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在$ .ajax()请求之后,反应setState()不更新状态

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我正在使用react-react进行反应 . 在使用IndexRoute上的onEnter Asynchronous挂钩检查身份验证后,将呈现App组件 . 应用程序组件具有初始状态auth,在呈现时设置为undefined . auth状态被传递给Navbar组件作为prop,它将用于决定是否显示登录,注册和注销链接 .

当App组件完成渲染时, componentDidMount() 进行ajax调用以再次检查用户是否经过身份验证 . 在回应时它会改变状态 . 在从ajax请求状态更改后,我正在将状态记录到控制台, this.setState() 方法不会更改状态,但不知何故仍会触发Navbar组件上的componentWillReceiveProps()方法,并且 this.props.auth 值仍未定义 .

// Checks Authentication Asynchronously 
isAuthenticated(nextState, replace, callback) {
    $.ajax({
        type : 'GET',
        url : '/auth',
        success : function(res){
            if(!res){
                callback(replace({ pathname: '/login', query: { auth: 'false' } }));
            }else{
                callback();
            }
        }
    });
};

// routes
var routes = (
    <Router history={browserHistory}>
        <Route path="/" component={require('./components/app')}>
            <IndexRoute component={require('./components/dashboard/index')} onEnter={Auth.isAuthenticated}/>

            <Route path="/register"
                   component={require('./components/authentication/register')}
                   onEnter={Auth.isNotAuthenticated} />

            <Route path="/login"
                   component={require('./components/authentication/login')}
                   onEnter={Auth.isNotAuthenticated}/>

            <Route path="*"
                   component={require('./components/404/404')}/>
        </Route>
    </Router>
);

// App
const App = React.createClass({

    getInitialState(){
        return {
            auth : undefined
        }
    },

    componentDidMount(){
        console.log('App componentDidMount');
        this.checkAuth();
    },

    checkAuth(){
        var self = this;
        $.ajax({
            type : 'GET',
            url : '/auth',
            success : function(res){
                if(res){
                    self.setState({
                        auth : true
                    });
                }else{
                    self.setState({ auth : false});
                }
            }
        });
        console.log(this.state.auth);
    },

    render() {
        return(
            <div className="appWrapper">
                <Navbar auth={this.state.auth}/>

                <div className="container">
                    {this.props.children}
                </div>
            </div>
        );
    }
});

// Navbar
var Navbar = React.createClass({

    getInitialState(){
        return{
            user_actions : '' ,
            auth : this.props.auth
        }
    },

    componentDidMount(){
        console.log('Navbar componentDidMount ', this.props.auth);
        this.checkAuthState();
    },

    componentWillReceiveProps(){
        console.log('Navbar componentWillReceiveProps ', this.props.auth);
        this.setState({
            auth : this.props.auth
        });
        this.checkAuthState();
    },

    checkAuthState(){
        console.log('Nav Mounted with auth : ', this.state.auth);

        if(this.state.auth == undefined){
            this.state.user_actions = '';
        }
        if(!this.state.auth){
            this.state.user_actions =   <ul className="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
                <li><a href="/login">Login</a></li>
                <li><a href="/register">Register</a></li>
            </ul>;
            this.setState({
                user_actions : this.state.user_actions
            });
        }

        if(this.state.auth){
            this.state.user_actions =   <ul className="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
                <li><a href="/logout">Logout</a></li>
            </ul>;
            this.setState({
                user_actions : this.state.user_actions
            });
        }
    },

    render : function(){
        return (
            <nav className="navbar navbar-default">
                <div className="container">
                    <a href="/" className="navbar-brand">Reactor</a>
                    {this.state.user_actions}
                </div>
            </nav>
        );
    }
});

3 回答

  • 1

    首先,我建议你重读React.JS文档,因为有几件事需要注意:

    永远不要直接改变this.state,而是使用setState方法 . (行:108,111,121,133,136,146)您应该使用state来存储随时间变化的数据,而不是元素 . (行,111,121,136,146)

    TL;博士;让我们回到问题:

    1. Ajax响应正在更改状态值,但该值在日志中不会更改 .

    如果在ajax请求后打印值,您将看不到它!原因是:

    首先,您正在使用Ajax进行 asynchronous request 并尝试查看结果 in synchronous way . JS将首先执行 console.log ,它仍然包含请求之前的值,然后执行ajax请求回调 . 这是您的代码块:

    $.ajax({ ...,
        success: function(res) {
            if(res) { self.setState({ auth : true }); }/
            ...
        }  // will executed later (after ajax get response)
     });
     console.log(this.state.auth); // will executed first, this is why it always prints the value as undefined
    

    其次,在设置新的状态值后,您将无法立即看到更改的状态值 . 例如,假设 this.state.auth 的值为 false

    this.setState({ auth: true});
    console.log(this.state.auth); // will print false, instead of true as your new value
    

    您可以使用 componentWillUpdate(nextProps, nextState) 方法查看新的状态值 . 您可以从以下链接了解此信息:React.JS Component Specs and Lifecycle

    2.仍然触发Navbar组件上的componentWillReceiveProps()方法,并且this.props.auth值仍未定义 .

    这意味着您的ajax响应上的 setState() 成功更改了您的状态值 . 证据是Navbar组件接收一个新的道具,由App组件(其中auth状态被更改)发送它,这将触发 componentWillReceiveProps() 方法 .

    也许你的代码应该是这样的:

    // App
    const App = React.createClass({
        getInitialState : function(){
            return {
                auth : false
            }
        },
    
        componentDidMount : function() {
            console.log('App componentDidMount');
            this.checkAuth();
        },
    
        componentWillUpdate : function(nextProps, nextState) {
            //you'll see the changing state value in here
            console.log('Your prev auth state: ' + this.state.auth);
            console.log('Your next auth state: ' + nextState.auth);
        },
    
        checkAuth : function(){
            var self = this;
            $.ajax({
                type : 'GET',
                url : '/auth',
                success : function(res){
                    if(res){
                        self.setState({ auth : true });
                    }
                }
            });
        },
    
        render : function(){
            return(
                <div className="appWrapper">
                    <Navbar auth={this.state.auth}/>
                    <div className="container">
                        {this.props.children}
                    </div>
                </div>
            );
        }
    });
    
    // Navbar
    // Because the navbar component receive data (this.props.auth) from parent (app) via props, so we're no longer need to assign auth as a state in Navbar component. 
    const Navbar = React.createClass({
        render : function(){
            // you're no longer need checkAuthState method
            let navItems;
            if(!this.props.auth){
                navItems =  (<ul className="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
                    <li><a href="/login">Login</a></li>
                    <li><a href="/register">Register</a></li>
                </ul>);
            } else {
                navItems =  (<ul className="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
                    <li><a href="/logout">Logout</a></li>
                </ul>);
            }
    
            return (
                <nav className="navbar navbar-default">
                    <div className="container">
                        <a href="/" className="navbar-brand">Reactor</a>
                        { navItems }
                    </div>
                </nav>
            );
        }
    });
    

    希望能帮助到你!

  • 20

    在ajax范围内 . 它无法访问反应状态 . 作为替代方案,您可以将模块中的其他方法称为ajax成功调用,然后在那里更新状态 . 按照这个例子 .

    var reactModule = React.createClass({
       getInitialState:function(){
    
        },
      render: function() {
        return (      
               <div>
                content
              </div>
        );
      },
    componentDidMount: function() {
         var ajaxSuccess=this.ajaxSuccess;
    
                   $.ajax({
                       type: "POST",
                       url: $api_url + 'index.php/app/icon1_update',
                       dataType: "text",
                       data:fd,
                       contentType: false,
                       processData: false,
                       success: ajaxSuccess
                   });  
         }, 
    ajaxSuccess:function(e){
       //e is the result. update state here.
    }  
    });
    
  • 0

    请查看componentWillReceiveProps的文档:

    componentWillReceiveProps(
      object nextProps
    )
    

    https://facebook.github.io/react/docs/component-specs.html#updating-componentwillreceiveprops

    当您的属性发生变化时,访问属性“nextProps” . 否则,您将访问旧属性 .

    作为一个小提示:在render方法中包含checkAuthState()代码,而不是在componentDidMount方法中,因为您可以避免使用setState调用 .

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