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在python中使用IfcOpenShell提取大量元素

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我正在尝试使用Python中的 IfcOpenShell 来读取 ifc 文件中对象的最深级别数量 . 到目前为止我有:

import ifcopenshell

path = r'D:\ifcos_1\slab.ifc'
ifc_file = ifcopenshell.open(path)

geometries = ifc_file.by_type("IfcProduct")

for geometry in geometries:
    if geometry.is_a("IfcSlab"):
        print geometry
        test = geometry.IfcPhysicalQuantity()
        print test

我研究了definitions

无论我试图为 test = geometry.X() 放置哪种类型的函数,我都会收到错误:

文件“C:\ Python27 \ lib \ site-packages \ ifcopenshell \ entity_instance.py”,第48行,在__getattr__中
“类型'%s'的实体实例没有属性'%s'”%(self.wrapped_data.is_a(),name))
AttributeError:'IfcSlab'类型的实体实例没有属性'IfcPhysicalQuantity'

不知道如何解决这个问题,并希望得到帮助 .

EDIT:

获得平板和进一步参考的进一步工作:

for geometry in geometries:
    if geometry.is_a("IfcSlab"):
        print geometry
        definedBy = geometry.IsDefinedBy

        print definedBy[0]

        for each in definedBy:
            test = each.is_a()
            print test

到目前为止,障碍是与IFC4的兼容性,我将尝试使用this forum post.的指令重新编译

EDIT 2:

现在使用IFC 2x3标准的进一步工作,文件具有数量信息(通过原始数据验证) . 以下是相关代码:

for geometry in geometries:
    if geometry.is_a("IfcSlab"):
        definedBy = geometry.IsDefinedBy

        for line in definedBy:
        test = line.is_a()
        # print test
        if line.is_a() == 'IfcRelDefinesByProperties' or line.is_a() == 'IfcRelDefinesByType':
            step1 = line.RelatingPropertyDefinition
            step2 = step1.is_a()
            print step2

无论我在 step1 = line. 之后放置什么都有错误,以下都不会给出结果:

line.IfcPropertySet
line.IfcElementQuantity
line.RelatingPropertyDefiniton

但是,此代码的输出仍然是:

IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcElementQuantity
IfcElementQuantity

这意味着我可以访问 IfcElementQuantity ,但没有任何属性可以工作 . 我看了schema reference但找不到正确的 .

1 回答

  • 2

    实现这一点时,您应该注意导入库使用的IFC版本 - 由IfcOpenShell-Website分发的版本与IFC2X3一起使用 . 对于IFC4,您可能需要自己编译版本 . (你可以用 ifcopenshell.schema_identifier 检查你的IFC版本)

    即使我在谈论IFC2X3,我也 Build 了关于buildingSMART IFC 4定义的链接 . 在buildingSMART网页上,IFC2X3的差异以红色标记 . 并且IFC4定义更易于阅读(IMO) .

    数量不像属性那样直接附加 . 它们被写为属性集,然后与元素或元素类型相关 . 首先,您应该确保您的IFC文件包含数量 - 否则您将找不到任何数量 . 通常,您从特定产品开始 - ifc_file.by_type('IfcSlab') . 您可以通过反向属性访问属性集 - 这些属性通常由IFC库设置,它们不直接作为文件中的属性出现 .

    我把你的示例文件缩短到大约三分之一(所以它仍然是一个有效的IFC2X3文件):

