mod_wsgi：无法统计Python home和ImportError：没有名为'encodings'的模块

我正在尝试使用Django和Python 3.5.2上的mod_wsgi在Apache 2.4上构建一个网站 . 但是当启动apache守护程序httpd时，会在/ var / log / httpd / error_log上输出以下错误消息 .

[[Fri Sep 16 17：44：57.145900 2016] [wsgi：warn] [pid 20593]（13）权限被拒绝：mod_wsgi（pid = 20593）：无法统计Python home /home/ec2-user/.pyenv/versions /3.5.2 . Python解释器可能无法正确初始化 . 验证整个路径的提供路径和访问权限 . 致命的Python错误：Py_Initialize：无法获取语言环境编码ImportError：没有名为'encodings'的模块

所以，我探讨了一些关于类似问题的文章，例如：

• Django + Apache + mod_wsgi permission denied

• mod_wsgi: ImportError: No module named 'encodings'

但上述错误消息的原因尚未解决 .
请说明要检查的要点或要阅读的文件等 .

我的开发环境如下 .

(1) Host and OS

• 托管服务：亚马逊AWS EC2

• 操作系统：Amazon Linux AMI发布2016.03

(2) Django Project

我在 /home/ec2-user/django-sites 目录中创建了名为 testprj 的Django项目，用户帐号为 ec2-user .

[ec2-user@MyEC2 django-sites]$ pwd
/home/ec2-user/django-sites
[ec2-user@MyEC2 django-sites]$ ls -l
total 4
drwxrwxr-x 3 ec2-user ec2-user 4096 Sep 16 14:50 testprj

testprj使用的数据库已经设置好了 . 因此，Django中提供的开发服务器已成功启动，没有任何错误 .

[ec2-user@MyEC2 testprj]$ python manage.py runserver
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
September 16, 2016 - 14:23:47
Django version 1.10.1, using settings 'testprj.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.

(3) Environments of Python

我通过 pyenv install 3.5.2 安装了Python 3.5.2 . 然后我设置 pyenv virtualenv 3.5.2 django-sites . 我将本地的/ home / ec2-user / django-sites设置为env django-sites 如下所示 .

[ec2-user@MyEC2 django-sites]$ pwd
/home/ec2-user/django-sites
[ec2-user@MyEC2 django-sites]$ pyenv versions
  system
  3.5.2
  3.5.2/envs/django-sites
* django-sites (set by /home/ec2-user/django-sites/.python-version)
[ec2-user@MyEC2 django-sites]$ python -V
Python 3.5.2

我通过pip命令安装了以下模块 .

[ec2-user@MyEC2 django-sites]$ pwd
 /home/ec2-user/django-sites
[ec2-user@MyEC2 django-sites]$ pip list
configparser (3.5.0)
Django (1.10.1)
mod-wsgi (4.5.7)
pip (8.1.2)
PyMySQL (0.7.9)
setuptools (27.2.0)

(4) Web server

我使用的Web服务器是Apache 2.4，如下所示 .

[ec2-user@MyEC2 ~]$ httpd -v
Server version: Apache/2.4.23 (Amazon)
Server built:   Jul 29 2016 21:42:17

执行Apache的用户和组都是 apache ，作为/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf中的下一行 .

User apache
Group apache

(5) Additinal conf file for the Django project testprj

我打算配置这样的URL

http://[MyEC2 domain]/testprj/

可以访问位于/ home / ec2-user / django-sites / testprj的Django项目的首页 .
上面的[MyEC2域名]就像

ec2-XX-XX-XX-XX.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com

所以，我在 /etc/httpd/conf.d 中写了 testprj.conf 如下 .

[ec2-user@MyEC2 conf.d]$ pwd
/etc/httpd/conf.d
[ec2-user@MyEC2 conf.d]$ cat -n testprj.conf

1  LoadModule wsgi_module /home/ec2-user/.pyenv/versions/django-sites/lib/python3.5/site-packages/mod_wsgi/server/mod_wsgi-py35.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
 2  
 3  WSGIPythonHome /home/ec2-user/.pyenv/versions/3.5.2
 4  WSGIScriptReloading On
 5  WSGIScriptAlias  /testprj/ /home/ec2-user/django-sites/testprj/testprj/wsgi.py
 6  WSGIPythonPath /home/ec2-user/django-sites/testprj:/home/ec2-user/.pyenv/versions/django-sites/lib/python3.5/site-packages
 7  
 8  <VirtualHost *:80>
 9  
10    ServerName http://ec2-XX-XX-XX-XX.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com
11    SuexecUserGroup apache apache
12  
13    <Directory /home/ec2-user/django-sites/testprj/testprj>
14      <Files wsgi.py>
15      Require all granted
16      </Files>
17    </Directory>
18  
19    Alias /static/ "/home/ec2-user/django-sites/testprj/static/"
20  
21    <Directory /home/ec2-user/django-sites/testprj/static>
22      <Files *>
23      Require all granted
24      </Files>
25    </Directory>
26  
27  </VirtualHost>
28

[ec2-user@MyEC2 conf.d]$

最好的祝福 .