main__": 
    root = tk.Tk()
    main = Selections(root)
    main.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
    root.mainloop()

1 回答

  • 2

    无需在这里重新发明轮子 . Canvas() 是一个tkinter小部件,与所有tkinter小部件一样,它必须使用几何管理器在窗口中绘制 . 这意味着我们可以操纵它在窗口中的显示方式 .

    以下示例程序从this page上的示例修改 .

    如果我们使用 .pack() 那么我们可以执行以下操作:

    from tkinter import *
    
    root = Tk()
    
    w = Canvas(root, width=200, height=100)
    w.pack(fill="both", expand=True)
    
    w.create_line(0, 0, 200, 100)
    w.create_line(0, 100, 200, 0, fill="red", dash=(4, 4))
    
    w.create_rectangle(50, 25, 150, 75, fill="blue")
    
    root.mainloop()
    

    fill="both"expand=True 的组合告诉小部件占用窗口中给出的所有额外空间并展开以填充它 .

    如果我们使用 .grid() 那么我们必须做一些略有不同的事情:

    from tkinter import *
    
    root = Tk()
    
    root.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
    root.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
    
    w = Canvas(root, width=200, height=100)
    w.grid(sticky=N+S+E+W)
    
    w.create_line(0, 0, 200, 100)
    w.create_line(0, 100, 200, 0, fill="red", dash=(4, 4))
    
    w.create_rectangle(50, 25, 150, 75, fill="blue")
    
    root.mainloop()
    

    在这里,我们使用 .rowconfigure().columnconfigure 来告诉第0行和第0列(我们的画布所在的位置)具有比任何其他行或列更高的权重,这意味着它们在窗口中获得的空间比其他行更多(在这种情况下)所有这些看起来都不存在其他行或列),然后我们需要告诉窗口小部件实际扩展它所在的"cell",我们通过指定 sticky=N+S+E+W 来做,它告诉窗口小部件坚持所有4个边缘单元格扩展时,从而扩展小部件 .

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