    ISO-10303-21;
    HEADER;FILE_DESCRIPTION(('ViewDefinition [Custom, QuantityTakeOffAddOnView, SpaceBoundary2ndLevelAddOnView]','Option [Drawing Scale: 100.000000]','Option [Global Unique Identifiers (GUID): Keep existing]','Option [Elements to export: Visible elements (on all stories)]','Option [Partial Structure Display: Entire Model]','Option [IFC Domain: All]','Option [Structural Function: All Elements]','Option [Convert Grid elements: On]','Option [Convert IFC Annotations and ARCHICAD 2D elements: Off]','Option [Convert 2D symbols of Doors and Windows: Off]','Option [Explode Composite and Complex Profile elements into parts: On]','Option [Export geometries that Participates in Collision Detection only: Off]','Option [Elements in Solid Element Operations: Extruded/revolved]','Option [Elements with junctions: Extruded/revolved without junctions]','Option [Slabs with slanted edge(s): Extruded]','Option [Use legacy geometric methods as in Coordination View 1.0: Off]','Option [IFC Site Geometry: As boundary representation (BRep)]','Option [IFC Site Location: At Project Origin]','Option [Curtain Wall export mode: Container Element]','Option [Railing export mode: Single Element]','Option [Stair export mode: Container Element]','Option [Properties To Export: All properties]','Option [Space containment: On]','Option [IFC Domain For Space Containment: All]','Option [Bounding Box: Off]','Option [Geometry to type objects: Off]','Option [Element Properties: All]','Option [Property Type Element Parameter: On]','Option [Quantity Type Element Parameter: On]','Option [IFC Base Quantities: On]','Option [Window Door Lining and Panel Parameters: On]','Option [IFC Space boundaries: On]','Option [ARCHICAD Zone Categories as IFC Space classification data: On]','Option [Element Classifications: On]'),'2;1');
    FILE_NAME('D:\\Side Projects\\Paragraph3\\The database\\IFC Files\\Local tests\\ifcos_1\\slab.ifc','2018-06-13T18:28:40',('Architect'),('Building Designer Office'),'The EXPRESS Data Manager Version 5.02.0100.09 : 26 Sep 2013','IFC file generated by GRAPHISOFT ARCHICAD-64 21.0.0 INT FULL Windows version (IFC2x3 add-on version: 3005 INT FULL).','The authorising person');
    FILE_SCHEMA(('IFC2X3'));
    ENDSEC;
    DATA;
    #1= IFCPERSON($,'Undefined',$,$,$,$,$,$);
    #7= IFCPERSONANDORGANIZATION(#1,#10,$);
    #10= IFCORGANIZATION('GS','GRAPHISOFT','GRAPHISOFT',$,$);
    #11= IFCAPPLICATION(#10,'21.0.0','ARCHICAD-64','IFC2x3 add-on version: 3005 INT FULL');
    #12= IFCOWNERHISTORY(#7,#11,$,.ADDED.,$,$,$,1528907320);
    #13= IFCSIUNIT(*,.LENGTHUNIT.,.MILLI.,.METRE.);
    #14= IFCSIUNIT(*,.AREAUNIT.,$,.SQUARE_METRE.);
    #16= IFCSIUNIT(*,.PLANEANGLEUNIT.,$,.RADIAN.);
    #17= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCPLANEANGLEMEASURE(0.0174532925199),#16);
    #18= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
    #19= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#18,.PLANEANGLEUNIT.,'DEGREE',#17);
    #29= IFCUNITASSIGNMENT((#13,#14,#19));
    #31= IFCDIRECTION((1.,0.,0.));
    #35= IFCDIRECTION((0.,0.,1.));
    #37= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
    #39= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#37,#35,#31);
    #40= IFCDIRECTION((0.,1.));
    #42= IFCGEOMETRICREPRESENTATIONCONTEXT($,'Model',3,1.00000000000E-5,#39,#40);
    #45= IFCPROJECT('344O7vICcwH8qAEnwJDjSU',#12,'Project',$,$,$,$,(#42),#29);
    #59= IFCLOCALPLACEMENT($,#39);
    #62= IFCSITE('20FpTZCqJy2vhVJYtjuIce',#12,'Site',$,$,#59,$,$,.ELEMENT.,(47,33,34,948800),(19,3,17,204400),0.,$,$);
    #68= IFCRELAGGREGATES('0Du7$nzQXCktKlPUTLFSAT',#12,$,$,#45,(#62));
