在json对象中查找嵌套字典中的项目

1 回答

• 1

  似乎python词典之间存在一些混淆 . 您在 businesses 中的数组中的数据实际上是JavaScript Object Notation（JSON）中的字符串，python将其视为字符串 . 要将它用作python字典，您需要使用python的 json 库进行转换 . 转换看起来像，

  import json
  
  python_obj = json.loads(json_str)
  

  您提供的对象是一个JSON字符串数组，如

  businesses = ["{\"hours\":"
              "{"
              "\"tuesday\": [[\"11:30\", \"23:00\"]],"
              "\"thursday\": [[\"11:30\", \"23:00\"]],"
              "\"wednesday\": [[\"11:30\", \"23:00\"]],"
              "\"friday\": [[\"11:30\", \"23:00\"]],"
              "\"sunday\": [[\"9:00\", \"23:00\"]],"
              "\"monday\": [[\"11:30\", \"23:00\"]],"
              "\"saturday\": [[\"11:30\", \"23:00\"]]"
              "},"
              "\"name\": \"XYZ\""
          "}"]
  

  python字典的数组如下所示

  businesses = [
      {
          "hours":{
              "tuesday":[["11:30","23:00"]],
              "thursday":[["11:30","23:00"]],
              "wednesday":[["11:30","23:00"]],
              "friday":[["11:30", "23:00"]],
              "sunday":[["9:00", "23:00"]],
              "monday":[["11:30", "23:00"]],
              "saturday":[["11:30", "23:00"]]
          },
          "name":"XYZ"
      }
  ]
  

  所以，你看到它输出每个字母的原因是因为你在迭代字符串，而不是python字典 . 当python迭代一个字符串时，它会查看每个字符 . 就像下面这样 .

  string_data = "123456789"
  # will iterate through each character
  for i in string_data:
      print(i) # will print 9 times each time outputting a character in order
  

  至于函数，你需要确保在进行时间比较时，使用python时间对象而不是字符串，因为这样可以准确地比较时间 . 我不完全确定为什么时间列在嵌套数组中，例如 [["11:30","23:00"]] ，因此如果数据的格式与其他业务的格式不同，您可能需要修改以下函数 .

  这是一个描述您需要的功能 .

  import json, datetime
  
  businesses = ["{\"hours\":"
              "{"
              "\"tuesday\": [[\"11:30\", \"23:00\"]],"
              "\"thursday\": [[\"11:30\", \"23:00\"]],"
              "\"wednesday\": [[\"11:30\", \"23:00\"]],"
              "\"friday\": [[\"11:30\", \"23:00\"]],"
              "\"sunday\": [[\"9:00\", \"23:00\"]],"
              "\"monday\": [[\"11:30\", \"23:00\"]],"
              "\"saturday\": [[\"11:30\", \"23:00\"]]"
              "},"
              "\"name\": \"XYZ\""
          "}"]
  
  
  def count_businesses(business_list):
      """
      :param business_list: An array of business in JSON to query from
      :return: Int of the count of businesses that are open on Sunday before 10 am
      """
  
      # initialize the array that will contain the businesses that meet the search criteria
      businesses_found = []
  
      # python time object of 10:00am that will be used to check against
      opening_business_time = datetime.time(hour=10)
  
      # iterate through each busineses to check if it meets the search criteria
      for business in business_list:
  
          # since each business is in JSON, we convert it into a Python object
          business_obj = json.loads(business)
  
          # Look into the 'hours' key, then the 'sunday' key and get the first item in the array. ( i.e ["11:30","23:00"])
          sunday_hours = business_obj["hours"]["sunday"][0]
  
          # read in the sunday opening hours as a string from the first value of the array. {i.e "11:30")
          sunday_opening_hours_str = sunday_hours[0]
  
          # convert the sunday opening hours into a time object so it can be compared.
          # '%H:%M' looks for the format HH:MM in a string.
          # for more reference. https://docs.python.org/3.6/library/datetime.html#strftime-and-strptime-behavior
          sunday_opening_hours_time = datetime.datetime.strptime(sunday_opening_hours_str, '%H:%M').time()
  
          # if sunday opening hours is before 10 am
          if sunday_opening_hours_time < opening_business_time:
  
              # add the business object to the list
              businesses_found.append(business_obj)
  
      # returns the count of the businesses that met the search criteria
      return len(businesses_found)
  
  
  total = count_businesses(businesses)
  
  print(total)
  

  回复于 2024-04-26T14:53:28+08:00