在Mac OS Sierra中使用“python setup.py install”命令安装“Gnuplot-py”的错误消息

1 回答

• 0

  如前所述，该模块不适用于Python 3 .

  但是在Python中使用 gnuplot 编写自定义绘图函数并不是那么难 . 下面是我写的一个例子，用于绘制碳纤维层压板与环氧树脂的注入图 . 在输液过程中，将一桶树脂放在秤上，这样我每隔几分钟就能记下剩余的重量 .

  plot 函数的主要输入是 numpy 数组，其中我记录了仍在桶中的树脂的时间和数量 . 这个数量会随着时间的推移而下降，所以我用这个数据来计算每个点注入树脂的总量和树脂流动的速度 . 这就是 numpy 派上用场的地方！

  基本上这个函数创建一个包含gnuplot命令和内联数据的行列表，然后将它们连接成一个字符串并输入 gnuplot 作为 subprocess 运行 .

  import subprocess
  import numpy as np
  
  
  def plot(rawdata, filename, maxy=None, labels=False, n=2):
      """Plot injection data with gnuplot.
  
      Arguments:
          data: numpy array of shape (N,2)
              (Time, weight) pairs as written down during the injection. The time
              in minutes increases and the weight in grams decreases.
          filename: string
              Name to write the output figure to.
          maxy: Maximum y coordinate for the left axis (injected weight).
              The right axis (injection speed) is 1/10th of the left axis.
              When set to None, automatic scaling is used.
          labels: Label every n-th data point when true.
          n: Print every n-th value as a label.
      """
      gtype = 'lines'
      if labels:
          gtype = 'linespoints'
      delta = rawdata[1:] - rawdata[:-1]
      totals = np.array([[0, 0]] + [[dt, -dm] for dt, dm in delta])
      som = np.cumsum(totals, axis=0)
      print('harshoeveelheid "{}": {} g'.format(filename, som[-1, 1]))
      if maxy is None:
          maxy = round(som[-1, 1], -2)
      dm = np.array([[0]] + [[-dm/dt] for dt, dm in delta])
      newdata = np.hstack((som, dm))
      newdata[0, 2] = newdata[1, 2]
      l1 = 'set label "{:.0f} g" at {},{} center offset 0,0.5'
      l2 = 'set label "{:.0f} g/min" at {},second {} center offset 0,0.5'
      p1 = 'plot "-" with {gt} ls 1 title "harshoeveelheid", ' \
          '"-" with {gt} axes x1y2 ls 2 title "injectiesnelheid"'
      lp1 = ', "-" using 1:2:2 with labels right offset character 0.4,0.7' \
          'font "Alegreya, 8" tc ls 1 notitle'
      lp2 = ', "-" using 1:2:2 axis x1y2 with labels left offset character ' \
          '0.5,0.7 font "Alegreya, 8" tc ls 2 notitle'
      text = ['set terminal pdfcairo enhanced color dashed font "Alegreya, 11" '
              'rounded size 12.8 cm, 7.0 cm',
              'set xlabel "tijd [min]"',
              'set ylabel "harshoeveelheid [g]"',
              'set y2label "injectiesnelheid [g/min]"',
              'set y2tics',
              'set yrange [0:{:.0f}]'.format(maxy),
              'set y2range [0:{:.0f}]'.format(maxy/10),
              'set key left bottom',
              'set grid']
      if not labels:
          text.append(l1.format(newdata[-1, 1], newdata[-1, 0], newdata[-1, 1]))
          text.append(l2.format(newdata[-1, 2], newdata[-1, 0], newdata[-1, 2]))
      text.append('set output "{}"'.format(filename + '.pdf'))
      text.append(p1.format(gt=gtype))
      if labels:
          text[-1] += lp1 + lp2
      data1 = ['{:2.0f} {:4.0f}'.format(a, b) for a, b, _ in newdata]
      data2 = ['{:2.0f} {:4.0f}'.format(a, b) for a, _, b in newdata]
      text += data1
      text.append('e')
      text += data2
      text.append('e')
      if labels:
          data1 = ['{:2.0f} {:4.0f}'.format(a, b) for a, b, _ in newdata[n-1::n]]
          data2 = ['{:2.0f} {:4.0f}'.format(a, b) for a, _, b in newdata[n-1::n]]
          text += data1
          text.append('e')
          text += data2
          text.append('e')
      p = subprocess.Popen(['gnuplot'], stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
      _, _ = p.communicate(input='\n'.join(text).encode('utf-8'))
  

  输出看起来像这样：
  

  请注意，图形的样式由我的 gnuplotrc 文件中的设置决定 .

  回复于 2024-05-12T19:34:03+08:00