    #74= IFCQUANTITYLENGTH('GrossPerimeter',$,$,0.);
    #76= IFCQUANTITYAREA('GrossArea',$,$,0.);
    #77= IFCELEMENTQUANTITY('2GNZepdf73fvGc$0W6rozj',#12,'BaseQuantities',$,'ARCHICAD BIM Base Quantities',(#74,#76));
    #82= IFCRELDEFINESBYPROPERTIES('2Hm9JvZjohDNSD2kdxZI3b',#12,$,$,(#62),#77);
    #93= IFCLOCALPLACEMENT(#59,#39);
    #95= IFCBUILDING('00tMo7QcxqWdIGvc4sMN2A',#12,'Building',$,$,#93,$,$,.ELEMENT.,$,$,$);
    #97= IFCRELAGGREGATES('2b_h_mYcGArd6glJG2Fmbt',#12,$,$,#62,(#95));
    #101= IFCQUANTITYAREA('GrossFloorArea',$,$,0.);
    #102= IFCELEMENTQUANTITY('1kQMlmT0rD35a9E43iKTas',#12,'BaseQuantities',$,'ARCHICAD BIM Base Quantities',(#101));
    #104= IFCRELDEFINESBYPROPERTIES('0L87OdSD3DqSTjSRlAciZL',#12,$,$,(#95),#102);
    #115= IFCLOCALPLACEMENT(#93,#39);
    #117= IFCBUILDINGSTOREY('1oZ0wPs_PE8ANCPg3bIs4j',#12,'Ground Floor',$,$,#115,$,$,.ELEMENT.,0.);
    #119= IFCRELAGGREGATES('118jwqMnuwK1xuf97w7fU5',#12,$,$,#95,(#117));
    #180= IFCSLAB('3W29Drc$H6CxK3FGIxjJNl',#12,'SLA - 001',$,$,$,$,'E0089375-9BF4-4633-B503-3D04BBB535EF',.FLOOR.);
    #195= IFCRELCONTAINEDINSPATIALSTRUCTURE('04ldtj6cp2dME6CiP80Bzh',#12,$,$,(#180),#117);
    #326= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('Fragility rating',$,IFCLABEL('0'),$);
    #327= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('Tile dimensions',$,IFCLABEL('Undefined'),$);
    #328= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('Anti-static Surface',$,IFCBOOLEAN(.F.),$);
    #329= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('Non-skid Surface',$,IFCBOOLEAN(.F.),$);
    #330= IFCPROPERTYSET('0LYX8AqOOS9ft8M4aJYEYa',#12,'FLOORINGS',$,(#326,#327,#328,#329));
    #332= IFCRELDEFINESBYPROPERTIES('1G6WWCSQGg0PdTnW7hwMrM',#12,$,$,(#180),#330);
    #335= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('Renovation Status',$,IFCLABEL('Existing'),$);
    #336= IFCPROPERTYSET('0cR6wsk2QWcLKPchA8mF3u',#12,'AC_Pset_RenovationAndPhasing',$,(#335));
    #338= IFCRELDEFINESBYPROPERTIES('3nYD8KGPhoBw5okmj1JjsA',#12,$,$,(#180),#336);
    #341= IFCQUANTITYLENGTH('Width',$,$,300.);
    #342= IFCQUANTITYLENGTH('Perimeter',$,$,22000.);
    #343= IFCQUANTITYAREA('GrossArea',$,$,28.);
    #344= IFCQUANTITYAREA('NetArea',$,$,28.);
    #345= IFCQUANTITYVOLUME('GrossVolume',$,$,8.4);
    #346= IFCQUANTITYVOLUME('NetVolume',$,$,8.4);
    #347= IFCELEMENTQUANTITY('1RfXJewSc7OCIaD$L2ZoXT',#12,'BaseQuantities',$,'ARCHICAD BIM Base Quantities',(#341,#342,#343,#344,#345,#346));
    #349= IFCRELDEFINESBYPROPERTIES('085uLttAQRllG3nL_YikZ8',#12,$,$,(#180),#347);
    #375= IFCQUANTITYVOLUME('Gross Volume of the Slab',$,$,8.4);
    #376= IFCQUANTITYVOLUME('Gross Volume of the Slab with Holes',$,$,8.4);
    #377= IFCQUANTITYLENGTH('Holes Perimeter',$,$,0.);
    #378= IFCQUANTITYAREA('Holes Surface Area',$,$,0.);
    #379= IFCQUANTITYLENGTH('Perimeter',$,$,22000.);
    #381= IFCQUANTITYAREA('Top Surface Area',$,$,28.);
    #382= IFCELEMENTQUANTITY('0DuZ12CVtssgcIQPaQ$1sp',#12,'ArchiCADQuantities',$,'ARCHICAD BIM Quantities',(#375,#376,#377,#378,#379,#381));
    #384= IFCRELDEFINESBYPROPERTIES('0KgGv0Y8Fc2jg8BCPhxnM5',#12,$,$,(#180),#382);
    #393= IFCSLABTYPE('0K1otpnkQcEpOBXPxnZ3dB',#12,'Timber - Floor 300',$,$,(#396),$,'14072DF3-C6E6-A63B-360B-859EF18C39CB',$,.FLOOR.);
    #395= IFCRELDEFINESBYTYPE('353egCMRpZtJd$CDCoSsCb',#12,$,$,(#180),#393);
    #352= IFCQUANTITYAREA('Area',$,$,28.);
    #353= IFCQUANTITYLENGTH('Height',$,$,300.);
    #354= IFCQUANTITYVOLUME('Net Volume',$,$,8.4);
    #396= IFCELEMENTQUANTITY('1Zyxf4r7NogSp4V7ORMpET',#12,'ArchiCADQuantities',$,'ARCHICAD BIM Quantities',(#352,#353,#354));
    ENDSEC;
    END-ISO-10303-21;
    

    这是一块附有面积测量的平板 . 它应该具有反向属性 IsDefinedBy . 在IFC2X3中,这指向实体IfcRelDefinesByPropertiesIfcRelDefinesByType的列表 . 使用IFC4,IfcRelDefinesByType将被放入inverse属性 IsTypedBy .

    每个IfcRelDefinesByProperties指向其属性 RelatingPropertyDefinition 中设置的属性 . 有各种属性集类型,您希望在搜索物理量时它是IfcElementQuantity类型 . 在迭代属性关系列表时,您必须在运行时检查当前持有的类型 .

    数量集在 Quantities 属性中附加了IfcPhysicalQuantities列表 . 这些可以是简单数量或复数量,由多个简单数量组成 . 对于简单数量,区域,计数或重量有特定的子类型 . 同样,您必须在运行时检查具体类型 .

    区域数量本身有一个名称和描述,以提供更多的背景(不是我们的,但可能在现实世界中) . value属性以数量类型命名,因此IfcQuantityArea具有属性 AreaValue . 同样感兴趣的是属性 Unit ,它是对值单位的引用 . 如果未设置(如我们的示例中所示),则需要在IfcProject实体中查找已分配的单元 .

    不幸的是,这可能不是全部 . 如果对象(这里是我们的IfcSlab)具有指定的对象类型,那么该类型也可以附加属性集(我将示例文件修改为这种情况) . 你的类型实体没有逆属性,而是直接属性 HasProperties . 如果已设置,您可以通过它发现附加属性 .

    总而言之,您可能需要多个循环:

    • 对于每个对象,获取属性集

    • 对于每个属性集,测试它是否为数量集

    • 对于每个数量集,请查看数量

    如果对象具有用户定义的类型,则可能会重复此搜索 .

    下面的代码应该这样做(用我的机器上写的python 3.5.4和ifcopenshell与IFC2X3架构)):

    • 从文件中获取所有平板(只有一个)

    • 遍历inverse属性 IsDefinedBy 中的所有实体 - 这些可以是 IfcRelDefinesByPropertiesIFcRelDefinesByType .

    • 从实体获取属性集

    • 检查给定的属性集是否为 IfcElementQuantity ,如果是,则继续打印quantitites .

    import ifcopenshell
    def print_quantities(property_definition):
      if 'IfcElementQuantity' == property_definition.is_a():
        for quantity in property_definition.Quantities:
          if 'IfcQuantityArea' == quantity.is_a():
            print('Area value: ' + str(quantity.AreaValue))
          if 'IfcQuantityVolume' == quantity.is_a():
            print('Volume value: ' + str(quantity.VolumeValue))
          if 'IfcQuantityLength' == quantity.is_a():
            print('Length value: ' + str(quantity.LengthValue))
    
    ifc_file = ifcopenshell.open('slab.ifc')
    products = ifc_file.by_type('IfcSlab')
    for product in products:
      if product.IsDefinedBy:
        definitions = product.IsDefinedBy
        for definition in definitions:
          #In IFC2X3 this could be property or type
          #in IFC4 type is in inverse attribute IsTypedBy
          if 'IfcRelDefinesByProperties' == definition.is_a():
            property_definition = definition.RelatingPropertyDefinition
            print_quantities(property_definition)
          if 'IfcRelDefinesByType' == definition.is_a():
            type = definition.RelatingType
            if type.HasPropertySets:
              for property_definition in type.HasPropertySets:
                print_quantities(property_definition)
    

    对于该示例,这导致:

    Length value: 300.0
    Length value: 22000.0
    Area value: 28.0
    Area value: 28.0
    Volume value: 8.4
    Volume value: 8.4
    Volume value: 8.4
    Volume value: 8.4
    Length value: 0.0
    Area value: 0.0
    Length value: 22000.0
    Area value: 28.0
    Area value: 28.0
    Length value: 300.0
    Volume value: 8.4
    

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